氯化镁喷雾热解制备氧化镁的研究

以青海盐湖氯化镁为初级原料,氯化镁经溶解、除杂、精制后采用喷雾热解法在立式热解炉中热解制备氧化镁。着重研究了喷雾热解的温度和进料量对氯化镁分解率的影响,最终确定的最佳工艺条件为：喷雾热解制备氧化镁时氯化镁的最佳热解温度为600 ℃,进料量为12 L/h。最佳工艺条件下氯化镁分解率在99%以上。该方法工艺流程简单、便于操作,是一种很有应用前景的氧化镁生产方法。     

青海盐湖镁资源大规模开发时机已来临

柴达木镁产业发展论坛日前在“中国盐湖城”青海省格尔木市举行。中科院青海盐湖研究所研究员吴志坚在论坛上表示,青海盐湖镁资源大规模开发时机已来临。镁资源是柴达木盆地的主要资源之 。柴达木循环经济试验区。两年多来在镁资源开发方面做了大量工作,催生了无水氯化镁等一批科技成果的诞生。“青海盐湖镁资源丰富,     

食品级氯化镁生产工艺的研究进展

氯化镁是重要的无机化工原料,主要来自制盐母液和盐湖卤水,尤其是随着盐湖钾盐资源的开发,产生大量副产物氯化镁。如不能合理利用,将造成镁资源的巨大浪费,在一定程度上对盐湖资源的可持续开发与利用起到了干扰作用。食品级氯化镁是一种新型添加剂,在食品、饮用水、医药等行业中具有非常广泛的用途。因此,利用制盐母液和盐湖卤水制备食品级氯化镁,有利于海卤水资源的可持续开发和利用,也将有助于提高相关企业的综合经济效益。本文综述了以制盐母液和盐湖卤水为原料生产食品级氯化镁的制备工艺研究进展,展望了食品级氯化镁未来发展趋势。     

青海盐湖无水氯化镁生产装置技术填补国内空白

采用华东理工大学和青海盐湖集团共同承担的国家”十五”科技攻关项目研究成果—结晶耦合脱水技术，建立年产1500吨无水氯化镁生产装置，在青海盐湖集团建成并成功运行。这项科研成果填补了国内无水氯化镁工业技术空白，标志着柴达木盐湖资源综合利用向前迈出重要的一步。     

运城盐湖氯化镁资源利用经验介绍

从运城盐湖生产工艺和生产操作等方面分析了氯化镁富集的原因 ,指出了对盐湖生产所造成的一系列影响 ,提出了综合利用氯化镁资源的措施。该工艺不仅使氯化镁资源得到综合利用 ,而且可开发出市场情况较好的化工产品 ,具有较明显的经济效益。     

青海盐湖卤水铷铯资源及分析方法研究进展

青海盐湖资源丰富,卤水中富含锂、铷、铯等贵稀金属离子,但目前盐湖铷铯资源的开发利用还在初级阶段。随着青海盐湖资源的不断开发,盐湖资源的综合利用越来越受到人们的关注,其中稀散元素的回收利用得到很大的重视。文章介绍了青海盐湖卤水稀散元素铷铯资源,并对近几年盐湖卤水铷、铯的分析方法研究进展进行了简要概述。     

中国镁工业的未来——察尔汗盐湖

青海察尔汗盐湖储存有大量的氯化镁资源,青海盐湖股份有限公司充分利用这些资源优势,从国外引进先进的电解镁技术,正在规划和实施金属镁一体化项目,随着该项目的建成,察尔汗盐湖将成为中国乃至世界最大的镁工业基地。     

青海察尔汗盐湖矿产资源的开发方向思考——钾、硼、锂、镁综合开发、高附加值的盐湖深加工产品开发

盐湖矿产资源的开发是青海国民经济发展的四大支柱产业之一,以钾盐为主的盐类产品在国内外享有盛誉,随着国家西部大开发战略的实施,青海盐湖矿产资源开发越来越为世人瞩目。然而,由于受资金、技术特别是发展观念的制约,以往青海盐湖矿产资源的开发较为粗放、资源利用率低、综合经济效益差。伴随着科学发展观的提出,以及资源综合有效利用的时代要求,青海丰富的盐湖矿产资源开发迫切需要步入一条全面、协调、高效的可持续开发之路。     

水氯镁石脱水技术的研究进展

镁化合物与金属镁及其合金具有重大工业应用价值。中国海洋和盐湖卤水中含有巨量的氯化镁,尤其是盐湖提钾后老卤经蒸发具有宏量水氯镁石(MgC l2·6H2O)产出,水氯镁石经脱水后得到的无水氯化镁是电解镁最佳的原材料。然而,水氯镁石脱水过程中存在许多技术难题一直阻碍着水氯镁石资源的广泛应用。主要介绍水氯镁石脱水技术的发展现状,内容包括气体保护法、复盐法和氨络合法等,指出了中国盐湖镁资源的巨大利用前景。     

卤水资源综合利用研究课题通过验收

2006年元月十四日由中国科学院青海盐湖研究所承担的“十五”国家攻关项目滚动课题“青海东台盐湖锂、硼、钾资源综合利用技术集成与示范”和“青海盐湖水氯镁石制取电解用无水氯化镁工程技术研究”通过主持单位青海省科技厅组织的专家组验收，这标志着青海盐湖所承担的“十五”国家攻关任务全部完成。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。