蜂窝铝异面压缩变形的有限元分析

考虑蜂窝铝结构细部特征,建立了基于壳单元的有限元模型,利用壳单元模型研究了蜂窝铝的异面压缩特性,验证了蜂窝铝壳单元模型的有效性。利用PAM-CRASH材料库中的41号材料建立蜂窝铝实体有限元模型,由壳单元模型推导计算材料本构关系中的各项参数。对蜂窝铝实体单元模型进行分析,通过将壳单元与实体单元模型进行对比,获得了应力-应变曲线和能量吸收曲线,发现可以利用实体单元模型替代壳单元模型,进行蜂窝铝异面压缩变形的有限元分析。仿真计算结果表明,相较于考虑蜂窝铝结构细部特征的壳单元模型,蜂窝铝实体单元模型计算规模更小,能够大幅缩短计算时间,提高计算效率。     

基于壳单元的侧碰移动可变形壁障研究

采用壳单元技术,参照蜂窝铝的真实窝孔结构,建立基于壳单元的侧碰移动可变形壁障(Moving deformable barrier,MDB)有限元模型;针对1∶1尺寸建模导致模型规模过大的问题,进行窝孔及单元尺寸等比例扩大,将单元规模缩减到原来的1/5;应用静态异面压缩仿真,对单元厚度与压缩强度进行参数化研究,合理匹配窝孔及单元尺寸扩大之后的单元厚度,确保模型缩放前后的静态压缩力学性能达到一致;针对动态试验压缩强度大于静态试验的现象,采用简易气囊模拟MDB窝孔中空气受压缩的率效应;结合侧碰试验中的蜂窝铝失效现象,设置铝箔的材料失效以及铝箔、前面板之间粘胶的材料失效;对所建立的壳单元MDB模型进行零部件级别与整车级别的试验验证,结果表明壳单元MDB模型具有很高的精度。     

基于Pamcrash的蜂窝铝异面压缩仿真与验证

为了得到与实验一致性较好的蜂窝铝有限元模型,利用Hypermesh和Pamcrash软件联合仿真,以软件材料库中105号壳单元为基础,建立了蜂窝铝模型,模拟蜂窝铝异面匀速压缩过程;通对比触发力、平台力、吸能量和压实应变,验证仿真模型。对比结果表明,仿真模型与实验试件的主要变形模式相同,仿真数据与实验数据吻合。在考察蜂窝铝异面压缩吸能能力的情况下,所建立的蜂窝铝有限元模型能够代替实验试件,进行研究与设计。     

湿热环境下含脱粘损伤蜂窝夹芯材料弯曲性能研究

通过使用三明治夹芯等效理论将蜂窝芯层等效为均匀连续的实体单元,将湿热环境中的湿应力等效为热应力,建立湿热环境下的蜂窝夹芯材料本构方程,以改进Hashin准则与Besant准则作为蜂窝夹芯材料的失效判据,并通过编写VUMAT子程序实现.采用Cohesive单元模拟面板与芯层间的连接方式建立湿热环境下蜂窝夹芯板的有限元模型...     

蜂窝夹层结构拉脱破坏的有限元分析

采用有限元模拟方法分析了蜂窝夹层结构拉脱破坏的机理,并通过试验对其进行了验证。结果表明:使用Usdfld定义的失效模型能够准确地预测蜂窝夹层结构的失效过程;在加载过程中,对整个结构的失效起决定作用的是与灌封胶接触部位的蜂窝材料的剪切失效破坏,蜂窝芯材剪切失效破坏导致了材料的形变突增,最后影响周边的复合材料面板发生基体失效破坏,整个失效过程基本不发生纤维拉伸失效;模拟结果与试验结果比较吻合。     

碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料圆管轴向压溃分层失效仿真

为了模拟单向碳纤维增强复合材料圆管的压溃失效形式及吸能特性,对圆管进行轴向压溃试验,获得圆管的压溃失效形式及压溃载荷-位移曲线。采用单层壳单元模型进行压溃仿真,确定MAT54材料模型中非试验可测量参数。建立多层壳单元模型,基于Tiebreak接触模拟分层失效,研究网格划分尺寸及壳单元层数对压溃失效形式的影响,通过与试验结果对比验证所建立模型的准确性。研究表明参数YCFAC和SOFT影响压溃载荷-位移曲线的峰值载荷和平均压溃载荷。网格尺寸和壳单元层数影响圆管的失效形式,网格尺寸越小,分层失效和基体开裂现象越明显。随着壳单元层数增加,初始峰值载荷呈递减趋势,所需计算时间呈指数型增长趋势。综合考虑计算成本和预测准确性,采用4层壳单元模型能够准确预测碳纤维圆管的轴向压溃性能和分层失效。     

负泊松比蜂窝动态压溃行为的有限元模拟

采用有限元数值模拟方法,研究了负泊松比蜂窝在不同冲击速度下的变形模式和能量吸收等动力学响应特性。数值模拟结果表明,在动态冲击下,负泊松比行为的产生机制与静态加载下一致,仍为孔壁的内凹和旋转,同时解释了交错排布的三角形和正方形蜂窝在中低速冲击下所表现出的缩颈现象。此外,数值模拟结果还使我们对二维负泊松比多孔材料的动态力学性能和能量吸收性能有了一定的认识,也为进一步研究三维负泊松比泡沫材料的冲击行为奠定了基础。     

金属板料冲压成形的数值模拟

本文采用有限元动力显式算法模拟金属板料冲压成形的加工过程。四结点蜕化壳单元和刚体壳单元分别用来建立权和模具的有限元模型;更新Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ法和速率型本构关系被用来处理板料变形中的大应变和大转动;材料模型采用塑性各向异性屈服与等向强化模型;通过主从面模型定义板料和模具的接触,接触算法采用运动约束法,摩擦力用库仓定律计算;并利用动力松弛法对回弹过程进行了计算。模拟结果和实际零件比较,证明模型合理,算法稳定,结果可靠,具有良好的应用价值。     

第三代超高强钢QP1180硬化与失效行为研究

超高强钢材料是当前汽车上应用最广泛的轻量化材料,精确预测其在整车碰撞过程中的失效风险是目前行业内面临的主要挑战。以第三代超高强钢QP1180为研究对象,采用修正的幂函数硬化模型(MPL模型)来描述变n值类材料的硬化行为,并采用液压胀形方法来验证不同硬化模型外推准确性。设计了5种不同应力状态加载工况,通过DIC测量方法获得了QP1180材料在试验加载工况下断裂极限应变,基于试验数据完成了MMC断裂极限准则参数拟合,通过优化方法完成GISSMO损伤模型参数识别,并进一步设计了帽型梁特征件三点弯曲试验来验证失效特性表征结果。结果表明,MPL硬化模型直接外推预测精度明显优于Swift与H-S模型,更适用于QP1180材料;在复杂非线性应变路径下,GISSMO损伤模型可以较好预测材料的失效行为。     

基于多折叠单元理论的蜂窝纸板面外压缩数值模拟

通过原纸拉伸试验获取蜂窝纸板的材料参数，建立蜂窝纸板的有限元简化模型(Y单元模型),采用有限元方法对该模型进行准静态加速压缩模拟，并与蜂窝纸板的面外准静态压缩试验结果进行对比；采用该模拟方法研究蜂窝孔边长、纸板厚度和胞壁厚度对Y单元折叠模式的影响。结果表明：Y单元模型经准静态加速压缩模拟得到的形貌与试验结果相吻合，压缩应力-应变曲线中平台应力的模拟结果与试验结果的相对误差为3.87%,验证了该模型的可靠性；不同规格的Y单元模型在压缩后共出现3种折叠模式，蜂窝孔边长和纸板厚度是影响Y单元折叠模式的2个关键因素。1/2蜂窝孔边长与一次折叠褶皱波长的比值会影响Y单元的一次折叠模式，而双层胞壁与单层胞壁的厚度差是导致多折叠模式发生的主要原因。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.