共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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The performance of different nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was studied in treating the toxic metal effluent from metallurgical industry. The characteristics and filtration behavior of the processes including the wastewater flux, salt rejection and ion rejection versus operating pressure were evaluated. Then the wastewater flux of RO membrane was compared with theoretical calculation using mass transfer models, and good consistency was observed. It was found that a high rejection rate more than 95% of metal ions and a low Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value of 10 mg·L^-1 in permeate could be achieved using the RO composite membrane, while the NF rejection of the salt could be up to 78.9% and the COD value in the permeate was 35 mg·L^-1. The results showed that the product water by both NF and RO desalination satisfied the State Reutilization Qualification, but NF would be more suitable for large-scale industrial practice, which offered significantly higher permeate flux at low operating pressure. 相似文献
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Sundergopal Sridhar K Krishna Prasad G Suryanarayana Murthy A Gangagni Rao Asad Ali Khan 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(10):1061-1067
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a well‐established process for water desalination and effluent treatment and it is anticipated that its application could be extended to complex mixtures of industrial effluents. Pilot‐scale experiments using a spiral‐wound thin‐film composite (TFC) polyamide membrane were carried out to investigate the potential of RO for processing a composite effluent, which was a mixture of various wastewaters from bulk drug and pharmaceutical factories. Separation performance was evaluated at various feed pressures (0–70 bar) and feed concentrations (2–30 gdm?3), and was found to improve with increasing pressure. High rejection of dissolved solids (~98%), COD, BOD and almost complete removal of color were achieved with reasonable flux rates and water recovery. The effect of concentration polarization and fouling on flux and rejection rates as functions of time was evaluated. An approximate cost estimate for an aerobic process vis‐à‐vis a RO membrane process for treatment of the composite effluent is presented. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Chandan Das Piyush Patel Sirshendu De Sunando DasGupta 《Separation and Purification Technology》2006,50(3):291-299
An investigation on the recovery of chromium from the effluent of a chrome-tanning bath has been performed using nanofiltration (NF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO). The experiments are conducted using a rectangular cross flow cell under laminar and turbulent regimes. Significant flux enhancement is achieved using thin wires as turbulent promoters. The performance criteria are evaluated in terms of the concentration of chromium, COD, BOD, TDS, TS, pH, and conductivity of the permeate. The effects of different operating parameters on permeate flux and observed retention of chromium are evaluated experimentally. The retention of chromium is found to be 91–98% for NF and 98.8–99.7% for RO for the experimental conditions of this study. Concentrations of chromium and COD of the final permeate are well within the permissible limits. 相似文献
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针对开环和闭环两类结构的反渗透-压力延迟渗透耦合脱盐系统进行了模型构建与系统优化分析。首先,以标准化比能耗为目标函数,构建了开环结构和闭环结构耦合系统的非线性约束优化模型。在优化模型中,引入包括半透膜性能、操作状态及设计变量的无量纲参数组,建立反渗透和压力延迟渗透单元过程的特征方程以简化模型。同时,为了保证比较的公平性,开环结构的总体能耗中额外包含了预处理和后处理能耗。通过求解上述优化模型,系统地比较和分析了无量纲半透膜总面积和水回收率同时变化导致的最优标准化比能耗、膜面积分配和操作压力的变化规律。结果表明,在水回收率处于正常水平(≤ 0.55)且系统总面积充足(≥0.9)时,闭环结构在节能及减少预处理费用方面比开环结构具有更明显优势。 相似文献
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计算流体力学在反渗透膜分离中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了计算流体力学(CFD)在反渗透膜分离中的应用情况及研究成果.阐述了CFD技术由于精确、效率高、成本低、不受实验条件限制等优势而得到的广泛应用,为研究流体流动提供了新的手段.指出浓差极化和膜污染限制了反渗透技术的进一步广泛应用,而CFD技术则为研究该问题提供了一种强有力的工具. 相似文献
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海水反渗透淡化技术的分析与探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
反渗透海水淡化技术是一种高效、节能、先进的液体分离技术.论述了目前国内外海水反渗透淡化技术的应用现状,着重介绍了反渗透膜材料及特点、膜污染及清洗、典型的海水反渗透淡化流程,探讨了反渗透海水淡化技术目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势. 相似文献
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参照作者近几年来设计的几套反渗透处理地表水的项目(如宁夏石嘴山电厂反渗透以黄河水为水源、河北定州电厂以水库水为水源等)在调试过程中遇到的不同情况,简要介绍了采用反渗透工艺处理地表水系统设计过程中需要考虑的设计因素。 相似文献