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1.
Microarchitected Stretching‐Dominated Mechanical Metamaterials with Minimal Surface Topologies
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Oraib Al‐Ketan Rachid Rezgui Reza Rowshan Huifeng Du Nicholas X. Fang Rashid K. Abu Al‐Rub 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
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Bio‐Mimicked Silica Architectures Capture Geometry,Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Marine Diatoms
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3.
Nature‐Inspired Lightweight Cellular Co‐Continuous Composites with Architected Periodic Gyroidal Structures
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Oraib Al‐Ketan Ahmad Soliman Ayesha M. AlQubaisi Rashid K. Abu Al‐Rub 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(2)
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Medication packaging is essential to provide patients with guidance and correct use of their medicines for effective treatment. This research aims to increase knowledge about the medication packaging innovation process and its uptake towards patient‐centered packaging design. The study applied a qualitative research approach based on data from 25 in‐depth interviews with stakeholders involved in medication packaging design. The empirical data analysis revealed four themes that can improve and advance user‐centered packaging design: medication packaging innovation process, medication packaging functions and features, medication packaging design constraints, and patient‐centered medication packaging design. The findings suggest that medication packaging design is strongly affected by an emphasis on protective and safety packaging functions rather than on patients' needs. Packaging innovation usually is constrained by rigid incremental development processes, where compliance with regulations, extensive documentation, avoidance of manufacturing complexity, and considerations on cost prevail. These findings are discussed in relation to the three most evident trade‐offs for patient‐centered design: protection versus openability, utility versus cost, and complexity of manufacturability versus complexity of use. This research contributes with valuable input and additional evidence about the necessary shift to a user‐centered approach in a field that has not been design driven. This input complements previous research and provides an opportunity for industry decision makers and policy makers to lead patient‐centered packaging design that can benefit patients and relieve overloaded health care systems. 相似文献
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George Chatzipirpiridis Carmela de Marco Eva Pellicer Olgaç Ergeneman Jordi Sort Bradley J. Nelson Salvador Pané 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
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Nong Ye Darshit Parmar Connie M. Borror 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》2006,22(4):393-402
Standard multivariate statistical process control (SPC) techniques, such as Hotelling's T2, cannot easily handle large‐scale, complex process data and often fail to detect out‐of‐control anomalies for such data. We develop a computationally efficient and scalable Chi‐Square ( ) Distance Monitoring (CSDM) procedure for monitoring large‐scale, complex process data to detect out‐of‐control anomalies, and test the performance of the CSDM procedure using various kinds of process data involving uncorrelated, correlated, auto‐correlated, normally distributed, and non‐normally distributed data variables. Based on advantages and disadvantages of the CSDM procedure in comparison with Hotelling's T2 for various kinds of process data, we design a hybrid SPC method with the CSDM procedure for monitoring large‐scale, complex process data. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Double sampling (DS) ‐control charts are designed to allow quick detection of a small shift of process mean and provides a quick response in an agile manufacturing environment. However, the DS ‐control charts assume that the process standard deviation remains unchanged throughout the entire course of the statistical process control. Therefore, a complementary DS chart that can be used to monitor the process variation caused by changes in process standard deviation should be developed. In this paper, the development of the DS s‐charts for quickly detecting small shift in process standard deviation for agile manufacturing is presented. The construction of the DS s‐charts is based on the same concepts in constructing the DS ‐charts and is formulated as an optimization problem and solved with a genetic algorithm. The efficiency of the DS s‐control chart is compared with that of the traditional s‐control chart. The results show that the DS s‐control charts can be a more economically preferable alternative in detecting small shifts than traditional s‐control charts. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Nanomaterial‐Based Organelles Protect Normal Cells against Chemotherapy‐Induced Cytotoxicity
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Ruibo Zhao Xueyao Liu Xinyan Yang Biao Jin Changyu Shao Weijia Kang Ruikang Tang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(27)
Chemotherapy‐induced cytotoxicity in normal cells and organs triggers undesired lesions. Although targeted delivery is used extensively, more than half of the chemotherapy dose still concentrates in normal tissues, especially in the liver. Enabling normal cells or organs to defend against cytotoxicity represents an alternative method for improving chemotherapy. Herein, rationally designed nanomaterials are used as artificial organelles to remove unexpected cytotoxicity in normal cells. Nanocomposites of gold‐oligonucleotides (Au‐ODN) can capture intracytoplasmic doxorubicin (DOX), a standard chemotherapy drug, blocking the drug's access into the cell nucleus. Cells with implanted Au‐ODN are more robust since their viability is maintained during DOX treatment. In vivo experiments confirm that the Au‐ODN nanomaterials selectively concentrate in hepatocytes and eliminate DOX‐induced hepatotoxicity, increasing the cell's capacity to resist the threatening chemotherapeutic milieu. The finding suggests that introducing functional materials as biological devices into living systems may be a new strategy for improving the regulation of cell fate in more complex conditions and for manufacturing super cells. 相似文献
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One‐dimensional (1D) nanostructures have numerous potential applications in science and engineering. Nanocomposites made of nanowires, such as carbon nanotubes, are likely to decrease material’s density and increase its strength,[1] which are of critical importance to space technology. To investigate the uniqueness offered by these materials, new techniques must be developed to quantitatively measure the properties of individual wire‐like structures whose structures are well characterized by electron microscopy techniques, because their properties may sensitively depend on their geometrical shape/configurations and crystal as well as surface structures. Within the framework of in‐situ TEM we have recently developed a novel approach that relies on electric field induced mechanical resonance for measuring the properties of individual wire‐like structures, such as Young’s modulus, electron field emission, tip work function, and electrical quantum conductance. This is a new technique that provides the properties of a single nanowire with well characterized. 相似文献
11.
A new multi‐scale dispersive gradient elasticity model with micro‐inertia: Formulation and
‐finite element implementation
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Dario De Domenico Harm Askes 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2016,108(5):485-512
Motivated by nano‐scale experimental evidence on the dispersion characteristics of materials with a lattice structure, a new multi‐scale gradient elasticity model is developed. In the framework of gradient elasticity, the simultaneous presence of acceleration and strain gradients has been denoted as dynamic consistency. This model represents an extension of an earlier dynamically consistent model with an additional micro‐inertia contribution to improve the dispersion behaviour. The model can therefore be seen as an enhanced dynamic extension of the Aifantis' 1992 strain‐gradient theory for statics obtained by including two acceleration gradients in addition to the strain gradient. Compared with the previous dynamically consistent model, the additional micro‐inertia term is found to improve the prediction of wave dispersion significantly and, more importantly, requires no extra computational cost. The fourth‐order equations are rewritten in two sets of symmetric second‐order equations so that ‐continuity is sufficient in the finite element implementation. Two sets of unknowns are identified as the microstructural and macrostructural displacements, thus highlighting the multi‐scale nature of the present formulation. The associated energy functionals and variationally consistent boundary conditions are presented, after which the finite element equations are derived. Considerable improvements over previous gradient models are observed as confirmed by two numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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On the Performance of Shewhart‐type Synthetic and Runs‐rules Charts Combined with an
Chart
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A synthetic chart is a combination of a conforming run‐length chart and an chart, or equivalently, a 2‐of‐(H + 1) runs‐rules (RR) chart with a head‐start feature. However, a synthetic chart combined with an chart is called a Synthetic‐ chart. In this article, we build a framework for Shewhart Synthetic‐ and improved RR (i.e., 1‐of‐1 or 2‐of‐(H + 1) without head‐start) charts by conducting an in‐depth zero‐state and steady‐state study to gain insight into the design of different classes of these schemes and their average run‐length performance using the Markov chain imbedding technique. More importantly, we propose a modified side‐sensitive Synthetic‐ chart, and then using overall performance measures (i.e., the extra quadratic loss, average ratio of average run‐length, and performance comparison index), we show that this new chart has a uniformly better performance than its Shewhart competitors. We also provide easy‐to‐use tables for each of the chart's design parameters to aid practical implementation. Moreover, a performance comparison with their corresponding counterparts (i.e., synthetic and RR charts) is conducted. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Libo Gao Jian Song Zengbao Jiao Weibing Liao Junhua Luan James Utama Surjadi Junyang Li Hongti Zhang Dong Sun Chain Tsuan Liu Yang Lu 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(1)
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Tsung‐Hui Huang Tzu‐Hsuan Huang Yang‐Shan Lin Chih‐Hsiang Chang Po‐Yu Chen Shu‐Wei Chang Chuin‐Shan Chen 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(3)
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Manufacturing‐induced material properties of linear flow split and linear bend split profiles
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E. Bruder L. Ahmels J. Niehuesbernd C. Müller 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2017,48(1):41-52
In this work the two massive forming processes linear flow splitting and linear bend splitting, which generate profiles from sheet metal, are evaluated with respect to characteristic manufacturing‐induced material properties of the produced parts. Resulting microstructural features such as grain size and shape as well as crystallographic textures are linked to mechanical properties such as strength, ductility and anisotropic elasticity and general rules for their evolution are defined. Residual stress distributions are detailed and discussed with regard to the causing geometrical and forming process related aspects. The aim of this paper is to give a comprehensive overview of the properties of profiles produced by linear flow splitting and linear bend splitting and to illustrate general rules for their evolution in order to provide guidelines for an optimized product development process which allows a beneficial use of the manufacturing‐induced properties. 相似文献
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Yusuke Daiko Kyohei Segawa Kodai Machida Hiroaki Imataka Sawao Honda Yuji Iwamoto 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
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Nong Ye Connie M. Borror Darshit Parmar 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》2003,19(6):505-515
Multivariate statistical process control charts are often used for process monitoring to detect out‐of‐control anomalies. However, multivariate control charts based on conventional statistical distance measures, such as the one used in the Hotelling's control chart, cannot scale up to large amounts of complex process data, e.g. data with a large number of variables and a high rate of data sampling. In our previous work we developed a multivariate statistical process monitoring procedure based on a more scalable chi‐square distance measure and tested this procedure for detecting out‐of control anomalies—intrusions—in a computer process using computer audit data. The testing results demonstrated the comparable performance of the scalable chi‐square procedure to that of Hotelling's control chart. To establish the chi‐square procedure as a generic, viable multivariate statistical processing monitoring procedure, we conduct a series of further studies to understand the detection power and limitations of the chi‐square procedure for processes with various kinds of data and various types of out‐of‐control anomalies in addition to the scalability and demonstrated performance of the chi‐square procedure for computer intrusion detection. This paper reports on one of these studies that investigates the effectiveness of the scalable chi‐square procedure in detecting out‐of‐control anomalies in processes with uncorrelated data variables, each of which has a normal probability distribution. The results of this study indicate that the chi‐square procedure is at least as effective as Hotelling's control chart for monitoring processes with uncorrelated data variables. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Over the past years, eco‐friendly packaging solutions such as moulded pulp have resonated with a growing number of consumers. Among all of them, the thermoformed products make use of the most recent manufacturing approach that produces high‐quality, thin‐walled items. However, it remains an underresearched area, and the development of an efficient and precise manufacturing process is fundamental in order to increase the implementation of sustainable packaging. With the purpose of setting a step towards in the standardization of design and testing practices of eco‐friendly packaging, this work focused on the characterization of the thermoforming process of moulded pulp products and their characteristics. Three different analyses were carried out for this purpose, covering the dewatering efficiency of the process, a quantification of the moulding geometrical accuracy, and an analysis of the internal microstructure of the parts. Experimental results and statistical analysis show that the dewatering efficiency is mainly governed by the mould's temperature while the duration of the contact time is not influential. In the second investigation, the geometrical accuracy of the mouldability of microfeatures was assessed. The process appeared to be dependently related to the pulp type employed. Finally, the internal microstructure was documented using X‐ray computed tomography. The analysis shows an increase in the internal void fraction linked with an increase in the mould's temperature. The role of the water change of phase in the thermoforming process is also discussed by reference to the work conducted on impulse drying. 相似文献
20.
Duyao Zhang Shoujin Sun Dong Qiu Mark A. Gibson Matthew S. Dargusch Milan Brandt Ma Qian Mark Easton 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(5)