Zr添加对NiAl/Cr(Mo)基共晶合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

研究了Zr的添加对含Ti和Hf的NiAl/Cr(Mo)基共晶合金微观组织及压缩性能的影响.结果表明,少量Zr的添加会显著细化合金共晶胞内的NiAl/Cr(Mo)层片,优化共晶胞界区域的NiAl和Cr(Mo)相尺寸;随着Zr含量的增加,共晶胞界的NiAl和Cr(Mo)相明显粗化,且共晶胞界的Heusler相呈半连续状分布;当Zr的含量增加至1%(原子分数)时,共晶胞界的Heusler相形成连续的网状,且有粗大的富Cr相形成.Zr的添加促进了合金中NiAl和Cr(Mo)相中粗大b-NiAl和a-Cr相的析出,且Heusler相形成元素在析出相界面的偏聚导致了大量界面位错的形成.此外,Zr的添加导致了细小Heusler颗粒在NiAl相中的析出.适量Zr的添加可显著提高Ni-33Al-28Cr-5.5Mo-1.0Ti-0.3Hf共晶合金的室温和高温压缩强度,且几乎不降低其压缩塑性,较多Zr的添加会降低合金的压缩塑性.     

定向凝固NiAl合金的微观组织和高温力学性能Ⅰ.微观组织和韧脆转变温度

利用SEM和TEM研究了热等静压处理(HIP)后的NiAl-28Cr-5.5Mo-0.5Hf定向凝固合金微观组织与结构.该合金主要是由NiAl相、Cr(Mo)相和少量聚集在相界处的Heusler相组成.通过对该合金高温拉伸实验发现:合金的韧脆转变温度(BDTT)与应变速率有关,应变速率提高一个数量级,韧脆转变温度提高50 K.断口形貌观察发现:BDTT以下,该合金以β相的解理和β/Cr(Mo)的相剥离形式断裂;BDTT以上,该合金主要以塑性断裂为主.     

Influence Of High Temperature Heat Treatment On Microstructure And Microhardness Of (Ds)Nial--Cr(Mo)—Hf Eutectic Alloy

采用高温度梯度定向凝固装置制备NiAl-28Cr-5Mo-1Hf(原子分数，％，下同)共晶合金，研究了高温热处理对合金显微组织和显微硬度的影响。结果表明，热处理后，NiAl和Cr(Mo)的层片状组织形貌基本没有变化，而合金中分布于胞界的半连续的Heusler(Ni2AlHf)相部分或大部分消失，并以弥散的Heusler颗粒形式在NiAl基体中重新析出。此外，Cr(Mo)相中的NiAl微粒粗化，在Cr(Mo)相中出现了位错线。定向凝固NiAl-28Cr-5Mo-1Hf合金的显微硬度明显高于NiAl-28Cr-6Mo合金，热处理后，合金的硬度值基本保持不变。     

强磁场对Ni33Al28Cr5.5Mo0.5Hf合金微观组织及室温力学性能的影响

研究了Ni33Al28Cr5.5Mo0.5Hf合金在900℃10T强磁场处理后的微观组织及室温力学性能，发现合金经强磁场处理后室温抗弯强度提高约75％，抗拉强度提高1倍多。强磁场处理使合金中Hf元素在NiAl/Cr（mo）相界处析出的块状Heusler相部分溶解，弥散分布在Cr（Mo）相界处的小颗粒几乎全部固溶至NiAl相基体。Heusler相在晶界处析出可能是导致合金室温强度低、韧性差的主要原因，强磁场处理改善了这一情形，使合金固溶强化加强，提高其力学性能。     

热等静压对In718C高温合金组织和性能的影响

以In718C铸造高温合金为研究对象,观察分析了热等静压前后合金高低倍组织的变化,研究了热等静压对In718C合金组织结构和性能的影响.结果表明,In718C合金经热等静压后,铸造疏松缺陷得以基本消除,合金均匀化程度提高,Laves相、δ相得以消除,主要强化相γ"的尺寸、数量发生改变.热等静压后需对热处理进行适当调整,...     

镍基粉末高温合金FGH95涡轮盘材料研究

讨论了ＦＧＨ９５氩气雾化粉末高温合金中缺陷、粉末颗粒凝固组织及其相组成、粉末经过热等静压后显微组织与相组成、热等静压坯再经包套模锻后合金的组织与低周疲劳性能、以及热等静压坯再经挤压后合金组织的改善和热处理制度的改进。     

电磁离心铸造NiAl共晶合金的显微组织和力学性能

利用电磁离心铸造(EMCC)工艺制备NiAl/Cr(Mo)共晶合金,研究了合金的显微组织和压缩性能.结果表明, 合金显微组织细小,由激冷区、共晶区和亚共晶区组成.激冷区以初生β-NiAl相为主,共晶区由β-NiAl和α-Cr(Mo)相构成,亚共晶区由初生β-NiAl和β-NiAl/α-Cr(Mo)共晶组成. EMCC NiAl共晶合金1000℃压缩行为遵从幂指数规律: ε=Aσn.合金的室温断裂方式以基体NiAl的解理断裂和NiAl/Cr(Mo)的相界面剥离为主.     

定向凝固NiAl-28Cr-5.85Mo-0.15Hf合金的高温蠕变行为研究

研究了定向凝固NiAl-28Cr-5.85Mo-0.15Hf合金的微观组织和高温蠕变行为。结果表明合金是由NiAl枝晶轴和枝晶间区[NiAl和Cr(Mo)相的共晶]组成的。经过长期固溶时效处理NiAl/Cr(Mo)合金析出少量弥散分布的Huesler相,其余Hf以固溶体方式存在。合金拉伸蠕变曲线具有典型的三阶段特征,即较短的减速蠕变阶段和较长的第三蠕变阶段。合金应力指数n和蠕变激活能Q分别为3.36和245kJ/mol,该合金的蠕变变形是由位错攀移机制所控制的。     

热等静压温度对FGH95合金组织和持久性能的影响

通过对FGH95合金进行不同温度的热等静压处理、组织形貌观察及持久性能测试,研究热等静压温度对合金组织结构与持久性能的影响。结果表明:在低于γ′相溶解温度进行热等静压时,粗大γ′相沿颗粒边界区域不连续分布;随热等静压温度的升高,合金中一次粗大γ′相的数量、尺寸逐渐减小,经1 140℃固溶处理后,晶粒尺寸无明显变化;合金经1 180℃热等静压及完全热处理后,粗大γ′相完全溶解及γ′相贫化区消失,晶粒尺寸明显长大,γ′相和细小碳化物沿晶界及晶内弥散析出,因而合金具有较好的持久性能;合金在持久性能测试期间的变形机制是位错在基体中滑移及剪切γ′相。     

镍基粉末高温合金中微量元素Hf的作用

利用FEG-SEM,TEM,AES和EDS分析技术以及物理化学相分析等方法,系统地研究了微量元素Hf在镍基粉末高温合金中的作用.结果表明:Hf以固溶态分布在枝晶间γ固溶体内,有助于减少原始粉末颗粒边界组织.Hf促进γ′相形态失稳,导致大尺寸立方状γ′相发生分裂,更快地进入γ′相低能稳定的择优形态.Hf主要分布在γ′相和MC型碳化物中,改变γ′相和MC型碳化物及γ固溶体相间合金元素的再分配,有利于消除合金的缺口敏感性,改善合金综合力学性能.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Determined in Compressive Tests of Quasi-Rapidly Solidified NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf Eutectic Alloy After Hot Isostatic Pressure and High Temperature Treatments

The effect of high cooling rate of approximately 10² K/s and subsequent hot isostatic pressure (HIP) and high temperature (HT) treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of NiAl-based intermetallic alloys was investigated. The results reveal that rapid solidification refines the microstructure of the NiAl-Cr(Mo)-0.5Hf eutectic alloy and transforms the Ni₂AlHf Heusler phase, which is present in the equilibrium state to a metastable Hf(Ni, Al, Cr) solid solution phase. Simultaneously, the shape and distribution of the Hf(Ni, Al, Cr) solid solution phase were considerably improved. After the HIP treatment, the Hf(Ni, Al, Cr) solid solution phase has changed from continuous distribution along eutectic cell boundaries into semicontinuous distribution, and the primary NiAl(Cr, Mo) phase has coarsened. The HT treatment reduces the volume fraction of the primary NiAl(Cr, Mo) phase and optimizes the distribution of the Hf(Ni, Al, Cr) solid solution phase. Rapid solidification and the resulting fine-grained microstructure will significantly improve the mechanical properties of the alloy in compression tests. However, additional HIP and HT treatments enhance the high-temperature strength properties obviously.     

金属间化合物NiAl-Cr(Mo,Hf)合金的研究

简要介绍了金属间化合物NiAl-Cr(Mo,Hf)合金（JJ－3）的最新研究进展。重点报道了其物理性能、微观组织、高温拉伸性能、蠕变性能和持久性能及高温氧化性能。结果表明：JJ－3合金具有密度低、熔点高、导热率大、组织稳定。1000－1150℃力学性能优异和抗氧化性能良好等优点，适于制造高推比先进航空发动机的涡轮导向叶片。     

定向凝固NiAl—28Cr—5.5Mo-0.5Hf合金中Ni_2AlHf相和Ni_(16)Hf_6Si_7相的研究

少量的Ｈｆ（０．５％）加入到定向凝固的ＮｉＡｌ－Ｃｒ（Ｍｏ）合金中,会产生Ｈｅｕｓｌｅｒ相Ｎｉ２ＡｌＨｆ,该相呈网状分布在ＮｉＡｌ／Ｃｒ（Ｍｏ）相界面区域．Ｎｉ２ＡｌＨｆ与ＮｉＡｌ之间不存在固定的晶体学取向关系,但有时也发现二者存在立方－立方取向关系：［１１１］ＮｉＡｌ［１１１］Ｈ,（１０１）ＮｉＡｌ／／（２０２）Ｈ,并通过高分辨电子显微照片分析了二者界面的精细结构由于定向凝固过程中,Ｓｉ元素进入到合金中,所以在此合金中发现了Ｇ－相Ｎｉ１６Ｈｆ６Ｓｉ７．细小弥散的Ｎｉ１６Ｈｆ６Ｓｉ７相呈立方体形状,与Ｎｉ２ＡｌＨｆ相相伴分布在ＮｉＡｌ／Ｃｒ（Ｍｏ）相界面附近同时讨论ＴＮｉＡｌ／Ｎｉ２ＡｌＨｆ及ＮｉＡｌ／Ｎｉ１６Ｈｆ６Ｓｉ７的界面能量,Ｎｉ１６Ｈｆ６Ｓｉ７相在ＮｉＡｌ中析出的惯习面和Ｎｉ２ＡｌＨｆ相及Ｎｉ１６Ｈｆ６Ｓｉ７相分布形态的成因     

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties' improvement of NiAl–Cr(Mo)–Hf eutectic alloy during suction casting and subsequent HIP treatment

A NiAl–Cr(Mo)–Hf eutectic alloy was prepared by suction-casting technique and subsequently hot isostatic pressing treatment. Microstructure and mechanical tests were performed and the results revealed that the suction-cast alloy possessed fine NiAl/Cr(Mo) lamellar, large area fraction of eutectic cell and semi-continuously distributed Ni₂AlHf phase at the cell boundaries. After the HIP treatment, the Ni₂AlHf particles became fine and distributed evenly in the alloy. Moreover, some of the Ni₂AlHf particles along the eutectic cell boundaries were transformed into Hf solid solution phase. Compared with the conventionally cast alloy, the room-temperature compressive ductility and strength of the suction-cast alloy attained significant improvement. In addition, the room-temperature ductility and elevated temperature strength of suction-cast alloy were markedly enhanced by HIP treatment.     

Effects of Withdrawal Rate and Temperature Gradient on the Microstructure Evolution in Directionally Solidified NiAl-36Cr-6Mo Hypereutectic Alloy

The effects of withdrawal rate and temperature gradient on the microstructure and growth interface morphology in directionally solidified Ni-29Al-36Cr-6Mo(at.%) hypereutectic alloy were investigated. Under the temperature gradient of 250 K/cm, well-aligned eutectic microstructure with lamellar morphology was obtained at the withdrawal rate of 6 μm/s. When the withdrawal rate was 10 μm/s, the microstructure changed to Cr(Mo) dendrites + eutectic lamellae. With the increasing withdrawal rate, the interdendritic eutectic growth interface changed from planar to cellular, the number of primary Cr(Mo) dendrites became greater, and the microstructure was refined. When the temperature gradient increased to 600 K/cm, the coupled eutectic growth zone of NiAl-Cr(Mo) alloy was expanded; a well-aligned eutectic microstructure could be obtained at higher rate of 10 μm/s. Furthermore, the planar/cellular transition rate of the interdendritic eutectic growth interface increased. Even at the same withdrawal rate, the number of primary Cr(Mo) dendrites was less and the microstructure was finer under the temperature gradient of 600 K/cm.     

Microstructure and properties of novel quinary multi-principal element alloys with refractory elements

Five equiatomic alloys(Ti Zr Hf VNb, Ti Zr Hf VTa, Ti Zr Nb Mo V, Ti Zr Hf Mo V and Zr Nb Mo Hf V) composed of five elements with high melting temperature, respectively were prepared by arc-melting to develop a novel high temperature alloy. The five alloys exhibit different dendritic and interdendritic morphologies. The Ti Zr Hf VNb, Ti Zr Hf VTa and Ti Zr Nb Mo V alloys formed disordered solid solution phases with body-centered cubic structure, and exhibited high compressive strength and good plasticity. The Ti Zr Hf Mo V and Zr Nb Mo Hf V alloys are composed with Laves phase(Hf Mo2) and disordered solid solution phases with body-centered cubic structure. The Ti Zr Hf Mo V and Zr Nb Mo Hf V alloys are harder and more brittle than the other three alloys due to the existence of hard and brittle Laves phases. At high temperatures, the strength decreases to below 300 MPa for the Ti Zr Hf VNb and Ti Zr Hf Mo V alloys. Solution strengthening is the primary strengthening mechanism of the Ti Zr Hf VNb, Ti Zr Hf VTa and Ti Zr Nb Mo V alloys, and brittle Laves phase is the main cause for the low ductility of the Ti Zr Hf Mo V and Zr Nb Mo Hf V alloys.     

Preliminary investigation on strong magnetic field treated NiAl–Cr(Mo)–Hf near eutectic alloy

The Ni-33Al-28Cr-6Mo-0.3Hf near eutectic alloy was treated in a 10 T strong magnetic field at 1073 K and 1173 K for 1.5 h respectively. Microstructure examination reveals that after the strong magnetic field treatment, most Ni₂AlHf Heusler particles have changed into Hf solid solution, and moreover Hf solid solution and Heusler particles along eutectic cell boundaries distribute more uniformly. In addition, the eutectic cellular microstructure of the alloy with strong magnetic field treatment at 1173 K is changed greatly. The eutectic cell has an obvious disintegration and Cr(Mo) plates become coarsening and spheroidizing. The compression tests show that room temperature compressive ductility of the alloys with strong magnetic field treatment improves significantly, compared with the heat-treated alloy.     

NiAl涂层对NiAl-Cr(Zr)共晶合金1100℃空气中循环氧化行为的影响

研究了溅射NiAl涂层对NiAl-Cr(Zr)共晶合金在1100 ℃空气中抗氧化性能的影响.结果表明,在1100 ℃高温下,NiAl-Cr(Zr)共晶合金由于形成Al2O3 + Cr2O3+ ZrO2的混合氧化物膜而表现出较差的抗循环氧化性能.在其表面溅射与其成分接近的NiAl 微晶涂层,高温下形成致密的、粘附性好的A...     

Improvement of compressive strength and ductility in NiAl based eutectic alloy by uniform high magnetic field treatment

With the development of superconducting technology, high magnetic fields (HMF) provide unique opportunity for materials and physics scientists to extend or exploit high performance of existing materials. In this paper, we report our findings of the improvement of compressive strength and ductility in a NiAl based eutectic alloy induced by high uniform magnetic field treatment. It shows that the compressive strength and ductility of NiAl–Cr(Mo)–(Ti,Hf) eutectic alloy were improved by 100 MPa and 12% respectively after 11T uniform magnetic field treatment. Microstructural characterization and fractography observation suggested that the modification of morphology and dispersed distribution of constituent phases through atomic diffusion induced by the HMF treatment could be responsible for the improvement of mechanical performance.