浅义D301JY型自动缫丝机

文章对浙江金鹰股份有限公司研制的D301JY型自动缫丝机作了简单介绍和分析。     

D301B型自动缫丝机的技术改造

本文剖析了D301B型自动缫丝机在使用过程中发现的问题，并针对这些问题参照最新型自动缫丝机的优点提出了D301B型自动缫丝机技术改造的必要性、可行性和改造方案，以供D301B机型的用户参考。     

D301A型自动缫丝机在我厂的应用

为实施企业“八五”技改项目,经过反复调研,决定采用杭州纺织机械总厂生产的D301A型自动缫丝机。第一组D301A型自动缫丝机于去年8月份安装投入使用,为了掌握该机性能和积累管理经验,作了D301A型与D101型自动缫丝机在同原料、同煮茧工艺条件连续三个月4批原料的生产实践对比,其生产结果与商检结果证实D301A型自动缫丝机在产品质量、单位产量、原料消耗     

D301A型及B型自动缫丝机技术讲座──第一讲 D301A(B)型自动缫丝机的结构、工作原理及性能特点

D301A型自动缫丝机已在我国缫丝行业得到了推广和应用。1995年杭州纺织机械总厂在广泛吸收科技界及用户意见的基础上，对D301A型又作了若干改进，推出D3OIB型自动缫丝机。现将该机两种机型的主要机构，工作原理及性能特点作一简介。一、D301A（B）型自动缫丝机的总体布置（一）结构及工作原理1．纵向结构及工作原理该机构的纵向结构组成如图1所示。全机两端各设置一台索理绪机和分离图ID301A（B）型自动博丝机纵向结构组成1．电动机及主传动箱及自动深量机构3．自动加茧机构也丝辫及大笼5．捞针已偏心盘精理机构7．锯齿片调理机构8．…     

D3O1A自动缫工艺管理的几个关键

通过现场调查四川中江永安丝厂和重庆永川丝绸厂的D301A型自动缫丝机，着重分析了D301A运转时经常容易被忽略而对工序、产、质量有较大影响的几个关键问题，并提出了相应的措施及管理办法。     

D301络绞箱在ZD647自动缫丝机上的应用

我们将D301自动缫丝机上的络绞机构移用在ZD647缫丝机上进行试验,经过二年的实践,作了适当的改进,基本上获得成功,我厂十组自动缫丝机已全部装上了D301络绞箱,更改的内容是:1.针对ZD647自动缫小(?)的宽度比     

D301B型自动缫丝机使用效果分析

对D301B型自动缫丝机的使用情况与同类机型D101B、D301A进行了对比分析,结果显示：D30lB在实缫中产量高、性能优、产品质量好。此外．并就D301B在使用中应注意的事项提出了建议。     

D301A型自动缫丝机的技术改造

通过对D301B型自动缫丝机中的改进零部件和主要机构的性能剖析，阐明了D301B型自动缫丝机技术改造的必要性和可能性，提出了技术改造的3种方案，供有关缫丝厂参考。     

D301型系列自动缫丝机缫丝操作重点分析

本文根据D301型系列自动缫丝机的结构特点，指出了缫丝挡车工、车头工等操作人员在生产操作中的重点。     

D301A型自动缫丝机生丝纤度控制机构的调整

D301A型生丝纤度控制机构是D301A型自动缫丝机的核心机构,要充分发挥该机构的设计性能,缫制优质生丝,须在安装使用中加强管理、及时发现故障、正确调整处理。文章对D301A型生丝纤度控制机构——纤度感知器、探索机构和给茧机的调整及其使用中产生故障的原因、处理方法等作了分析介绍。     

Characteristics of calcium-phosphorus metabolism and vitamin D allowance in the Far North

Examination of children aged 3 to 17 years and adult population including parturients living in Naryan-Mar and northern settlements of the Nenets national district revealed the reduced calcium and elevated phosphorus concentrations in the blood serum of the examinees as compared with respective parameters in analogous population groups living in the middle zone of Russia (Moscow and Kazan). These changes, particularly marked in winter and spring, are determined by national and local features of the diet poor in calcium and containing excess amount of phosphorus. The concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood serum of the population living in the Extreme North was 2 times lower than that in the population of the middle zone, constituting 15-20 and 30-40 ng/ml, respectively. The reason for a lower vitamin D supply in the North is insufficient insulation.     

Defects in 3D/4D food printing and their possible solutions: A comprehensive review

3D food printing has recently attracted significant attention, both from academic and industrial researchers, due to its ability to manufacture customized products in such terms as size, shape, texture, color, and nutrition to meet demands of individual consumers. 4D printing, which is a technique that allows evolution of various characteristics/properties of 3D printed objects over time through external stimulation, has also been gaining more attention. In order to produce defect-free printed objects via both 3D and 4D printing, it is necessary to first identify the causes of defects and then their mitigation strategies. Comprehensive review on these important issues is nevertheless missing. The purpose of this review is to investigate causes and characteristics of defects occurring during and/or after 3D food printing, with a focus on how different factors affect the printing accuracy. Various techniques that can potentially minimize or eliminate printing defects and produce high-quality 3D/4D printed food products without the need for time-consuming trial and error printing experiments are critically discussed. Guidelines to avoid defects to improve the efficiency of future 3D/4D printed food production are given.     

Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and characterized by neurological and cognitive manifestations. The disease is more common in populations living in high altitudes with low sun exposure, women more than men, and certain ethnic backgrounds more than others. The etiology of MS is yet unknown, although several factors have been implicated in its development. These include genetic factors and environmental factors as well as dietary components and their interactions. Among the dietary components that have recently attracted the attention is vitamin D. This mini-review summarizes current knowledge on the potential use of vitamin D in the protection and treatment of MS. In addition, the mechanism(s) by which vitamin D plays a role in the development and/or protection from MS are discussed.     

生物印刷电子材料的研究进展

随着近年来数字建模技术、机电控制技术、信息技术、材料科学与化学等诸多前沿科技的快速发展,三维（3D）打印成了当今最热门的研究方向之一,并被称为可能掀起新一次的工业革命,其应用领域也随着技术的进步而不断扩展。3D打印结合生物工程技术即生物印刷技术,在生物医药领域有广泛的应用前景。刚起步的生物印刷电子材料技术是将碳纳米管、石墨烯、导电高分子或水凝胶等具有电活性的材料,用印刷方法构建生物相容并有电刺激响应的2D和3D细胞培养和组织工程智能支架。适于进行3D生物印刷的导电材料及支架材料是研究工作的核心内容。本文主要简述了近年来以导电聚合物和水凝胶为主的可用于3D打印的生物印刷电子材料的研究进展,并对其在3D细胞培养和组织工程中的可能应用进行了探讨。     

丙酮酸对Bacillomycin D合成的影响及调控

目的:本文主要研究外源添加丙酮酸和过表达丙酮酸激酶（pyk）、乙酰辅酶A合成酶（acs）对Bacillomycin D合成的影响及调控作用。方法:本研究以B.amyloliquefaciens fmbJ为出发菌株,首先通过HPLC检测了外源添加不同浓度的丙酮酸对Bacillomycin D产量的影响,并通过RT-PCR检测了丙酮酸在此过程中的调控作用。然后通过电转化的方法构建了丙酮酸激酶和乙酰辅酶A合成酶的诱导型过表达菌株B.amyloliquefaciens fmbJ-pyk、fmbJ-acs,并研究了二者在不同浓度IPTG诱导下的Bacillomycin D产量。结果:0.075%的丙酮酸可将Bacillomycin D产量提高至对照组的1.41倍,Bacillomycin D合成基因的上调也证实了这一提高作用。此外,丙酮酸能够上调comA、comP、comQ、sigH、sigM、degU、degQ、spo0A、codY等调控因子的表达,下调rapC和abrB的表达,并促进乙酰辅酶A合成酶的表达,最终共同促进Bacillomycin D的合成。在50 mg/L的IPTG的诱导下,fmbJ-acs和fmbJ-pyk的Bacillomycin D产量也分别提高至fmbJ的1.16和1.34倍。结论:本研究发现外源添加丙酮酸以及过表达丙酮酸激酶和乙酰辅酶A合成酶可以促进Bacillomycin D的合成,揭示了丙酮酸在Bacillomycin D合成中的调控作用,为推进Bacillomycin D高效生产提供了新的研究思路。     

Effect of large oral and intravenous doses of vitamins D2 and D3 on vitamin D in milk

Vitamins D2 and D3 were measured in milk after high performance liquid chromatography of unsaponifiable lipids first on a silica column and then on a reverse-phase column. Milk from cows kept indoors contained barely detectable vitamin (less than 2 IU/100 ml) predominantly in the form of vitamin D3. When cows were given 5 or 10 million IU vitamin D3, maximums were in milk 3 to 7 days after oral doses and up to 10 days after intravenous injections. Maximums ranged from 7 to 90 IU/100 ml. Two cows were given given a mixture of 1 million IU vitamin D2 and 1 million IU vitamin D3 orally, and of the vitamins were maximum 2 to 3 days after the dose in blood plasma and a day later in milk. Equal amounts of the two forms of the vitamins were in milk, but vitamin D3 in plasma was double vitamin D2. Different mechanisms control concentrations of vitamins D2 and D3 in blood and milk after large doses.     

Impact of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Potato Puree-Food Additive Complexes on Extrusion-Based 3D Printing

This paper studies the applicability of extrusion-based 3D printing for constructing novel shapes from potato puree and the effects of four additives (agar, alginate, lecithin, and glycerol) added separately at three concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5%) on the internal strength, mechanical properties, microstructure, and color of potato puree. The printability of the potato puree and the mixtures was assayed by examining the consistency of the extrusions and the stability and accuracy of the printed patterns. The results indicate that better printing was achieved at a nozzle height of 0.5 cm and a nozzle diameter of 4 mm, with concentrations of alginate and agar between 0.5–1.5% and 0.5–1%, respectively, providing the best printability and end product stability, which was attributed to their respective high mechanical characteristics and specific mechanical energy (SME) values. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that more convolutions were induced in the potato puree upon the addition of agar or alginate, which increased the puree stability. 3D printing did not significantly affect the surface color parameters of the final product. This study showed that the 3D printing process is a critical factor for initializing the production of customized healthy products.     

新型圆轨道法的经纱上机设计

圆轨道法是三维筒状织物的新型成型方法。分析三维机织物的三种基本组织在构成三维筒状机织物时的特点,并以一种多层接结组织为例,详细介绍采用圆轨道法进行织造时不同的经纱上机方式,分析其各自的特点,以丰富和完善新型织造方法的应用。     

Assay for vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 in plasma of dairy cows: changes after massive dosing of vitamin D3.

A sensitive, precise assay for vitamin D in plasma is described. Three to five milliliters of plasma were extracted with methanol:methylene chloride (2:1). The lipid extract was chromatographed on Sephadex LH-20 and then on lipidex-5000 columns. After high pressure liquid chromatography with a reverse phase chromatographic system, vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 were quantitated by ultraviolet absorbance. We used this assay system for monitoring daily changes of vitamin D3 in plasma of two Jersey cows after four intramuscular doses (15 x 10(6) IU) of vitamin D3 administered at weekly intervals. Basal vitamin D in plasma was 3.2 +/- .99 ng/ml with a range of 1.7 to 4.9 ng/ml. Vitamin D3 in plasma remained relatively low (10 to 45 ng/ml) the week after the first vitamin D3 injection. Vitamin D3 was high (130 to 234 ng/ml) after the second, third, and fourth injections. Vitamin D3 decreased steadily to 88 ng/ml by 38 days after the fourth vitamin D3 injection. Phosphorus in plasma increased sharply to a plateau at 9.5 mg/100 ml during the week after the second vitamin D3 injection and returned to normal (4.5 mg/100 ml) at the end of the experiment. Calcium, however, gradually increased to 14.0 mg/100 ml 20 days after the fourth vitamin D3 injection. Both animals remained hypercalcemic (calcium 11.5 mg/100 ml) during the experiment.     

Effect of vitamin D source and amount on vitamin D status and response to endotoxin challenge

The objectives were to test the effects of dietary vitamin D₃ [cholecalciferol (CHOL)] compared with 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ [calcidiol (CAL)] on vitamin D status and response to an endotoxin challenge. Forty-five Holstein bull calves (5 ± 2 d of age) were blocked into weekly cohorts, fed a basal diet that provided 0.25 µg/kg body weight (BW) CHOL, and assigned randomly to 1 of 5 treatments: control [(CON) no additional vitamin D], 1.5 µg/kg BW CHOL (CHOL1.5), 3 µg/kg BW CHOL (CHOL3), 1.5 µg/kg BW CAL (CAL1.5), or 3 µg/kg BW CAL (CAL3). Calves were fed milk replacer until weaning at 56 d of age and had ad libitum access to water and starter grain throughout the experiment. Treatments were added daily to the diet of milk replacer until weaning and starter grain after weaning. Measures of growth, dry matter intake, and serum concentrations of vitamin D, Ca, Mg, and P were collected from 0 to 91 d of the experiment. At 91 d of the experiment, calves received an intravenous injection of 0.1 µg/kg BW lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Clinical and physiological responses were measured from 0 to 72 h relative to LPS injection. Data were analyzed with mixed models that included fixed effects of treatment and time, and random effect of block. Orthogonal contrasts evaluated the effects of (1) source (CAL vs. CHOL), (2) dose (1.5 vs. 3.0 µg/kg BW), (3) interaction between source and dose, and (4) supplementation (CON vs. all other treatments) of vitamin D. From 21 to 91 d of the experiment, mean BW of supplemented calves was less compared with CON calves, but the effect was predominantly a result of the CHOL calves, which tended to weigh less than the CAL calves. Supplementing vitamin D increased concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum compared with CON, but the increment from increasing the dose from 1.5 to 3.0 µg/kg BW was greater for CAL compared with CHOL (CON = 18.9, CHOL = 24.7 and 29.6, CAL = 35.6 and 65.7 ± 3.2 ng/mL, respectively). Feeding CAL also increased serum Ca and P compared with CHOL. An interaction between source and dose of treatment was observed for rectal temperature and derivatives of reactive metabolites after LPS challenge because calves receiving CHOL3 and CAL1.5 had lower rectal temperatures and plasma derivatives of reactive metabolites compared with calves receiving CHOL1.5 and CAL3. Supplementing vitamin D increased plasma P concentrations post-LPS challenge compared with CON, but plasma concentrations of Ca, Mg, fatty acids, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, haptoglobin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and antioxidant potential did not differ among treatments post-LPS challenge. Last, supplementing vitamin D increased granulocytes as a percentage of blood leukocytes post-LPS challenge compared with CON. Supplementing CAL as a source of vitamin D to dairy calves was more effective at increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca, and P concentrations compared with feeding CHOL. Supplemental source and dose of vitamin D also influenced responses to the LPS challenge.