R513A与R1234ze在螺杆冷水机组上替代R134a的试验研究

为寻求R134a合适的替代品,本文通过在螺杆冷水机组上进行实验的方法,对具有低GWP的新型HFOs工质R1234ze、R513A各方面性能进行了对比实验研究,实验结果表明:R513A单位容积制冷量与R134a相近,COP略有下降,而R1234ze制冷量衰减较大,COP略有提升,两种HFOs工质的压降、排气温度与R134a近似,充注量减少3%～6%。此外本文还对三种工质的传热系数K值进行了研究。     

R1234yf汽车空调制冷剂的理论循环性能分析

使用MH-59方程编制R1234yf的热力性质计算程序。在汽车空调制冷工况下,对比R1234yf和R134a的压力比、排气温度、单位质量压缩功、单位质量制冷量、单位质量冷凝负荷、COP、热力完善度、单位体积制冷量及压缩机吸气比容,得出它们随蒸发温度的变化情况。理论循环性能分析表明:R1234yf作为汽车空调制冷剂,在不改变制冷系统设备的前提下可以直接替代R134a,并且可以降低压缩机排气温度。     

新型三元混合制冷剂CMR-05的性能研究

介绍一种新型中温三元混合共沸制冷剂CMR-05.比较了CMR-05与R134a和R12 3种制冷剂在热工性能和环境性能方面的优劣,发现CMR一05的单位质量和单位容积制冷量均增加,ODP为0,GWP仅为659,符合环保要求,且成本低廉,而且可直接充灌于R134a和R12系统.     

R507A与R404A循环特性的理论与试验研究

在理论和试验上对R507A与R404A两种制冷剂的循环特性进行对比分析.在冷凝温度40.5℃,吸气温度18.3℃,过冷度0℃,压缩机等熵效率0.8的条件下,理论分析表明：R507A的制冷量较R404A高6％左右,COP高2％左右;相同条件下的性能测试结果表明：R507A的制冷量较R404A高2％～4％,COP高1％～2％,排气温度高0～4℃.     

《制冷空调新工质—热物理特性计算方法与实用图表》发行

上海交通大学丁国良等编著的《制冷空调新工质—热特理性质的计算方法与实用图表》最近由上海交通大学出版社出版 ,该书列出了正在使用的R134a、R15 2a、R4 0 7C、R4 10A、R6 0 0a、R2 90等新工质热特理性质的计算方法与应用图表。全书 80万字 ,每本定价 5 6元。读者如需要可与上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所丁国良教授联系 (上海华山路 195 4号 ,邮编 :2 0 0 0 30 ,电话 :0 2 0 - 6 2 932 110 )《制冷空调新工质—热物理特性计算方法与实用图表》发行@王艮!特约通讯员…     

R410A回热循环的热力分析

R410A是一种新型环保的制冷剂,针对R410A回热循环方面的性能加以分析。将不采用回热循环时的单位容积制冷量、单位容积压缩机耗功、COP与回热循环后的参数做比较,得出单位容积制冷量、单位容积压缩机耗功、COP随回热蒸发温度及回热过冷度变化时的变化情况,对R410A是否采用回热循环及在什么情况下采用回热循环具有一定意义。     

新型混合制冷剂R1270/R152a/R13I1的理论研究

针对制冷剂R22的替代问题,提出了一种适用于空调等制冷设备的环保型混合制冷剂R1270/R152a/R13I1。基于Refprop8.0,对R1270/R152a/R13I1的基本热物理性质和制冷系统循环性能进行了分析,研究表明:在标准工况下,R1270/R152a/R13I1混合制冷剂的COP和单位容积制冷量均与R22相当,非常有利于直接灌注式替代;在变工况下,R1270/R152a/R13I1的滑移温度较小,性能优于R407C,单位容积制冷量与R407C和R22相当,是一种优良的R22替代物。     

R22替代工质回热循环的性能分析

R22的替代工质的制冷性能通常比R22差，采用回热循环是改善循环性能的一种方法，但是增加回热器会带来成本的增加，而且不同的制冷剂在回热循环中的COP及容积制冷量的变化也是不同的。针对上述问题，分析回热循环的特性和6种制冷剂（R290，R1270，R134a／R1270（0．45／0．55），R134a／R290（0．6／0．4），R407C和R410A）在回热循环中的容积制冷量和COP的变化特点。研究结果表明，R134a,／R1270，R290和R134a／R290系统使用回热器后，性能改善较大，R410A系统只有在高冷凝温度、高过热度时才有必要使用回热器，其余替代工质系统使用回热器，其系统性能改善不明显。     

R290/R600a混合工质制冷系统泄漏点对系统性能的影响

混合工质在不同位置的泄漏所引起的系统中工质对组分比例发生变化会对制冷系统的性能产生很大影响。根据混合法则,从理论上研究R290/R600a工质对泄漏率在5%~40%范围内8种泄漏率条件下,系统工质对组分变化的规律。按照理论计算的要求建立制冷系统工质泄漏实验台,对实验台在4种泄漏率条件下的蒸发压力、冷凝压力、制冷量和COP进行研究。计算和实验结果表明,在蒸发器出口和冷凝器入口处的泄漏使低沸点组分R290在工质对中的比例增大,系统制冷量增加且COP下降;在蒸发器入口和冷凝器出口处的泄漏使高沸点组分R600a在工质对中的比例增大,系统制冷量下降且COP上升。     

HFC-161混合物替代R502的理论研究

提出一种新型制冷剂HFC-161/125/143a(质量百分比10/45/45)用于替代制冷剂R502.新制冷剂环境性能良好,ODP值为0,GWP值为3466,GWP值小于R502及其常用替代制冷剂R404A和R507.采用Refprop软件计算了HFC-161混合物的基本热物理性质,以及低温工况和变工况下的理论循环性能,并与制冷剂R502、R404A、R507的相关数据进行对比.结果表明:新制冷剂的运行压力、压比、COP值、单位容积制冷量与R502相当,温度滑移小于R502常用替代物R404A,是一种性能优良的制冷剂R502的替代物.     

Measurements of the surface tension for R290, R600a and R290/R600a mixture

The surface tensions of R290, R600a and R290/R600a mixture have been measured by the modified differential capillary-rise method. Twenty-two data points for R290 and 21 data points for R600a were obtained in the temperature range between 273 K and 354 K, and 43 data points for R290/R600a mixture on three isotherms of 278 K, 300 K and 320 K were obtained. The experimental uncertainties of temperature and surface tension are estimated to be within 20 mK and 0.2 mN m⁻¹, respectively. Surface tension correlations as a function of temperature for pure R290 and R600a were formulated in the temperature range between 253 K and critical temperature, and the correlation as a function of the composition for R290/R600a mixture was discussed at 278 K, 300 K and 320 K. It is found that the surface tension for R290/R600a mixture can be reproduced by the simple mixing rule by mole fraction with the correlations of both pure components.     

基于R600/R290混合制冷剂的立式冷冻箱的降温能力试验研究

为优化以混合制冷剂为工质的立式冷冻箱制冷系统降温能力,对使用R600/R290混合制冷剂的立式冷冻箱在32℃环境温度下进行降温能力试验,研究混合制冷剂充注量、制冷剂各组分配比、毛细管流量及风机转速对其性能的影响.结果 表明:混合制冷剂充注量过大会削弱制冷系统降温能力,并使压缩机功率增加;增大毛细管流量、风机转速及混合制...     

Performance characteristics of a small-capacity directly cooled refrigerator using R290/R600a (55/45)

In this study, the performance of a small-capacity directly cooled refrigerator was evaluated by using the mixture of R290 and R600a with mass fraction of 55:45 as an alternative to R134a. The compressor displacement volume of the alternative system with R290/R600a (55/45) was modified from that of the original system with R134a to match the refrigeration capacity. Both systems with R290/R600a (55/45) and R134a were tested, and then optimized by varying the refrigerant charge and capillary tube length under experimental conditions for both the pull-down test and the power consumption test. The refrigerant charge of the optimized R290/R600a system was approximately 50% of that of the optimized R134a system. The capillary tube lengths for each evaporator in the optimized R290/R600a system were 500 mm longer than those in the optimized R134a system. The power consumption of the optimized R134a system was 12.3% higher than that of the optimized R290/R600a system. The cooling speed of the optimized R290/R600a (55/45) system at the in-case setting temperature of −15 °C was improved by 28.8% over that of the optimized R134a system.     

Investigation of the heat pump water heater using economizer vapor injection system and mixture of R22/R600a

This paper presents the experimental study of a heat pump water heater (HPWH) using economizer vapor injection system and mixture of R22/R600a. Performances of HPWH using economizer vapor injection system are compared with that at different mixed mass ratios of R22/R600a. Study demonstrates that the heating capacity and energy efficiency ratio (EER) of the unit increased, and the discharge temperature of compressor decreased when using vapor injection and mixing refrigerant of R22/R600a. It is also found that the HPWH unit with economizer vapor injection system has a better performance for the high outlet water temperature under lower temperature conditions at 15% mass ratio of R600a for the mixing refrigerant. In addition, fundamental and practical influence of vapor injection pressure on the HPWH performance has been investigated experimentally. The simplified model is proposed for predicting the optimal vapor injection pressure of compressor using the mixing refrigerant R22/R600a.     

不同混合比下丙烷和二氟乙烷替代R22理论研究

针对目前替代R22应用比较广泛的R407C和R410A存在的一些问题，提出一种由丙烷R290和二氟乙烷R152a组成的混合制冷剂来替代R22，分析该混合制冷剂的环境影响指数、安全特性和润滑油等问题，并针对不同配比情况下的温度滑移特性、热力学特性和循环特性进行了理论研究，与R407C和R410A进行了对比，得出R290质量分数在50％～90％之间时组成的混合制冷剂是一种对环境危害很小，温度滑移很小，具有合适的压比和COP，润滑特性很好的优良近共沸制冷剂，用于替代R22优于R407C和R410A。     

Alternative evaluation of liquid-to-suction heat exchange in the refrigeration cycle

This paper advances a thermodynamic study of the effects of the liquid-to-suction heat exchange in vapor compression refrigeration cycles. The analysis was carried out for refrigerants of current interest, such as R134a, R22, R290, R410A, R600a and R717 assuming the cooling capacity as a constraint so that the evaporating pressure is free to vary. It is shown that the coefficient of performance may either increase or decrease when an internal heat exchanger is introduced into the cycle, depending not only on the working pressures, the heat exchanger effectiveness, the specific heat ratio, and the available latent heat to produce additional refrigerating effect, but also on the change experienced by the evaporating pressure. The thermodynamic conditions required for performance improvement are also discussed.     

CO_2非共沸混合工质制冷系统的理论分析

在设定工况条件下,采用3组CO2非共沸混合工质(R744/R22、R744/R1270、R744/R600a).对制冷系统进行了热力学理论分析和计算.研究了系统制冷量、压缩机功耗、制冷COP,和冷凝压力随CO2质量配比的变化关系.结果表明:在相同工况下,R744/R600a的冷凝压力最低,比R744/R22平均低22.9%,比R744/R1270平均低18.8%;R744/R1270具有较好的综合性能.