共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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溶剂萃取是一种重要的化工分离技术,在湿法冶金、原子能化工、石油化工等领域有着广泛的应用。萃取塔优点突出但设计放大困难。本文介绍了国外萃取塔数学模型和设计放大研究概况及其最新进展,并较详细地介绍了我国萃取塔设备的研究、创新和应用。鉴于脉冲筛板塔在核工业中的重要地位,着重介绍了在汪家鼎先生指导下所进行的脉冲筛板塔两相流体力学、纵向返混和传质特性等方面的系统研究工作,指出所形成的以特性速度进行塔径放大和考虑纵向混合的按基本原理进行脉冲筛板萃取塔放大设计的体系具有重要的普遍意义。所创制的"分散-聚并型"脉冲筛板塔性能优越,已在大型工业装置中得到成功的应用。也介绍了在我国广泛应用的转盘萃取塔、填料萃取塔和脉冲填料萃取塔的研究、创新和应用情况。其中在理论研究基础上创制的新型转盘萃取塔(NRDC)、内弯弧形筋片扁环填料(SMR)和挠性梅花扁环填料(PFMR)性能优良,推广应用效果显著。 相似文献
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复合填料萃取塔操作性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在内径为0.1m,高度为1.0m的玻璃萃取塔中,对四种不同填料用低界面张力体系(正丁醇-丁二酸-水)研究了填料塔的流体力学和传质性能,实验结果表明,用其中的两种填料组合的复合填料萃取塔具有较大的通量和较高的传质效率,可望在工业装置中得到推广应用。 相似文献
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综述了填料萃取塔的特点、国内外对填料萃取塔中填料的选择与开发并且详述了部分填料的工业应用,同时详细阐述了研究者使用不同的理论模型和方法对填料萃取塔的传质特性和流体动力学特性的研究。其中研究方法包括实验方法、经验公式方法及模拟方法。通过实验,能获得准确的液滴直径、分散相体积分数、液泛速度与滑移速度等数据,再通过计算机模拟则能获得详细的流场、温度场、浓度场等微观信息。可以预见,实验方法、经验公式、计算机模拟的有机结合将成为解决填料萃取塔传质和流体动力学问题的有效手段。 相似文献
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以中试填料萃取塔为设备研究了复合萃取剂(正辛醇和煤油)萃取林可霉素的宏观特性及传质强化。使用斜率法确定萃合物的结构和反应平衡常数以指导改进设备和强化传质;为了提高林可霉素萃取效果,考察了溶液pH值、相比(W/O)、填料类型、分布盘的使用等因素对提取林可霉素效果的影响。结果表明:以正辛醇为萃取剂萃取林可霉素的过程中,反应平衡常数K为0.072;复合萃取剂中正辛醇最佳含量为0.8(体积分数);萃取林可霉素的最佳pH值为10~11,最佳相比(W/O)为3;规整填料和散装填料萃取效果有限,分布盘可以大大加强传质,同时加装分布盘的填料萃取塔的单位体积处理量是混合澄清槽的12.8倍,萃取剂循环量大大减少。研究结果对复合萃取剂的萃取机理和填料萃取塔提取林可霉素的实际应用具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
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六院《塔设计资料》编写组 《化学工程》1972,(Z1)
1.2.5 填料塔的塔高计算 一、填料塔的传质 确定填料塔的塔高,就是确定所需要的传质设备容量,当传质负荷(即传质量,或传质单元数,或理论板数)已定后(这一般是由工艺要求提出的),问题就变成求取单位传质面所能传递的质量(传质系数),或每个传质单元所需的塔高(传质单元高度),或相当于每个理论 相似文献
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描述了新型萃取设备—湍流旋液萃取器的原理和结构。应用磷酸三丁酯-煤油-ZnCl_2水溶液这一萃取体系对该设备的萃取性能进行了实验测定,并与传统的混合澄清槽作了比较,结果表明该萃取设备具有处理量大,萃取效率高以及分相能力强的优点,适于工业化生产应用。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(1-4):573-583
Abstract The performance of a commercial-scale hollow fiber extraction system was investigated by the Separations Research Program (SRP) at the University of Texas at Austin. In this work, hexanol was extracted from water into octanol using a large-scale extraction/distillation system. In the membrane extractor studies, the octanol-rich phase was fed on the tube-side while in the packed column studies, the octanol-rich phase was chosen as the dispersed phase. This chemical system was selected because of its high solute distribution coefficient. As a result, the required solvent to feed ratio was low which creates hydraulic problems for conventional dispersive extractors such as the packed column. Under identical operating conditions, the mass transfer performance of the hollow fiber extractor compared favorably with that of a commercial-scale type 2 structured packing. A height equivalent to a theoretical stage (HETS) of 1.5 meters was obtained with the membrane extractor as compared to 15 meters for the type 2 structured packing. A staged hollow fiber extraction mass transfer model for scale-up was developed and found to agree with data obtained in this work and with data obtained earlier using the n-butanol/succinic acid/water system. 相似文献
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I. A. Birshtein A. M. Volchek A. I. Solodov R. A. Yaroshevich G. D. Kovalev V. V. Smolikov I. Z. Éifer 《Fibre Chemistry》1987,19(2):143-146
Conclusions A two-stage extraction process for regenerating zinc from wash water in the manufacture of viscose fibres has been worked out on a pilot set-up.Two types of extraction equipment have been tested — a vibrating column extractor and a mixing-settling extractor. Figures have been obtained for the efficiency and output of these extractors; these figures are necessary for designing industrial apparatus.The vibrating column extractor is recommended for apparatus design of the extraction stage; the mixing-settling extractor, for the re-extraction stage.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 46–47, March–April, 1987. 相似文献
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H. S. Gulbaran Tulbentçi 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1986,63(11):1465-1469
In this study, extractions of rapeseed, linseed, safflowerseed and tobaccoseed have been conducted with a new extractor which
has been developed for the extraction of vegetable tannins and which was later applied to sugar beets and sugar cane.
Using the optimal conditions of the new extractor for oilseeds, that is, 315μ particle size and 62 C temperature, technical
hexane has been employed, and the variations of the rate and distribution of oil extraction from solid materials have been
determined.
Optimal extraction periods with the new extractor were found to be 88 min for rapeseed, 90 min for linseed, 118 min for safflowerseed
and 90 min for tobaccoseed. The same seeds have been extracted with the Soxhlet extractor for a period of 10 hr. Soxhlet extractor
yields compared to Gülbaran yields with the new extractor were found to be only 98.18% for rapeseed, 98.15% for linseed, 97.79%
for safflowerseed and 97.39% for tobaccoseed. 相似文献
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用离心萃取器连续逆流提取氢化可的松的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用环隙式离心萃取器进行了提取氢化可的松的研究。用醋酸丁酯从发酵液中萃取氢化可的松 ,其传质过程受扩散因素控制 ,且分配系数随平衡水相浓度的增大而增大。开发了用环隙式离心萃取器连续逆流提取氢化可的松的工艺流程 ,当转速为 340 0~ 380 0r/min ,总流量为 40~ 75mL/min ,V(O ,有机相 )∶V(A ,水相 )为 (0 35~ 0 42 )∶1 0 0时 ,氢化可的松的萃取率为91 0 8%~ 93 16 % ,而厂家现行生产工艺采用的V(O)∶V(A)是 0 7∶1 0 ,氢化可的松的萃取率为90 %。因而 ,新工艺提高了氢化可的松的萃取率 ,降低了萃取剂耗量 相似文献