脉冲电晕放电等离子体降解含4-氯酚废水

考察了多种因素对高压脉冲电晕放电等离子体降解废水中4-氯酚效果的影响,同时对4-氯酚降解过程动力学进行了研究.提高脉冲电压峰值和气体的流量以及降低废水溶液的电导率均可提高4-氯酚的降解效果,而醇类化合物的存在将明显降低4-氯酚的降解率.4-氯酚的降解过程符合一级反应,降解速率常数与降解温度的关系符合Arrhenius公式.当废水的初始pH值为7.0、电导率为80μS•cm^-1、脉冲电压峰值为30kV、放电频率为60Hz、放电电极直径为0.6mm、放电距离为3.0cm时,指前因子A=1.365×10-2min^-1,实验活化能E_a= 5.129kJ•mol^-1.得到了降解速率常数与脉冲电压峰值、放电频率、放电距离和初始氧气流量的关系.     

脉冲电晕放电等离子体降解苯酚废水的研究

考察了多种因素对高压脉冲电晕放电等离子体降解废水中苯酚效果的影响，同时对苯酚降解过程动力学进行了研究，提高脉冲电压峰值和气体的流量以及降低废水溶液的电导率均可提高苯酚的降解率，而醇类化合物的存在却明显降低苯酚的降解效果，苯酚的降解过程符合1级反应，降解速率常数（k)与降解温度（T）的关系符合Arrhenius公式，即C＝C0exp(-kt),k=Aexp(-Ea/RT)。当废水的初始pH值和电导率分别为7．0和80uS.cm^-1，脉冲峰压和放电频率分别为32kV和60Hz，放电电极直径和放电距离分别为0．6mm和3．0cm时，指前因子A＝36．0min^-1，表观活化能Ea=24.7kJ.mol^-1。     

高压脉冲放电降解4-氯酚废水的实验研究

采用多针-板高压脉冲气液两相放电反应系统处理难降解的4-氯酚废水,并运用控制变量方法确定多种工艺参数的最佳值。考察了中间产物浓度变化情况、溶液矿化率、总有机碳浓度(TOC),并对4-氯酚的降解过程进行分析研究。实验结果表明:在脉冲电压26 kV、脉冲频率70 Hz、电极间距1.0 cm、曝气量4 L/min的情况下,150 mg/L的4-氯酚废水溶液放电处理90 min后降解率为67.25%。在放电过程中溶液导电性较高对活性粒子的生成有抑制作用导致溶液矿化率较低。整个放电过程中,溶液TOC整体呈缓慢下降趋势,中间产物浓度先增大后减小,其中峰值浓度最高的是4-氯邻苯二酚,峰值浓度最低的是对苯酚。     

高压脉冲放电等离子体降解苯酚废水

考察了多种因素对高压脉冲放电低温等离子体降解水中苯酚效果的影响。降低放电电极直径、放电距离、废水的电导率和提高废水的pH值以及向废水中通气体和加入硫酸亚铁等均可提高废水中苯酚的降解速率 ,而加入碳酸钠则会降低苯酚的降解速率。初始质量浓度为 10 0mg/L的苯酚废水经放电处理 180min后降解率达 5 0 9%。     

高压脉冲放电等离子体降解有机废水数学模型

采用无因次化方法将脉冲放电过程中4-氯酚的降解率及其影响因素进行关联,建立降解过程的数学模型,该模型可以较好地预测脉冲放电过程中废水中4-氯酚降解率及质量浓度的变化,并且能够在一定程度上反映出脉冲放电等离子体降解有机物过程的内在特性。     

大气压介质阻挡放电降解4-氯酚废水的试验研究

采用大气压介质阻挡放电等离子体技术,对4-氯酚(4-CP)水溶液进行了降解处理,研究了放电参数对4-CP降解效率以及过氧化氢产生量的影响,并对降解动力学进行了分析。结果表明,当电源电压为160 V、电流为0.5 A、介质间距为5 mm时,4-CP的降解效果最好;随着电压、电流的提高,间距的减小,过氧化氢的生成量增加;Fe2+对4-CP的去除有明显的催化作用。动力学研究表明,4-CP的质量浓度低于200 mg·L-1时降解为1级反应,高于400mg·L-1时为0级反应。     

电晕放电等离子体性质研究

综述了国内外电晕放电理论研究成果,利用实验装置观察不同参数下的电晕放电,实验结果验证了电晕放电理论。     

电催化与紫外光辐射降解氯酚

Chlorinated organic compounds, especially chlorophenols are well-known water priority pollutant family due to their toxicity and potential health hazard. As biological treatment processes for the degradation of chlorinated phenols have not been effective, various technologies and processes such as activated carbon adsorption[1], chemical oxidation[2], have been conventionally attempted for phenolic waster treatment. Recently, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted a great deal of attention for treatment of phenolic wastewater, among these chemical oxidation ultraviolet (UV) oxidation system[3], anodic oxidation and indirect electro-oxidation have been widely studied[4]. Though a number of researchers worked on the degradation of chlorophenol by UV radiation or electrochemical processes, there are few reports on both methods for organic wastewater treatment. If these two processes can operate in harmony, the degradation efficiency would be enhanced.     

脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术在水体污染控制中的研究现状及前景展望

低温等离子体技术在水处理领域的应用尚处于研究阶段,但因其处理效率高和无二次污染而有着广泛的应用前景,且脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术又是其中处理效果最好的一种,作者从多个角度阐述了脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术在水污染控制中的研究现状,并进行了前景展望.     

Degradation of Eosin Y in Water by Corona Treatment with a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

Corona treatment of Eosin Y-contaminated water by using a dielectric material that covers the ground electrode to avoid spark discharge (causing erosion), reduce charge leakage, and improve the electric field (as stored electrons and charges) was investigated. Elimination of the organic pollutant by gas-phase discharge above the liquid surface in a point-to-plate configuration with multiple needle electrodes was studied. Eosin Y was chosen as model contaminant because of its toxicity and structure that is hard to degrade. Variables such as solution conductivity, dye concentration, pH, air gap, number of needles, and electrode materials were considered. The degree of removal increases with increasing acidity, decreasing concentration, and increasing number of pins.     

辉光放电等离子体对农药毒性的消除作用

研究了辉光放电等离子体在不同酸度、不同温度和催化剂存在时对水体中农药克百威、甲基对硫磷毒性的消除作用。结果表明,在直流电压为600V,电流范围为145～155mA的条件下产生辉光放电等离子体处理两种农药水溶液,溶液的毒性降低,弱酸弱碱条件毒性降低更快,Fe2+的催化有利毒性降低,高温对去除毒性不利。     

Oxidation of Aqueous Paracetamol by Pulsed Corona Discharge

Oxidation of paracetamol in aqueous solution was studied by using pulsed corona discharge as a means for advanced oxidation. Pulse repetition frequency, the delivered energy dose, and oxidation media were the main parameters evaluated. The pulsed corona discharge treatment appeared to be effective in oxidation of paracetamol: complete degradation of target pollutant together with partial mineralization was achieved at moderate energy consumption; oxidation proceeds faster in alkaline media, the fastest oxidation rate was observed in oxygen-enriched air. Low-molecular carboxylic acids were identified as the products formed in the reaction.     

Corona Discharge Treatment of Polyolefins

The effects of corona discharge treatment on polyethylene and polypropylene homopolymers have been studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine surface compositions which were related to surface free energy estimates from contact angle measurements. Changes in composition and surface free energy were measured as a function of treatment level. The work of adhesion was seen to increase with oxygen incorporation. The increase was not linear and this is attributed to an increase in the degree of sub-surface to near-surface oxidation at intense treatment levels. Aging of samples followed by XPS and contact angle measurement showed that surface wettability is reduced whereas a slight increase in surface oxygen was found. This phenomenon was attributed to the reorientation/migration of functional groups. Morphological examination by scanning electron microscopy indicated no surface roughening at any power level.     

常压低温DBD等离子对油田压裂废液中胍胶的降解研究

研究了低温等离子体放电参数(放电时间、电极间距、电流、电压等)对胍胶降解的影响规律,表明胍胶的降解效果(以粘度、COD等为考察指标)与等离子的放电参数线性相关,等离子体活性物种的经时效应对胍胶的降解具有促进作用。     

可里印耐低温流延聚丙烯包装膜电晕处理研究

采用3层流延共挤工艺,研究了不同抗静电剂对流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜润湿张力的影响,以及电晕处理功率、处理方式对薄膜润湿张力的影响。结果表明,添加牌号为ASPA 2446OB DC的抗静电剂,采用双站电晕处理的方法制得的双面爽滑的CPP薄膜30d后的润湿张力可保持在38mN/m以上,该薄膜既可里印又可热封,可不经复合直接用于低温包装。     

电晕放电在气固流化床内静电控制中的应用

通过冷模实验,对比研究了施加电晕放电前后气固流化床内场强、颗粒荷质比和静电势的变化。实验发现,施加负电晕放电前,场强、颗粒荷质比和静电势均为正值,且随着气速的增大而增大;施加负电晕放电后,场强、颗粒荷质比和静电势均出现不同程度的下降,且下降幅度随着气速的增大而增大,达到平衡静电势所用的时间也随气速的增大而增大。实验结果表明,电晕放电可以用于气固流化床内的静电控制。