共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Meat is a very complex and continuously changing ex vivo system of various high- and low-molecular substances that can be used for satisfying needs of the human organism for metabolic energy, building material and fulfilling of the other vital functions. A great majority of these substances are useful and safe for the consumer. Yet, meat and meat products may always contain substances exerting detrimental effects to the consumer's organism. The present paper is a literature review of the most important potentially toxic substances found in meat and meat products; their classification, ways of getting into the meat or formation during meat processing, undesirable physiological outcomes and biochemical mechanisms of their toxic effects, and methods for reduction of these responses. 相似文献
2.
Aging is defined as a normal decline in survival with advancing age; however, the recent researches have showed that physiological functions of the body change during the aging process. Majority of the changes are often subject to a higher risk of developing diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, as well as the dysregulated immune and inflammatory disorders. Aging process is controlled by a complicated and precise signaling network that involved in energy homeostasis, cellular metabolism and stress resistance. Over the past few decades, research in natural dietary compounds by various organism and animal models provides a new strategy for anti-aging. Natural dietary compounds act through a variety mechanisms to extend lifespan and prevent age-related diseases. This review summarizes the current understanding on signaling pathways of aging and knowledge and underlying mechanism of natural dietary compounds that provide potential application on anti-aging and improve heath in human. 相似文献
3.
为了解有机锗Ｇｅ－１３２的慢性毒理作用,以Ｇｅ－１３２２,１０,５０ｍｇ／ｋｇＢＷ的剂量喂养雌雄大鼠２年,观测体重、血细胞、生化、病理等指标。结果表明,对照组与实验组间各项指标均无明显的差别,推荐ＡＤＩ至少为０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。 相似文献
4.
辅酶Q10软胶囊的急性毒性和遗传毒性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:研究辅酶Q10软胶囊的急性毒性和遗传毒性,为辅酶Q10的进一步开发利用提供安全依据。方法:应用小鼠急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验对某种辅酶Q10软胶囊的毒性进行试验观察。结果:该辅酶Q10软胶囊对雌雄小鼠LD50均大于10 000mg/kg.bw,属实际无毒物质;Ames试验中受试物各剂量组回变菌落数均未超过自发回变菌落数的2倍,亦无剂量-反应关系,结果为阴性;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验中各剂量组微核率、精子畸形率与阴性对照组之间无显著性差异(P0.05),而环磷酰胺阳性对照组与阴性对照组之间有极显著性差异(P0.01),证明试验结果均为阴性。结论:本次试验条件下,该辅酶Q10软胶囊属实际无毒级,未显示有急性毒性和遗传毒性作用。 相似文献
5.
In an overall evaluation of the situation published by IARC in 1993, beryllium and beryllium compounds are identified as carcinogens to humans. This prompted the initiation of this study on beryllium which reviews the situation up to 1998 on the aspects: properties and applications, toxicity, analytical procedures for food and drinking water, reference materials, occurrence in food and drinking water and estimates of daily dietary exposure. Special emphasis is put on analytical aspects and levels of beryllium in food and drinking water. 相似文献
6.
本文对直线往复运动的固定凸轮连杆机构的特点进行了分析与讨论,提出了以机构纵向尺寸为目标函数,平均效率为传动质量指标,适当限制压力角的优化设计方法,并对它进行设计。本文还对机构的传动质量指标进行了探讨,得到了能适用于一般基本机构的传动质量指标公式。 相似文献
7.
8.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal potential of oils obtained from plant species endemic to the southwestern Amazon region against the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky). We evaluated the mortality of insects treated with 11 plant oils. After the discriminant assays, concentration–mortality bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of each oil. The insects were treated with the oils, and mortality was assessed after 24 h. Each assay was performed in four replicates. The LC50 of the oils against S. zeamais ranged between 53.35% and 65.22% for the oils obtained from Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer, Copaifera spp., Carapa guianensis Aublet, Oenocarpus bataua Mart., Mauritia flexuosa L,. and Orbignya phalerata Mart. These oils exhibited consistency in their toxic activity and emerged as potential alternatives to be implemented in integrated pest management programs for stored product pests. The results of this investigation identified several plant species in the Amazonian flora with potential insecticidal properties. 相似文献
9.
Adults of a laboratory strain of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), were exposed to ozone concentrations of 0.42 and 0.84 g/m3 for up to 36 and 30 h, respectively, to estimate lethal time (LT) and lethal dose (LD) to kill 99% of insects at 28 °C and 65% r.h. After exposure, adult mortality was counted daily for 5 d. Adult progeny production data from ozone-exposed adults was used to estimate effective time (ET) and effective dose (ED) for 99% reduction in adult progeny production. At 0.42 and 0.84 g/m3, LT99 values for adult mortality on day 1 were 67 and 42 h, respectively. Corresponding LD99 values for adult mortality on day 1 were 28 and 36 g-h/m3, respectively. On day 5, LT99 and LD99 values decreased by 52–54% of day 1 values. The LT99 or LD99 values over days 1 through 5 decreased in a nonlinear fashion, suggesting delayed toxic effects of ozone. The ET99 value for reduction in adult progeny production was 22 h at an ozone concentration of 0.84 g/m3, whereas it was 39 h at 0.42 g/m3. Like LD99 values, ED99 value for adult progeny reduction at 0.42 g/m3 of ozone was lower than at an ozone concentration of 0.84 g/m3. Doubling the ozone concentration from 0.42 to 0.84 g/m3 did not reduce the LT99 or ET99 values by 50%. In general, the LD99 values on days 1 through 5 at an ozone concentration of 0.84 g/m3 were significantly greater than similar values at an ozone concentration of 0.42 g/m3, suggesting that R. dominica adults tend to be more susceptible when exposed to a low ozone concentration for extended time periods. 相似文献
10.
泽泻60天大鼠喂养试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为评价泽泻的安全性 ,采用大鼠 6 0d喂养的方法 ,动物经口灌胃给予泽泻水煎液 ,以研究其亚慢性毒性。结果显示 :泽泻水煎液的低、中、高 3个给药组 (剂量分别为 8 3、16 7和33 3g kgBW,相当于临床用量的 5 0、10 0和 2 0 0倍 )与对照组相比 ,体重和食物利用率组间的差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;血尿素氮 (BUN)有升高的趋势 ,高剂量组与对照组相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但均未超出正常范围 ;中、高剂量组大鼠尿γ -谷氨转移酶 (γ -GT)活性高于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,血、尿常规及生化指标无与所给受试物相关的异常变化 ;高剂量组大鼠肝 体比值和肾 体比值高于对照组 ,但病理组织学检查结果表明各实验组大鼠肝脏、肾脏、脾和睾丸均无明显的病理性损伤。以上结果表明在本实验条件下 ,泽泻中、高剂量组大鼠尿γ -GT指标有异常改变 ,但病理组织学检查未见明显病理性损伤。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
食品中有机磷杀虫剂残留对人体健康的损害作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述了食品中有机磷杀虫剂残留对人体的急性毒性,遗传毒性,生殖毒性以及免疫毒性的作用,对我国食品中有机磷杀虫剂残留现状作了简要分析并提出控制措施。 相似文献
14.
生物活性肽的研究进展理论基础与展望 总被引：30，自引：4，他引：30
随着具各种生物活性的短肽的不断发现,其研究和开发日益受到各国科学家的关注。大量科学研究表明,通过选择适当的蛋白酶,水解的蛋白质可以得到大量的具有各种生物功能的生物活性肽,这些活性肽不仅具有极其广泛的活性和多样性,而且其来源丰富、成本低、安全性好。操作简单、便于工业化生产,因此已成为科学家们研究的新热点。例如：酪蛋白是哺乳动物乳中含量最丰富的蛋白质,长期以来,被人们视为一种营养蛋白,但近年来的研究结果表明,它是生物活性肽的重要来源,到目前为止,已经有数十种生物活性肽被水解和辨认出来。所以,生物活性肽非常好的研究与开发前景。 相似文献
15.
当前食品中铝含量问题已经引起了社会的广泛关注。如何解决食品中铝含量对人体健康影响已是食品安全领域十分关注的重要课题之一。本文介绍了近年来食品中铝研究技术的现状,主要从食品中的铝长期高水平摄入可能对人体产生危害对人体引起的各种毒性及食品中铝含量分析趋势研究等方面进行了综述。通过对食品中铝含量的分析研究,表明铝常常出现在面粉、馒头、油条、面条、麻花、油饼、炸糕、面包、粉条、膨化食品等其他面制品中。了解目前铝对人体健康的危害程度和相关的应对措施,减少我国人群,尤其是儿童铝的摄入量是目前需要解决的问题之一,对面制食品中铝含量的控制是改善我国铝摄入状况的有效途径,为进一步研究食品中铝的风险监测与评估具有一定参考性。 相似文献
16.
芦荟汁液浓缩干品(90 d)亚慢性毒性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为观察芦荟汁液浓缩干品的亚慢性毒性,选用健康断乳SD大鼠96只,随机分为4组,每组24只,雌雄各半,分别灌喂给予芦荟汁液浓缩干品0、1.65、3.3、6.6 g/kg BW,连续90 d.结果表明,芦荟汁液浓缩干品使大鼠排便量增加,粪便松软;雄性3个剂量组大鼠体重增长明显缓慢(P<0.05)、食物利用率降低(P<0.01),雌性体重无明显影响,3.3、6.6 g/kg BW剂量组食物利用率下降(P<0.05);血液学指标,肝、肾功能,血糖、血脂等生化指标无明显影响;尿NAG、ALP酶活性显著升高(P<0.01).病理检查,芦荟汁液浓缩干品引起肾小管上皮、肠系膜淋巴结、结肠粘膜固有层色素沉积,肾通透性增强.6.6 g/kg BW剂量组出现1例肾母细胞瘤,1.65 g/kg BW剂量组出现1例肾非典型增生,肝、脾、睾丸(或卵巢)等脏器未见有意义的病理损伤.本实验条件下,芦荟汁液浓缩干品有作用剂量为1.65 g/kg BW(芦荟甙330 mg/kg BW). 相似文献
17.
The discussion on functional foods among scientific communities and EC commissions is mainly focused on definitions and on legislative issues related to the presence on the market of this kind of products. Although many new products continuously appear, the functional food market is characterized by a high rate of failure. To realize a successful functional food, experts having different background should work together following a detailed workplan. In this paper, the problems related to planning and development of functional foods are considered using a step-by-step approach. The strategies for invention and development, formulation and validation of nutritional claims are regarded also illustrating practical examples of functional food development. The concept of food for special medical purposes, intended for individuals who are being treated under medical supervision, is also introduced. 相似文献
18.
湿热处理是一种新的物理改性淀粉的方法。通过对比湿热处理前后淀粉分子结构的变化，结果表明淀粉的重均分子量Mw从709766降到92014、数均分子量Mn从32225降到16254、链淀粉含量从48．6％增加为64．3％。 相似文献
19.