一种新型的ZVS—PWM—MR Boost变换器

本文提出了一种基于PWM控制的ZVS Boost变换器．采用开关管的寄生电容作为谐振电容．通过多谐振在开关管开通前将其寄生电容放电，避免了开通时的电容放电造成的开通损耗。谐振前对谐振电感放电以避免谐振电流尖峰．并采用无源箝位限制谐振电压．使得该变换器具有与传统PWM硬开关变换器相同的电压、电流应力。     

高效率准谐振Buck变换器设计与研究

电感电流临界连续工作模式(BCM)Buck变换器,在电感电流下降到零时,输出滤波电感和开关管并联电容谐振即准谐振(Quasi Resonant)(QR)。在开关管两端电压谐振到零的时候开通开关管,则可以实现零电压零电流开通(ZVS/ZCS)。本文通过详细分析输出电感与开关管并联电容的谐振过程,得出开关管两端电压为零的时间,并且通过设计延时电路,以保证输入电压变化时依然能够实现零电压和零电流开通(ZVS/ZCS)。在开关管关断时由于开关管两端并联了谐振电容,可近似认为是零电压关断。而且Buck变换器工作于BCM模式时输出滤波电感体积小,动态响应速度变快,二极管自然关断,没有反向恢复损耗。最后设计了一台3kW的原理样机,最高效率可以达到98.7%。     

谐振开关电容变换器新型PWM控制策略

谐振开关电容变换器（Resonant Switched Capacitor converter RSCC）具有零电流开关的优点，但其输出电压的调节能力差。为了控制谐振开关电容变换器的输出电压，该文提出一种新型的PWM控制方式，它通过调整开关电容的充电时间（放电时间固定不变）来控制输出电压，使输出电压在输入电压和/或负载变化的情况下基本保持恒定。而且大部分开关器件仍保留零电流开关特性，因此具有开关电流应力低、EMI小等优点。该文以一个降压式谐振开关电容变换器为研究对象，详细分析了其工作过程和稳态特性，并制作了一台12V/5V/2A的实验样机控制系统，验证了该PWM控制方法的正确性和可行性。     

有源箝位软开关全桥Boost变换器

提出一种含有源箝位辅助电路的软开关全桥Boost变换器,其利用电感与电容谐振实现主开关管的零电流开通与零电压关断。有源箝位电路即可抑制变换器工作时可能出现的电压过冲,又可将箝位电容吸收的能量返还回主电路,且箝位开关管以零电压方式开通与关断。输出端采用倍压整流,可以降低变压器匝比。最后利用硬件实验波形验证了所述变换器的有源箝位和软开关特性。     

一种新型的有源软开关变换器

为实现一种结构简单,高效,高频,低的电压应力,简于控制的软开关升压变换器,提出一种有源辅助谐振换流新型软开关变换器,即通过采用简单的有源辅助谐振网络实现了主、辅开关管的软开关,主开关管实现了零电压零电流开通、零电压关断,开关管电流电压应力小,辅助开关管实现了零电压零电流关断、零电流开通,特别适用于以绝缘栅双极型晶体管(...     

高频LLC谐振变换器的效率优化

随着电力电子功率器件的发展,功率变换器向着高频、模块化发展。LLC谐振变换器由于拓扑结构简单且能在全负载范围内实现开关管的零电压开通和副边二极管的零电流关断,损耗小、效率高,可逐渐应用于高频场合,从而成为业界的研究热点。随着工作频率的提高,原先在传统LLC中被忽略的寄生电容不仅会影响原边开关管的软开关过程而且还会使得谐振电流发生畸变。分析了寄生电容对变换器软开关的影响且对死区时间进行优化设计,以提高变换器的效率。研制了一台功率为250 W,工作频率为400 kHz的LLC谐振变换器原理样机,并进行了实验验证。     

电除尘高压电源LCC变换器电流断续模式分析

为了克服串联谐振、并联谐振及LCC串并联谐振连续模式应用于高压大功率静电除尘电源方面的不足,采用LCC串并联电流断续模式进行设计。基于断续电流模式下的电路模型,采用时域状态法对串并联谐振变换器工作方式进行分析和数学描述,推导得出了变换器特性解析表达式,探讨了串并联电容比值对变换器输出电压的影响,深入研究了电流断续电流模式下变换器的电压增益以及效率特性。结果表明:电流断续工作模式实现了开关管的全时零电流开通及零电流/零电压关断;增加串并联电容的比值m,可以增大输出电压,但会降低效率;在一定的范围内增大开关频率可增大电压基准增益进而提高效率。仿真及样机实验表明:所做理论分析正确,将采用电流断续工作模式的LCC变换器在应用于电除尘高压大功率电源可行。     

基于新型箝位电路的低电压应力零电流开关半桥PWM变换器

提出一种基于新颖箝位支路的零电流开关半桥PWM变换器。与传统的不对称半桥变换器相比,该变换器在变压器的副边电路中增加了一条由辅助开关管与谐振电容串联组成的辅助支路。该变换器不仅能在整个负载范围内实现主开关管和辅助开关管的零电流开关以及所有二极管的零电压开关;而且通过无源箝位支路,消除了辅助开关管和整流二极管的电压尖峰;采用对称控制,因此变压器不存在电流偏磁,且主开关管的电压应力相等。详细分析箝位支路的工作原理和变换器的工作特性,并给出实现软开关的条件,实验结果验证了该变换器的可行性。     

移相全桥零电压开关PWM电路的技术研究

针对普通的DC/DC全桥变换器电路,四个主开关管工作在硬开关工作状态,导致开关管开关损耗大和变换器效率低等缺点,研究了移相全桥DC/DC零电压开关PWM电路通过在主电路中增加谐振电感、谐振电容以及二极管,实现四个开关管的零电压开通.相比于普通的DC/DC全桥变换电路,移相全桥DC/DC零电压开关PWM电路使主电路中的四个开关管都处在软开关状态,减少开关损耗和提高系统的效率,同时消除了由于开关温升上升引起的干扰,确保了整个系统的可靠性.最后通过仿真试验验证理论分析的可行性.     

准谐振软开关双管反激变换器

在传统双管反激变换器基础上,通过引入谐振网络,并用开关管替换一次侧的一个钳位二极管,提出一种准谐振软开关双管反激变换器。该变换器具有双管反激变换器的优点,所有开关管电压应力钳位在输入电压,因此可选取低电压等级、低导通电阻MOSFET以提高变换器的效率、降低成本;利用谐振电感与隔直电容谐振,实现变换器全部开关管的零电压导通(ZVS),减小了开关管的开通损耗。同时漏感能量回馈到输入电源,减小了谐振电感电流的反向峰值,降低了开关管的关断损耗,进一步提高变换器的效率。本文研究变换器工作在励磁电感电流单向工作模式时的工作原理和工作特性,重点分析开关管电压、电流应力及其ZVS条件。最后,设计一台60W的实验样机,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Zero-current Switching Series Resonant High-voltage DC-DC Converter with Series-connected Primary Windings of Center-tapped Transformer

Abstract—This article proposes a novel zero-current switching series resonant inverter-fed voltage multiplier based high-voltage DC-DC converter. The series resonant inverter in the proposed topology has two power switches (insulated-gate bipolar transistors), two resonant capacitors, and only one high-voltage transformer with center-tapped primary windings. The power switches are connected in the form of a half-bridge network. The leakage inductances of the transformer's primary windings together with resonant capacitors form two series resonant circuits. The series resonant circuits are fed alternately by operating power switches with an interleaved half-switching cycle. The secondary winding of the high-voltage transformer is connected to a voltage multiplier circuit to rectify and boost the voltage. The converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode, and its output voltage is regulated by pulse-frequency modulation. Therefore, all the power switches turn ON and OFF at the zero-current switching condition. The main features of the proposed converter are lower power loss, less cost, and smaller size compared to previously proposed series resonant high-voltage DC-DC converters. The experimental results of a 130-W prototype of the proposed converter are presented both for dynamic and steady-state operation. The results confirm the excellent operation and performance of the converter.     

Series resonant high‐voltage DC–DC converter with reduced component count

This paper proposes a novel zero‐current‐switching series resonant high‐voltage DC–DC converter with reduced component count. The series resonant inverter in the proposed topology has two power switches (insulated‐gate bipolar transistors, IGBTs), two resonant capacitors, and only one high‐voltage transformer (HVT) with center‐tapped primary windings. The power switches are connected in the form of a half‐bridge network. The leakage inductances of the transformer's primary windings together with the resonant capacitors form two series resonant circuits. The series resonant circuits are fed alternately by operating the power switches with interleaved half switching cycle. The secondary winding of the HVT is connected to a bridge rectifier circuit to rectify the secondary voltage. The converter operates in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and its output voltage is regulated by pulse frequency modulation. Therefore, all the power switches turn on and off at the zero‐current switching condition. The main features of the proposed converter are its lower core loss, lower cost, and smaller size compared to previously proposed double series resonant high voltage DC–DC converters. The experimental results of a 130‐W prototype of the proposed converter are presented. The results confirm the excellent operation and performance of the converter. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A novel active‐clamp zero‐voltage‐switching buck‐boost converter

An active‐clamp zero‐voltage‐switching (ZVS) buck‐boost converter is proposed in this paper to improve the performance of converter in light load condition. By employing a small resonant inductor, the ZVS range of switches could be adjusted to very light load condition. Moreover, 2 clamping capacitors are added in the converter to eliminate the voltage spike on the switches during transition. The operating principle of the proposed converter is analyzed, and the optimal design guide for full range ZVS is also provided. A 60‐W output prototype is experimentally built and tested in laboratory to verify the feasibility of proposed converter. The measured results show the critical ZVS operation of power switches at 1 and 0.7‐W output power for buck and boost mode, respectively. The peak conversion efficiency is up to 92.3%.     

LLC resonant DC–DC converter with series‐connected primary windings of transformer

This paper proposes a zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) LLC resonant step up DC–DC converter with series‐connected primary windings of the transformer. The series resonant inverter in the proposed topology has two power switches (MOSFETs), two resonant capacitors, two resonant inductors, and only one transformer with center‐tapped primary windings. The power switches are connected in the form of a half‐bridge network. Resonant capacitors and inductors along with the primary windings of the transformer form two series resonant circuits. The series resonant circuits are fed alternately by operating the power switches with an interleaved half switching cycle. The secondary winding of transformer is connected to a bridge rectifier circuit to rectify the output voltage. The converter operates within a narrow frequency range below the resonance frequency to achieve ZVS, and its output power is regulated by pulse frequency modulation. The converter has lower conduction and switching losses and therefore higher efficiency. The experimental results of a 500‐W prototype of proposed converter are presented. The results confirm the good operation and performance of the converter. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Analysis and Implementation of an Interleaved ZVS Converter with High Input Voltage

An interleaved half‐bridge converter is presented for high input voltage application. The features of the proposed converter are zero voltage switching (ZVS) turn‐on for all active switches, ripple current reduction at output side, load current sharing and load voltage regulation. Two half‐bridge converters connected in series and two split capacitors are used to limit the voltage stress of each power switch at one‐half of input DC bus voltage. Thus, active switches with low voltage stress can be used at high input voltage application. On the other hand, the output sides of two half‐bridge converters are connected in parallel to share the load current and reduce the current stresses of the secondary windings and the rectifier diodes. Since two half‐bridge converters are operated with interleaved pulse‐width modulation (PWM), the output ripple current can partially cancel each other such that the resultant ripple current at output side is reduced and the size of output inductors can be reduced. In each half‐bridge converter, asymmetrical PWM scheme is used to regulate the output voltage. Based on the resonant behavior by the output capacitance of MOSFETs and the leakage inductance (or external inductance) of transformers, active switches can be turned on at ZVS during the transition interval. Thus, the switching losses of power MOSFETs are reduced. The proposed converter can be applied for high input voltage applications such as three‐phase 380‐V utility system. Finally, experiments based on a laboratory prototype with 960‐W rated power are provided to demonstrate the performance of proposed converter. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

零电压开关PWM组合式三电平变换器的优化策略

零电压开关(zero-voltage-switching，ZVS) PWM 组合式三电平变换器利用变压器的漏感(或外加谐振电感)和开关管的结电容可以实现开关管的ZVS，同时副边整流电压高频分量小，可以大幅度减小输出滤波器。由于该变换器包含2个变压器，并存在2种工作模式，因此设计相对灵活。为了使变换器获得最佳的工作性能，该文从控制策略和变压器变比两方面对该变换器提出若干优化策略，同时给出具体设计实例，并进行了实验验证。     

ZVS DC/DC converter with series half‐bridge legs for high voltage application

This paper presents a new DC/DC converter with series half‐bridge legs for high voltage application. Two half‐bridge legs connected in series and two split capacitors are used in the proposed circuit to limit the voltage stress of each active switch at one‐half of input voltage. Thus, active switches with low voltage stress can be used at high DC bus application. In the proposed converter, two circuit modules are operated with an interleaved pulse‐width modulation scheme to reduce the input and output ripple currents and to achieve load current sharing. In each circuit module, two resonant tanks are operated with phase‐shift one‐half of switching cycle such that the frequency of the input current is twice the frequency of the resonant inductor current. Based on the resonant behavior, all MOSFETs are turned on at zero voltage switching with the wide ranges of input voltage and load conditions. The rectifier diodes can be turned off at zero current switching if the switching frequency is less than the series resonant frequency. Thus, the switching losses on power semiconductors are reduced. The proposed converter can be applied for high input voltage applications such as three‐phase 380‐V utility system. Finally, experiments based on a laboratory prototype with 960‐W rated power are provided to demonstrate the performance of proposed converter. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

适合大电流输入高压输出的软开关直流变换器

首先,提出了一种LLC谐振的软开关直流变换器,其中原边包含4个开关管、2个变压器绕组和1个耦合电容,并利用耦合电容构造了2个变压器绕组同时工作的回路,实现了两者的均流;副边包含2个二极管和2个谐振电容,构成了一个谐振式倍压电路;然后,利用变压器漏感、励磁电感和谐振电容产生LLC谐振来传递能量,各开关管能实现零电流开通,二极管零电流关断,且承受的反向电压为输出电压,关断损耗也很小;最后,分析了电路各阶段的工作原理,推导了电压增益特性,并设计了一款22~28 V输入、360 V输出、额定负载800 W的样机。实验测试结果证明,电路最高效率达到93.5%,同时也证明了电路的有效性。     

零电压开关PWM组合式三电平变换器的箝位策略

零电压开关(zero-voltage-switching,ZVS)PWM组合式三电平变换器利用变压器的漏感(或外加谐振电感)和开关管的结电容可以实现开关管的ZVS,但在副边整流二极管存在反向恢复引起的电压振荡和尖峰。为了解决该问题,该文将2种基本箝位网络应用于该变换器中,提出一族箝位策略;在这些箝位策略中选择出2种可行的方案,不仅有效地消除在三电平模式和两电平模式下副边整流管的电压尖峰,同时保留原有变换器的所有优点。该文分析了引入箝位网络后变换器的工作原理和特点,并进行了实验验证。     

Analysis,design and implementation of a high‐voltage gain DC‐DC converter

An interleaved DC‐DC converter with soft switching technique is presented. There are two converter modules in the adopted circuit to share the load power. Since the interleaved pulse‐width modulation (PWM) is adopted to control two circuit modules, the ripple currents at input and output sides are naturally reduced. Therefore the input and output capacitances can be reduced. In each circuit module, a conventional boost converter and a voltage doubler configuration with a coupled inductor are connected in series at the output side to achieve high step‐up voltage conversion ratio. Active snubber connected in parallel with boost inductor is adopted to limit voltage stress on active switch and to release the energy stored in the leakage and magnetizing inductances. Since asymmetrical PWM is used to control active switches, the leakage inductance and output capacitance of active switches are resonant in the transition interval. Thus, both active switches can be turned on at zero voltage switching. The resonant inductance and output capacitances at the secondary side of transformer are resonant to achieve zero current switching turn‐off for rectifier diodes. Therefore, the reverse recovery losses of fast recovery diodes are reduced. Finally, experiments based on a laboratory prototype rated at 400 W are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.