三维夹芯层连织物复合材料真空辅助成型工艺影响因素

三维夹芯层连织物复合材料是由纤维连续织造呈空芯结构的织物作为增强体制备而成的新型轻质复合材料, 本文中以三维夹芯层连织物复合材料为研究对象, 发展了适用于酚醛树脂的真空辅助成型工艺方法, 重点考察了影响复合材料制造质量的关键因素。结果表明, 芯柱高度对织物的抗压缩能力与厚度回复率影响显著, 热处理有利于织物的厚度回复; 注射过程中, 树脂沿织物平面纬向渗透速率大于经向, 使用高渗透率介质层、 降低树脂黏度有助于提高树脂在层连织物中的分布均匀性。      

三维机织夹芯复合材料的制备与压缩性能研究

以玻璃纤维为原料,采用2个系统经纱(一个为上下表层经纱,另一个为夹芯层经纱)、1个系统纬纱,在SU111型全自动剑杆织机上制织经向截面为“口”字形的新型三维夹芯织物.以环氧树脂E-44与9055型固化剂为基体体系,采用手糊成型工艺将上述机织物复合制成三维机织夹芯复合材料.研究三维机织夹芯复合材料的压缩性能,分析材料结构与压缩性能之间的关系,并与“8”字形中空复合材料进行比较.结果表明,芯材间距为5mm的“8”字形中空复合材料的压缩强度高于芯材间距为25 mm的三维机织夹芯复合材料,但是后者的弹性模量高于前者.实验结果对该类结构材料的优化设计与力学性能研究具有极其重要的指导价值.     

蜂窝状三维整体机织结构型吸波复合材料的设计、制备与性能

为了解决蜂窝夹层结构材料的开裂和分层问题,以玄武岩纤维长丝纱和碳纤维长丝纱为原料,在普通织机上,经合理设计,织造了顶层为透波层、中间层为吸波层和底面为反射层的蜂窝状三维整体机织结构型吸波织物;其次,以蜂窝状三维整体机织结构型吸波织物为增强体,双酚A型环氧树脂为基体,羰基铁粉(CIP)和炭黑(CB)为吸波剂,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)成型工艺,制备了不同结构参数的蜂窝状三维整体机织结构型吸波复合材料;最后,采用矢量网络分析仪和万能试验机分别对蜂窝状三维整体机织结构型吸波复合材料的吸波性能和力学性能进行研究。研究表明,其有良好的整体性能,兼具吸波和承载能力。     

三维织物间隔复合材料的力学性能

三维织物间隔复合材料是一种由垂向机织物连接两个平行织物平面的三维机织间隔复合材料,具有整体性好、可设计性强等特点。以玻璃纤维、碳纤维为原料,对三维间隔织物的结构进行设计,制备三维织物间隔复合材料,研究材料在平压和三点弯曲载荷作用下的力学特性,并分析纤维种类、夹芯层间距等结构参数对材料压缩、弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:随着夹芯层间距的增加,材料的压缩强度逐渐降低;材料的弯曲强度也逐渐降低,且纬向弯曲强度大于经向;采用碳纤维与玻璃纤维分别作为纬纱进行织造,前者制备的复合材料的压缩和弯曲强度均高于后者。     

碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料方形蜂窝夹层结构水下爆炸动态响应数值模拟

基于ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,建立了不同夹芯相对密度的碳纤维增强聚合物（Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP）复合材料方形蜂窝夹层结构在水中爆炸冲击波载荷作用下的仿真模型,分析了结构的变形过程、夹芯的压缩特性及结构的失效及破坏情况。数值模拟结果表明,CFRP复合材料蜂窝夹芯压缩量在前面板速度降至与后面板相同时达到最大; CFRP复合材料蜂窝夹芯的最大压缩量随着初始压力的增大呈先缓慢增大后快速增大的趋势,其增大趋势在夹芯接近完全压缩时又趋于缓慢; CFRP复合材料夹层结构失效随夹芯相对密度和初始压力的变化呈现不同的模式,且其防护性能优于等重的层合结构。研究结果可以为复合材料夹层结构在水中冲击波载荷防护中的应用提供参考。      

玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料的介电特性

本文介绍了玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料作为电介质材料的特点及影响因素。并介绍了低介电性能环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的研究现状以及PTFE、氰酸酯树脂等高性能透波复合材料的研究进展。     

三维连体织物格栅夹芯材料力学特性实验研究

以三维连体织物格栅夹芯材料为研究对象, 研究其在平压、 剪切载荷作用下的力学特性与破坏模式, 并考察格栅分布密度、 厚度和泡沫填充等对力学性能的影响, 揭示纤维芯柱间的协同作用。结果表明: 三维连体织物格栅复合材料及其夹芯材料平压及剪切性能随芯柱纬向间距的增大而减小; 三维连体织物格栅夹芯材料芯柱之间的协同作用随着芯柱纬向间距的增大而逐渐增大; 大厚度三维连体织物格栅复合材料平压破坏模式主要为芯柱失稳, 最终芯柱断裂破坏, 剪切破坏模式为芯柱受剪根部断裂。     

铁氧体Ba(Zn_(1-x)Co_x)_2Fe_(16)O_(27)/环氧树脂复合材料吸波性能

采用化学共沉+高温助熔工艺制备了铁氧体Ba(Zn(1-x)Cox)2Fe16O27粉体,然后用模压法制备了铁氧体粉体/环氧树脂复合材料板,采用同轴电缆法测定了复合材料的电磁参数。研究表明,随着铁氧体中Co含量增加,铁氧体主相由BaZn2Fe16O27转变成Ba-Co2Fe16O27,材料磁损耗逐渐加强,复合材料与空气的电磁匹配特性在频率低于12GHz时较好。然后将M-玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料置于铁氧体粉体/环氧树脂复合材料前端组合成多层复合材料结构,复合材料板与空气的电磁匹配性能和吸波性能都有很大提高。数据如下:当复合材料结构中x=0.75铁氧体吸波层厚度为2.0mm,结构总厚度5.3mm时,复合结构反射系数R的绝对值在2～8GHz时4dB、在8～18GHz时10dB的吸波性能。     

玻璃纤维立体织物增强环氧树脂泡沫夹层复合材料的制备及力学性能

为了进一步提高泡沫夹层复合材料的承载能力和综合性能,实现其在轨道交通及汽车等工业领域的应用,开展了玻璃纤维立体织物增强环氧树脂泡沫(GF-Fabric/EP)复合材料的制备及其力学性能的研究。制备GF-Fabric/EP复合材料及其夹层结构,探索了GF-Fabric/EP复合材料及其夹层结构的失效行为,以揭示立体织物的增强机制。结果表明：立体织物的引入可显著改善GF-Fabric/EP复合材料的强度、刚度及破坏应变;但在不同承载条件下,各纱线发挥承载作用和效果不同。面板、芯材各自的性能、尺寸及面/芯界面性能均是影响GF-Fabric/EP夹层复合材料力学性能及失效特征的重要因素。以三点加载下的弯曲性能为例,针对不同的GF-Fabric/EP夹层复合材料,需调整跨厚比和试样尺寸并获得理想的失效特征,方可对其弯曲性能或层间剪切性能进行有效、合理的评价。     

芳纶纤维增韧碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝蜂窝夹芯结构界面性能和增韧机制

研究了低密度芳纶短纤维(AF)对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料(CF/EP)-铝蜂窝夹芯结构的界面增韧效果和增韧机制.制备了复合材料夹芯梁,将6 mm长度的AF制成絮状纤维薄层用于夹芯梁界面层的增韧,并采用非对称双悬臂梁实验对增韧和未增韧夹芯梁进行了界面断裂韧性的测量.相比于未增韧夹芯梁试件,增韧试件的平均临界能量释放率提...     

Fabrication and electromagnetic characteristics of electromagnetic wave absorbing sandwich structures

The radar absorbing structures (RAS) having sandwich structures in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) frequencies were designed and fabricated. We added conductive fillers such as carbon black and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) to composite prepregs and polyurethane foams so as to efficiently increase the absorbing capacity of RAS. In order to improve the mechanical stiffness of RAS, we adopted the sandwich structures made of composite face sheets and foam cores. Glass fabric/epoxy composites containing conductive carbon black and carbon fabric/epoxy composites were used for the face sheets. Polyurethane foams containing MWNT were used as the core material. Their permittivity in the X-band was measured using the transmission line technique. The reflection loss characteristics for multi-layered sandwich structures were calculated using the theory of transmission and reflection in a multi-layered medium. Three kinds of specimens were fabricated and their reflection losses in the X-band were measured using the free space technique. Experimental results were in good agreement with simulated ones in 10-dB absorbing bandwidth.     

Aramid/epoxy composites sandwich structures for low-observable radomes

Low-observable radomes are usually made of E-glass/epoxy composite due to its low dielectric constant which is necessary not to interfere electromagnetic (EM) wave transmission characteristics. Since aramid fibers have lower dielectric constant and higher strength than those of E-glass fiber, aramid fiber radome structures may have better the EM transmission and mechanical characteristics than those of E-glass/epoxy radomes. In this work, the low-observable radome was constructed with a sandwich construction composed of aramid/epoxy composites faces, foam core and Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) which had the abilities of transmitting EM waves selectively in the X-band range. The EM wave transmission characteristics of the low-observable radome were simulated by a 3-dimensional electromagnetic analysis software and also measured by the free space measurement method with respect to the pattern size of FSS and foam cores. The mechanical properties of the low-observable radome made of aramid/epoxy composite were measured by the 3-point bending test and compared to those of the conventional low-observable radome made of E-glass/epoxy composite.     

Lateral Compressive Properties of Spacer Fabric Composites with Different Cell Shapes

Spacer fabrics belong to the category of 3D hollow structures, and consist of two separate fabric layers that are connected with pile yarns or fabric layers maintaining hollow space between adjacent connecting yarns or fabric layers. In this study, spacer structures connected with woven cross-links having three different cross-sections of the hollow tunnels: rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular, along the weft direction, were produced using 600 tex E-glass tows. All the sections of the structures were plain 2D fabrics with all constituent layers having the same construction. These fabric structures were then converted to composites, with epoxy resin as matrix, using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) technique. The produced composite samples were characterized for their lateral compressive properties. This study provides an insight into the production of sandwich structures connected with woven cross-links, and their load bearing capabilities. The results indicated that the compressive strength of structure depends mainly on the thickness of the cell walls and its angle with the horizontal layer.     

含电路模拟结构吸波复合材料

研究了电路模拟结构材质、电路模拟结构尺寸、介质层电磁参数等对电阻渐变型和"陷阱"式结构吸波复合材料的吸波性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:通过合理的结构设计,在其它条件相同的情况下含电路模拟结构电阻渐变吸波复合材料的吸波性能在8~18 GHz范围内有3~5 dB的提高;含电路模拟结构"陷阱"式吸波复合材料在厚度≤4 mm条件下,实现了吸波性能在8~18 GHz频率范围内吸收率≥12 dB。在提高吸波复合材料吸波性能的同时,电路模拟结构的引入使复合材料力学性能有一定的提高,有利于实现吸波复合材料的吸波/承载一体化。      

纸蜂窝夹芯复合板材静态缓冲性能研究

目的为了新型纸蜂窝夹芯复合板材在运输包装中的推广应用,对新型泡状纸蜂窝夹芯复合板和纸蜂窝夹芯复合平板的缓冲性能和吸能特性进行研究。方法主要通过静态压缩实验,研究不同芯高的纸蜂窝结构类板材的应力-应变曲线、总能量吸收图、单位体积能量吸收图和缓冲系数-应变曲线,分析结构和芯高对板材静态压缩性能的影响。结果数据表明同种芯高的板材,纸蜂窝夹芯复合平板的应力峰值稍高;纸蜂窝夹芯复合平板的能量吸收、单位体积能量吸收最好;泡状纸蜂窝夹芯板由于泡结构的作用,缓冲性能大大增强。结论纸蜂窝夹芯复合平板的平压强度最好,而泡状纸蜂窝夹芯复合板的缓冲性能优于同等结构的蜂窝纸板,2种板材都有很好的应用前景。     

纸瓦楞-蜂窝复合夹层结构的跌落冲击缓冲性能研究

针对纸瓦楞与纸蜂窝的复合夹层结构在跌落冲击动态压缩条件下的缓冲防护性能,研究了纸蜂窝厚度对单面、双面复合形式的冲击加速度响应、变形特征和缓冲吸能特性的影响规律。结果表明,瓦楞夹层先压溃,其次是蜂窝夹层,而且较大的蜂窝厚度会引起纸蜂窝芯层的次坍塌行为。在相同冲击质量或冲击能量条件下,同一蜂窝厚度的单面复合夹层结构的单位体积吸能、比吸能和行程利用率较双面复合结构分别增加了7.94%、28.34%和8.47%,但总吸能较于双面复合结构降低了16.12%,单面复合夹层结构的缓冲吸能特性优于双面复合夹层结构,而双面复合夹层结构的抗冲击性能优于单面复合夹层结构。对于纸蜂窝厚度10 mm、15 mm、20 mm和25 mm的复合夹层结构,低冲击能量作用下蜂窝厚度的增加降低了结构的缓冲吸能特性,高冲击能量作用下蜂窝厚度的增加提高能量吸收能力。纸蜂窝厚度10 mm、15 mm、20 mm和25 mm的复合夹层结构的比吸能、单位体积吸能和行程利用率是蜂窝厚度70 mm的复合夹层结构的1 倍~3 倍,较低厚度的纸蜂窝更有利于复合夹层结构的缓冲吸能。     

Nanocomposite stealth radomes with frequency selective surfaces

The stealth function of the radome (Radar + Dome) is to transmit or reflect the EM (electromagnetic) wave selectively through the radome. In this work, the stealth radome for aircrafts and warships was developed with the FSS (frequency selective surfaces), PVC foam, and nanoclay-dispersed E-glass fabric/epoxy composite. The water diffusivity of nanocomposites, which changes the stealth characteristics, was measured with respect to the contents of nanoclay. The EM transmission characteristics were measured by the free space measurement system in the X-band frequency range (8.2–12.4 GHz) with respect to the content of nanoclay. Also, the flexural strength of the sandwich construction composed of the nanocomposite, PVC foam, and FCCL (flexible copper clad laminate) was measured by the 3-point bending test.