承压设备用聚四氟乙烯衬里研究进展

简略介绍了聚四氟乙烯衬里的制造技术、制造规范和相关研究进展。针对聚四氟乙烯衬里设备常见的故障现象,从制造技术、物理性能差异、运行条件等方面综合分析了失效原因,并介绍了提高其使用寿命的建议措施。此外还介绍了聚四氟乙烯衬里设备的检验方案,阐明了现有的检验方法存在的不足。     

化工标准化动态

氟塑料衬里系列标准1)GB/T 23711.1—2009《氟塑料衬里压力容器电火花试验方法》。规定了氟塑料(乙烯-四氟乙烯花聚物ETFE、聚全氟乙丙烯FEP、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯基醚的共聚物PFA、PTFE、PVDF)衬里压力容器的衬里层电火花试验方法。适用于氟塑料衬里压力容器的衬里层电火花试验。     

橡胶衬里设备在压力容器中的应用

概述了橡胶衬里压力容器相关标准规范的适用范围,介绍了橡胶衬里分类、衬里设计、基体设计及其制造、检验验收,为工程设计提供参考依据。     

中、美、欧盟压力容器标准／规范对材料规定的比较分析

从材料的选择、制造和用途等方面对我国压力容器标准／法规、ASME《锅炉和压力容器规范》和PED指令／EN标准进行了对比分析,阐述和分析了3个标准体系中相关标准时材料控制的相互对应关系和主要差别,旨在探讨如何深入理解和使用ASME《锅炉和压力容器规范》和PED指令／EN标准中有关材料控制的规定。     

压力容器制造过程中的材料质量控制探讨

压力容器产品在很多能源企业应用中非常广泛,在压力容器制造过程中,材料质量管理方面可能会出现一定的问题。本文根据制造过程中出现的问题,结合相关法规、标准和工作经验,提出了保证压力容器制造过程中材料质量管理上的一些建议,能够保证压力容器的质量。     

聚四氟乙烯(F_4)衬里成型技术及其应用

结合工程应用实例,对三种聚四氟乙烯(F_4)衬里成型技术:衬里成型技术、聚四氟乙烯衬里金属网成型技术、聚四氟乙烯衬里复合成型技术进行了介绍,以便于在今后的工程中参考应用。     

有关聚四氟乙烯系列标准

<正>1)HG20536—1993《聚四氟乙烯衬里设备》。规定了碳素钢、低合金钢制化工设备内衬(松衬)聚四氟乙烯的结构设计、制造、检验和验收、试验方法及贮存、装卸、运输和安装等要求。适用于设计温度-20～180℃、设计压力≤0.6MPa(表     

U型夹套搪玻璃开式搅拌容器定期检验方法

依据TSG 21—2016《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》中非金属及非金属衬里压力容器定期检验项目与方法的相关要求[1],本文以U型夹套搪玻璃开式搅拌容器为例,结合现场实际检验过程中发现的相关问题和缺陷,进行综合分析,提出对该类压力容器定期检验中的重点检验部位及项目方法。     

《压力容器设计和制造常见问题》征购启事

本书根据多年来“压力容器设计资格”取证和换证过程中存在的问题 ,由原化工部建设协调司组织有关部属设计院的资深专家积数十年工程经验编写而成。本书针对一般碳钢与低合金钢、不锈钢复合钢板和不锈钢衬里、直立塔式、换热器与低温、球形、铝制、钛制以及非金属衬里等各种类型的压力容器 ,在设计和制造中近 40 0个常见问题 ,结合国家法规、标准与规范 ,从理论到实践 ,分别作了详细的阐述和正确解答。本书内容丰富 ,针对性强 ,涉及面广 ,颇具实用价值 ,是各行业压力容器设计、制造、检验、管理以及应用等部门的指导性常用工具书。可供从事…     

压力容器壳体开孔允许不另行补强要求条件的分析

为满足工艺操作、容器制造、安装、检验及维修等要求,在压力容器上开孔是不可避免的,由此,开孔补强是压力容器设计和计算的重要组成部分。在《压力容器》GB150.3-2011的6.1.3章节中给出了压力容器壳体开孔允许不另行补强要求条件,本文对标准中的要求进行了深入分析,以帮助压力容器工程设计人员更好地理解标准中该部分的内容。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。