基于过程知识的软件项目计划及其控制

为使软件项目计划合理、计划执行控制有效,该文基于小组软件过程TSP(TeamSoftwareProcess),提出了一个软件过程知识支持下的具有决策、建议和预测能力的分布式软件项目计划与控制解决方案,与此同时,讨论了相关支持工具的体系结构实现及其实例应用场景。     

基于CMM的软件过程改进实践

CMM是一种软件生产过程标准和软件企业成熟度评估标准,该标准侧重于软件开发过程的管理及工程能力的提高与评估。基于CMM理论在软件过程改进中的应用,针对软件开发过程中存在的问题,采用CMM2级项目级实践,实现4个关键过程域：需求管理、软件项目计划、软件项目跟踪和监督、软件质量保证,制定出符合项目需求和管理的规范与过程,将CMM理论应用于软件开发过程中,对项目各个环节的工作进行改进,取得良好的过程改进效果,并从中总结基于CMM模型进行过程改进的经验。     

软件过程改进与软件过程支撑工具研究

软件过程改进近年来受到了越来越广泛的重视,该文对软件过程改进所涉及的相关知识进行了详细而深入的介绍,并针对我国软件企业的开发现状论述了它们在实施软件过程改进中应该重点把握的几个方面。最后展望了软件过程改进的前景。     

化学软件的软件过程改进

针对国内化学软件开发的特点，以软件能力成熟度模型（Capability Maturity Model of Software,SW-CMM）为基础，介绍了由初始级到可重复级的软件过程改进方案，并提出了适合化学软件开发的软件过程模型。     

软件过程改进方法的研究与设计

成熟度模型(CMM)是当前国内外研究的热点。给出了如何理解CMM的基本概念,提出了两种软件过程改进方法,即基于同行评审和测试的软件过程改进方法和基于CASE工具和文档的软件过程改进方法。这两种方法是分别针对现有软件开发机构实施过程改进时遇到的实际问题,结合CMM的关键实践而设计的。最后对现有软件过程活动中存在的问题进行了相关总结。     

软件过程改进框架

在软件开发过程中,软件工程师以及软件组织不可避免地会遇到各种困难,尤其是软件组织在实施能力成熟度模型(CMM)过程中面对的各种挑战.根据对CMM研究的体会与实践经验,提出了以集成的能力成熟度模型(CMMI)为基础,以个体软件过程和群组软件过程为支持的软件过程改进框架.     

软件过程集成框架的实践与思考

软件实践表明产品开发的过程和产品品质有产非常密切的联系,因此很多软件企业都把提高软件开发过程作为提高软件品质的重要手段。现有的过程模型中CMM/CMMI是很多企业采用的一个框架,CMMI模型非常复杂(描述性文档就有超过1000页),因此很需要有一种软件来支持软件过程的改进。本文给出了一个软件过程改进集成框架SPIF,较为详细地叙述了SPIF中项目计划与进度监控的实现。SPIF对CMM/CMMI有着良好的支持,经过几个软件公司的实践表明SPIF实现了软件过程可视化、管理效率化,可以对软件企业实施CMM/CMMI过程改进有着很好的促进作用。     

软件企业实施CMM改进软件过程的研究

CMM（能力成熟度模型）是当前软件行业的重要技术,研究和实施CMM认证,有助于软件企业提高生产率。对IT界公认的软件过程改进标准CMM进行了介绍,包括其发展、内容和运用;分析了我国软件企业的现状,以及实施CMM进行软件过程改进所面临的问题;提出了中小企业改进软件过程、提高软件质量、规避软件风险的笨略。     

基于CMMI的软件过程改进研究

CMMI是评价企业在开发流程化和质量管理上的国际通行标准,通过不断的过程改进,达到对产品质量和开发过程控制的目的。本文通过对CMMI的研究,结合机载软件特点,依据CMMI理论和过程改进规律,形成了可操作的实施框架,详细论述了基于CMMI软件过程改进的实施策略。     

基于度量的软件过程改进研究

在软件开发的整个过程中,需要对各个阶段进行评估、分析、改进,它们是一个不断循环的过程.即软件过程改进贯穿于软件开发的始终.如何对软件过程进行度量、度量元是什么,已经成为当前国内外研究的热点.对当前国内许多机构开展的质量管理体系认证模型进行研究,提出了一种基于CMMI的6σ软件度量框架,在此基础上分析了软件过程改进和评估中的关键问题.通过对软件过程的改进,从而提高软件产品质量和提升软件开发效率.     

基于CMM的软件维护过程研究

针对软件维护组织维护能力成熟度展开研究,引入CMM分级改进的思想,围绕软件维护过程改进的5个方面展开描述,循序渐进地提出软件维护过程改进模型。     

软件系统开发评估的CBA方法及应用

解决软件危机的根本出路在于有效改进软件过程 ,软件产品的质量主要取决于产品开发和维护的软件过程的质量 ,而实施软件过程评估是改进软件过程的前提和基础。为此分析了软件能力成熟度模型CMM的标准框架和内容 ,并研究了基于CMM的软件开发评估CBA方法及其应用     

Simple Metrics for Improving Software Process Performance and Capability: A Case Study

This paper presents a case study which describes the application of statistical process performance monitoring and capability assessment on a large process control software project. The process performance and capability monitoring used in the case study is part of a Quality Framework for Software Development (QFSD) devised for the development of control systems at Fisher–Rosemount Systems and provides a practical alternative to ISO9000 quality models. The process performance measurements were based on commonly available metrics that could be obtained with the minimum disruption to the processes being examined. The application of statistical methods were used to establish problem areas at the earliest opportunity allowing process adjustments to be made to improve the process performance. The processes used were defined in terms of work products which were categorized and evaluated for the level of completion. This allowed a process capability to be calculated. Those processes which were found to be at a lower capability level became the focus for the process improvement for the next project. In particular the capability measurement identified processes where questions needed to be raised about the relevance of the process, whether the techniques used were effective and whether the tools were adequate. It was found that achieving high performance and capability is a learning process with the development team improving with each new project. The benefits have been better managed, more cost and time effective projects producing higher quality software. Management and the development team have obtained a better understanding of the software development process and this continuing learning process has lead to a continuous improvement in both the development methodology and the resulting software. The paper presents examples of the real benefits that can be obtained by tracking process performance and assessing process capability at all stages, and shows that this can be achieved without the need to resort to complex procedures for process measurement, as most of the empirical data came from commonly available process data.     

软件项目管理流程分析与设计

针对软件项目和项目开发中的复杂性、易变性和不可预见性,研究了软件项目管理流程方法,设计了软件项目运作过程的总体流程,分析了各阶段流程的进入条件、主要工作过程和工作结果.     

Software Process Improvement Problems in Twelve Software Companies: An Empirical Analysis

In this paper we discuss our study of the problems 12 software companies experienced in software development. In total we present qualitative data collected from 45 focus groups that involved over 200 software staff. We look at how different practitioner groups respond to software process improvement problems. We show our classification and analysis of this data using correspondence analysis. Correspondence analysis is a graphical data representation method new to software development research. The aim of the work we present is to develop a more holistic understanding of the problems practitioners are experiencing in their attempts to improve their software processes. Our main finding is that there is an association between a company's capability maturity and patterns of reported problems. Organizational problems are more associated with high maturity companies than with low maturity companies. Low maturity companies are closely linked to problems relating directly to projects such as documentation, timescales, tools and technology. Our findings also confirm differences in practitioner group problems. Senior managers cite problems with goals, culture and politics. Project managers are concerned with timescales, change management, budgets and estimates. Developers are experiencing problems with requirements, testing, documentation, communication, tools and technology. These associations are displayed graphically through correspondence analysis maps.     

软件测试项目的追踪与控制方法

如何有效追踪和控制软件测试项目是一个亟待解决的问题。该文分析了项目追踪与控制在测试过程管理领域的实施方法,探讨了测试项目中计划、追踪与控制的定义以及三者之间的关系,并结合已经实现的软件平台分析了测试项目追踪与控制的实施策略,包括测试项目计划的实施细则、测试项目追踪过程中的信息采集状况以及测试项目的具体控制方法。     

软件项目计划制定和追踪的方法

计划的制定和追踪往往是一个复杂的过程,文章将介绍一种基于过程模型的软件项目计划制定方法,并建立一个支持多用户分布执行和控制计划的协同工作环境,从而辅助管理人员的工作。