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《Planning》2015,(11)
随着工业化进程的逐步推进,在满足人类物质需求的同时也造成了日益严重的环境问题。其中未经处理的生活与工业废水经任意排放或灌溉进入土壤后,造成大量重金属元素在土壤中富集,从而进入食物链,对人体健康造成严重威胁影响。所以,农田重金属的治理迫在眉睫。生物修复法处理农田重金属是一种低成本,高效率的方法。本文在参考大量相关文献以后,综述了生物在农田重金属污染治理中的作用 相似文献
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经济的高速发展,在丰富人们物质生活的同时,也带来了严重的环境污染问题,影响着人们的身心健康。目前,土壤污染问题就是人们过于追求经济效益,损害土壤环境所造成的。土壤是陆地生物生存的基础,因此,土壤污染治理问题一直是当前经济社会发展过程中比较关注的问题。作者将对当前土壤污染治理中生物修复技术的具体应用展开了研究。 相似文献
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本文综述生物治理石油污染土壤的方法、影响因素、生物降解机理以及强化生物处理石油污染土壤途径,并展望其应用前景。 相似文献
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空气、土壤以及水体中有毒有害化学物质的污染加重是现阶段许多工业化国家面临的主要环境问题。随着污染的加重,寻找一种高效、经济且对环境扰动小的治理方法逐渐成为人们关注的焦点,近年来生物修复技术作为一种环境友好替代技术发展迅速。生物修复即利用微生物降解环境中有毒有害物质或者减少污染物浓度的一种修复方法。随着生物技术的不断发展,各国广泛开展生物修复技术治理污染环境的试验研究,并且应用于污染土壤、地下水、地表水的修复中。 相似文献
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在大力推进生态建设和水环境治理的新时代下,黑臭水体治理中生态修复仍然存在着河道护坡硬化现象以及对生态修复技术认识不足等问题.本文从护岸、缓冲区和河道本身三方面归纳总结了河道生态修复技术.护岸生态修复技术包括植被护坡、人工材料复合植被护坡、多孔材料护坡、生态石笼护坡等;缓冲区生态修复技术有人工湿地和生态塘-人工湿地技术;河道本身生态修复技术概括为物理修复、化学修复和生物-生态修复技术.通过对河道生态修复技术的分类阐述,以期为今后的河道生态修复研究与实践工作的开展提供参考. 相似文献
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以生物法治理黑臭水体为基础,根据生物法治理恢复周期长的缺点,采用水体原位高效重构修复技术,通过优化工艺和不同种类生物制剂投放顺序、生物坝技术、水体污染物消减技术、生态基技术、水生态自净化循环修复技术的综合使用,快速重塑自循环系统,缩短治理周期,恢复生态自平衡,实现河湖污水治理的长效性。 相似文献
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《Planning》2019,(11)
根据我国土壤砷污染现状及污染扩散趋势,介绍了砷污染土壤修复治理的物理、化学、生物修复技术及其应用效果,分析了各种技术的优缺点,并分析了砷污染土壤修复技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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生物/化学组合工艺处理高盐榨菜废水的除磷效能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对高盐度废水生物除磷的难点问题,采用生物/化学组合工艺处理高盐度、高磷、高氮的榨菜腌制废水,考察了运行工况、挂膜密度、排泥周期、药剂种类和投加量等对除磷效能的影响.试验结果表明:采用厌氧/生物除磷/生物脱氮/化学除磷组合工艺除磷高效、可行,当一级SBBR生物除磷单元的挂膜密度为60%、排泥周期为2 d、运行工况为进水(O.2 h)-厌氧(3 h)-好氧(6 h)-沉淀及排水(0.2 h),化学除磷单元按物质的量之比为9:1投加硫酸铝时,在进水COD及(PO3-4)-P分别为10 000 mg/L和38.5 mg/L的条件下,出水COD和(PO3-4)-P分别为90和0.1mg/L,去除率均达到了99%以上.生物除磷、生物脱氮、化学除磷单元的除磷分担率分别为56.6%、20.8%和22%. 相似文献
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Clinton E. Parker 《The International journal of environmental studies》2013,70(1-2):87-108
Results from the operation of a 37.8 m3/d extended aeration and sand filtration system in the closed‐loop treatment of water closet flush water are presented. The system has operated for four and one‐half years at 95 percent recycle. During this period over 30,000 m3 of flush water was treated and reused. Water inputs into the recycle system resulted from liquid human wastes plus wastage form potable water uses. Wasted potable water inputs were from wash basins, water fountains, and custodial services. Operation of both the biological treatment unit and the pressure sand filter followed acceptable conventional practice. Chemicals were not required to adjust pH, aid solids settleability or enhance treatment efficiency. Equilibrium concentrations followed predicted values except for pH, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. The concentration of these constituents was governed by urine content after flushing, agitation before biological treatment, temperature and biological oxidation. Variations in nitrogen (ammonia, nitrite and nitrate), pH and alkalinity that were observed could be accounted for through fundamental biological, chemical and physical relationships. The pH throughout the entire recycle system varied between 5.5 and 8.4. Recycled water pH rose from a preflush pH of approximately 7.0 to a pH of 8.4 immediately after flushing. The biological unit lowered the pH and functioned between pH values of 5.5 and 7.0. A slight rise in pH between the biological unit (through storage and filtration) and water closets was observed. The predominate biomass in the biological unit was fungi. Biological solids were threadlike; however, they readily separated by gravity settling. Wastage of biological solids from the biological unit in the recycle‐reuse system was the same experienced for a comparable biological unit used to treat water closet wastewater that was not recycled. Results from this study have conclusively demonstrated on a full‐scale basis the acceptability of using biological oxidation and sand filtration as a treatment train in the reuse of water closet wastewater with a recycle ratio of 20. 相似文献
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叠片展开式悬浮生物载体用于微污染源水的预处理 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对新型专利产品--"叠片展开式悬浮生物载体"用于生物接触氧化法预处理微污染源水进行了试验研究,考察了不同气水比、水力停留时间、水温条件下,系统对氨氮、有机污染物、浊度、铁、锰的去除效果.结果表明,叠片展开式悬浮生物载体用于生物接触氧化法预处理微污染源水,无论是挂膜、流化还是对各种污染物的去除,均取得了良好的效果.在水温>14.5℃、进水氨氮<4 mg/L时,系统对氨氮的去除率可稳定在70%~85%;此外,系统对CODMMn、浊度、铁、锰的去除率分别为(13.2%~33.6%)、(20.6%~43.3%)、(20%~50%)、(16.7%~68.8%). 相似文献
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Gilbert M. Pters Marie-Christine Hamaide-Deplus Vital Monaux Ed.-Jacques Nyns 《Water research》1975,9(10):901-911
The population biological activity of biological sludges used in the activated sludge waste water treatment process is defined as that minimum amount of biological sludge, still able to reduce in a 21 h contact period, the soluble COD of a waste water by one half the value equivalent to the BOD5d. This AmgBOD50% 21 h value was determined by incubating hundred fold serial dilutions of a biological sludge with a previously sterilized waste water and by plotting the residual soluble COD remaining after a 21 h incubation period vs the sludge dilution. The method allows any given biological sludge to be readily assayed on any given waste water. Biological sludges were found stable for periods up to three months in the frozen state or when stored at 4°C. Lyophilization of biological sludges resulted in a severe loss of population biological activity. Biological sludges of trade waste water treatment plants were followed for periods up to 70 days. A correlation was found between the population biological activity and changes in environmental factors such as reduced N and P nutrient feeding, reduced aeration or changes in pH. Minor changes resulted in a decrease in population biological activity. Drastic changes resulted in a modified shape of the soluble COD vs biological sludge dilution curves, presumably reflecting deep modifications of the waste water-treating biological community. 相似文献
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采用生物—生态组合工艺处理城市污水,其中生物单元采用连续流一体化生物反应器(CIBR),生态单元采用波形潜流人工湿地。根据原水水质和生态单元处理效能的季节性变化,通过调整CIBR生物单元的运行工况,实现了对城市污水的高效、低耗、稳定、达标处理。该系统的出水水质全年可稳定地达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)的一级A标准,处理能耗平均为0.362(kW.h)/m3,在达到相同处理效果的基础上,比A2/O工艺和Bardenpho工艺分别降低了37.69%和57.91%。该组合工艺的节能原理是建立在生物单元变工况运行与生态单元低能耗脱氮除磷共同作用基础上的。 相似文献
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低强度超声波强化污水生物处理技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
国内外研究发现低强度的超声辐照可以有效促进微生物的活性,因此可将其用于强化污水的生物处理。通过增强反应器内微生物的活性来提高污水的处理效率。介绍了低强度超声波强化生物活性的机理以及主要影响因素。概述了利用该技术强化污水生物处理的研究现状,并对未来的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Wuncheng Wang 《Water research》1980,14(6):603-612
Several biological inhibitors were tested for separation of biological and chemical sediment oxygen demand (SOD) of lake sediments. Phenol was selected. Chemical SOD was further separated by ferrous. sulfide, and manganous demand. The results show that the major component of SOD is chemical in contrast to biological and that the demand due to iron predominates. 相似文献