散装填料层压降的计算

导出了计算散装料层压降的半经验关联式,在包括泛点气速的多种空塔气速下,对１１种填料的床层压降进行了计算,总平均计算误差为６．７１０％,泛点压降平均计算误差为７．７２７％,比文献上已有的关联图和关联式的准确性高。     

几种D_g50乱堆塔填料流体力学性能的测定和关联

本研究中对D_g50mm的十一种乱堆填料以空气-水系统在不同喷淋密度下测定了不同气速的压降 值及泛点值。 在已取得的大量数据的基础上,分析了Eckert通用关联图法,认为这种方法存在一些缺点。本文提出了改进的计算方法:采用下式以计算泛点气速 采用下式以计算压降 △P=mY/（1-nY）式中 本文成功地关联了取得的数据,对十一种填料整理出特征值——形体常数α及压降常数m、n。     

填料塔泛点/压降模型计算比较

以文献报道的实验数据及关联式为基础 ,比较了Billet模型、S -B -F模型及常用泛点 /压降计算模型在国产散堆和规整填料的泛点 /压降上的计算偏差 ,并对国产散堆和规整填料的泛点 /压降计算模型进行了总结     

波纹填料层泛点的新关联

本文在半理论分析的基础上，导出了波纹填料图泛点气体速度的关联式和关联图，得出了可以用空气－水物系的泛点实验数据求出其它物系泛点气速的结论。新关联方法与实验数据吻合很好，计算准确性优于文献公式。     

计算散装填料层泛点的新方法

在半理论分析的基础上，导出了散装填料层泛点气体速度的关联式，由实验数据计算了常用填料本文关联式的液泛填料因子。本文泛点关联式对8种填料泛点气速的计算值与实验数据的总平均计算误差为3.52%，新关联方法与实验数据吻合很好，计算准确性优于文献公式，且比文献公式计算简便。     

散装填料层泛点和压降的新关联

在理论分析的基础上 ,导出了散装填料层泛点气体速度和压降的新关联式 ,由实验数据计算了常用填料新关联式的液泛填料因子和压降常数。新泛点关联式对 8种填料泛点气速的计算值与实验数据的总平均计算误差为 3.5 2 % ;新压降关联式对各种填料的压降平均计算误差一般在 10 %以下。关联值与实验数据吻合很好 ,计算准确性优于文献公式 ,且比文献公式计算简便。     

板网填料液泛研究

将用于在管两相流动的Wallis'方程根据规整填料的结构特征加以改进,周末关联规整填料的泛点数据,计算结果与板网填料的泛点实验数据相差很小。将该方程重新整理可以反映规整填料泛点能力参数和流动参数的关系,计算结果与实验值相当。因此该方程大一种比常用的Bian－Hoagen关联式更好的关联规整填料泛点的方法。     

散堆填料吸收塔的模拟计算

以散堆填料塔为研究对象,应用C语言在Visual ＋＋环境下进行了编程,采用3个工厂低温甲醇洗工艺包中的填料塔数据进行程序验证。验证中塔径计算采用泛点气速法,填料层高度计算采用气相传质单元法。程序计算出的塔径和填料层高度与工艺包中给出的设计值基本吻合,误差在允许的范围内,证明所编制程序的准确性和可靠性,其计算结果可以为...     

粘度对规整填料层泛点影响的研究

研究了粘度对规整填料层泛点的影响 ,对文献上规整填料层泛点的关联式进行了改进 ,利用新关联式可由空气 水物系的泛点实验数据计算其他物系的泛点空塔气速 ,新关联方法与实验数据吻合较好 ,计算准确性优于文献公式     

关联填料层泛点的新方法

将用于直管两相流动的Ｗａｌｌｉｓ′方程根据规整填料的结构特征加以改进, 用来关联规整填料的泛点数据, 计算结果与板网填料的泛点实验数据相差很小。将该方程重新整理可以反映规整填料泛点能力参数和流动参数的关系, 计算结果与实验值相当接近。因此用该方程来关联规整填料泛点比常用的Ｂｉａｎ Ｈｏａｇｅｎ 关联式更好     

填料塔的填料层高度和塔径计算实例

用闲置金属鞍环填料对填料塔进行防腐处理。介绍了利用现有引风机的条件下,填料塔塔径、塔高的计算示例。     

填料塔中规整填料及相关装置的设计

介绍了颗粒型填料和规整填料,分析了气液再分布装置的设计要求、喷淋密度确定、设计计算、结构设计等,指出溢流槽式再分布器是适应性较好的分布器,特别适用于大流量操作。     

Supported catalytic packing prepared from ceramic packing for reactive distillation of ethyl acetate

In this work, a strategy of “etching-modification filling-graft copolymerization” was proposed to load the acidic ionic polyionic liquid on the smooth ceramic surface. In this way, commercial ceramic Raschig rings were successfully transformed into the supported catalytic packing for the reactive distillation, and were further evaluated with esterification reaction of ethyl acetate by means of the fully mixed reactor, the ultrasonic destruction, the cyclic catalysis reaction and the lab-scale distillation column experiment. This catalyst coating has good adhesion with the substrate. It can withstand 24 h of ultrasound damage and shows good stability in three cycle catalytic experiments. This kind of coated catalyst has better catalytic activity than the commercial Amberlyst 15 dry. In the lab-scale reaction distillation, the supported catalyst Raschig ring can achieve a higher conversion in comparison with the tea bag catalytic packing of Amberlyst 15 dry under some conditions.     

碳化硅规整填料的性能实验研究

为了研究新型多孔碳化硅规整填料的分离性能,文中对碳化硅规整填料进行了流体力学实验和传质实验。为了进一步提高碳化硅规整填料的传质性能,实验用硅酸钠溶液对碳化硅规整填料进行了表面改性处理,提高了填料表面的润湿性。实验结果表明:碳化硅规整填料具有较低的压降,较小的持液量,其理论板数可达到5块板以上,说明碳化硅规整填料是一种新型高效规整填料。同时获得了该填料的填料压降、泛点气速、持液量等流体力学性能数据,及填料层压降和液泛气速的关联式。     

化妆品包装设计的创新

论述了化妆品包装盒、包装容器盖子及封口的创新设计。介绍了化妆品包装纸盒的印刷、装饰和造型的新颖以及新材料的选择。介绍了包装容器盖子以及封口的一些创新设计。盖子和封口与化妆品包装的其他领域一样,能够随着潮流而发生变化,指出了当今化妆品包装容器盖子和封口的发展潮流。     

Vibrovacuum packing of powder masses

Conclusions The positive influence of vibropacking before isostatic pressing is caused by the effects of vibration breaking of the structural arched formations in dispersed media and is revealed in obtaining blanks of uniform and high density. These phenomena are used most rationally in vibropacking powders in vacuum. For this it is necessary to use a design of container vibrating with harmonic oscillations with an inertia-free overload. A method of isostatic pressing with preliminary vibrovacuum packing and a hydraulic over load has been developed. A feature of the method is pouring of the material into the mold with vibration and then repeated vibropacking of the evacuated powder with the use of an overload. The method makes it possible to obtain large high-quality refractory parts of complex configuration.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 9–16, July, 1982.     

Becoming random close packing

The problem of random close packing has been analyzed as a task of self-development with the doubling of the scale at the stage of becoming. It has been shown that the site of a transforming body at this stage can be described by hexagons in the two-dimensional case and by tetrakaidecahedra in the three-dimensional case. When their vertices, equidistant from the center, are distributed so that the smallest distance between them is largest among its all possible values, the fraction of the surrounding Euclidean space, which is occupied by the figures, coincides with the capacity of a random close packing. The capacity takes the value 0.827, in the two-dimensional case, or one of the two values, i.e., 0.6366 and 0.6457, in the three-dimensional case. The result obtained provides insight into the geometric meaning of the isotropic random close packing and serves to accept the existence of its two forms in the three-dimensional case.