高炉入炉焦比影响因素的分析与应用

本文统计了莱钢2#高炉生产情况,分析了制约入炉焦比的因素,制定了解决措施。通过优化,成功将炉焦比进一步降低,取得了良好效果,经济效益显著。     

关于人炉焦炭质量及其粒度大小对鼓风炉炉况的影响分析

统计分析澜沧公司鼓风炉某生产时段部分焦丁人炉的比例及其数量,并结合焦炭质量论述了其对铅鼓风炉作业的重要性,提出了对焦丁有效使用的建设性意见。     

焦炭质量对高炉炉况的影响

由于新钢5#、6#焦炉干熄焦(9#高炉入炉配比50%)变为水熄焦,焦炭冷强度M40下降约4%,造成9#(2500m3)高炉料柱透气、透液性变差,压量关系紧张,炉况波动较大,甚至悬料。通过上下部调剂相结合稳定炉况,加强管理保证生产,高炉炉况逐步恢复。     

Coke Reactivity under Blast Furnace Conditions and in the CSR/CRI Test

The present work aims to study the high‐temperature strength of coke. Mechanisms of disintegration were evaluated using basket samples charged into LKAB's experimental blast furnace prior to quenching and dissection. Coke charged into basket samples was analysed with CSR/CRI tests and compared with treated coke from the blast furnace. Results from tumbling tests, chemical analyses of coarse and fine material, as well as light optical microscopy studies of original and treated coke have been combined and evaluated. The results indicate a correlation between the ash composition and the CSR values. Differences in the texture of the coke were noted with light optical microscopy, and a significant change in the coke texture during the CSR/CRI test conditions was found. The results suggest that the main reaction between coke and CO₂ took place in isotropic areas, which was especially pronounced in coke with a low CSR. Signs of degradation were apparent throughout the coke pieces that have undergone CSR/CRI testing, but were less observable in coke reacted in the blast furnace. The results indicate that reaction with CO₂ is generally limited by the chemical reaction rate in the CSR/CRI test, while in the blast furnace the reaction is limited by the diffusion rate. Coke degradation is therefore mostly restricted to the coke surface in the blast furnace.     

Blast Furnace Operating Conditions Manipulation for Reducing Coke Consumption and CO2 Emission

A comparative reduction behavior of wüstite samples prepared from iron ore sinter was investigated to find the optimum way for reducing coke consumption and CO₂ emission in blast furnace technology. A series of wüstite reduction experiments was carried out using different gas mixtures. A correlation between the experimental results and real data of blast furnaces at Egyptian Iron and Steel Company (EISCO) was demonstrated in order to optimize the coke consumption inside blast furnaces. Different theoretical models were applied on real data of blast furnaces to calculate the effect of operation parameters on the coke consumption. It was found that the wüstite reducibility can be controlled and enhanced using certain ratio of H₂ and CO gases. Such kind of enhancement decreases the remaining quantity of unreduced wüstite which descends to the high temperature region of blast furnace. The theoretical analysis of real data using certain values of H₂ and CO shows that increasing the amount of natural gas injection in blast furnace of EISCO will decrease the degree of direct reduction of iron oxide and consequently will decrease the amount of coke consumption.     

本钢2850m~3高炉降低焦比的生产实践

对本钢7号高炉降低焦比的实践经验进行了总结。认为原燃料条件的改善、合理的炉型、优化布料矩阵及大批重、合理的送风制度、高风温、高富氧,以及各项制度的合理匹配是本钢7号高炉降低焦比的主要经验。由于7号高炉率先使用大批重煤气利用率好,炉况稳定顺行,焦比降低,煤比提高,各项技术经济指标达到国内3000m3级高炉先进水平。     

重点钢铁厂铁矿石还原及焦炭气化的藕合反应

通过在模拟高炉温度和煤气成分变化的条下,对我国重点钢铁厂铁矿石还原及焦炭气化的藕合反应研究,阐明了焦炭气化与铁矿石还原与反应历程有关。分析预测高炉冶炼效果除考虑恒定温度和恒定煤气成分下焦炭与铁矿石冶金性能外,还应考虑焦炭与铁矿石藕合反应过程CO过剩量。研究表明宝钢、首钢、本钢、鞍钢CO过剩系数η_C较小,煤气利用好;包钢、重钢和梅山冶金公司η_CO较大,煤气利用较差。     

焦炭热反应性能对高炉顺行的影响

焦炭热反应性影响其在高炉内反应后的强度,制约着焦炭在高炉中料柱骨架的作用,进而影响高炉的透气性和高炉顺行。结合生产实际,对焦炭在高炉不同部位的状态和行为进行了探讨,阐明焦炭的热反应性能对高炉顺行有较大影响。     

Reduction Mechanism of Chromite Ore in Blast Furnace

The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace werestudied by optical micrograph analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disper-sive X-ray analysis (EDXA). The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnacewas primarily discussed.     

Reduction Behaviour of Olivine Iron Ore Pellets in the Experimental Blast Furnace

An experimental study was conducted to determine the reduction behaviour of olivine iron ore pellets and associated reduction mechanisms in the experimental blast furnace (EBF) located at Luleå. Two sets of EBF samples, namely slowly annealed excavated samples and rapidly quenched probe samples of olivine bearing iron ore pellets were examined in detail. Pellet samples were analysed using SEM, XRD and SIROQUANT analysis to quantitatively determine iron ore phase transformations during descent in the EBF. In the tested EBF campaign, up to 75% of reduction occurred at less than 1100°C, i.e. before the pellet reached the cohesive zone while rest of 25% reduction was completed when pellets reached a temperature of 1300°C and hence within the cohesive zone. The reduction degree of pellets was found to have a linear correlation with distance from the stock line of the EBF. This study showed that the presence of olivine did not have a significant effect on reduction degree for temperatures less than 1100°C in the upper zone of the EBF. However, olivine increased the reduction rate in the final stage of reduction for temperatures in excess of 1100°C in the cohesive zone, which was attributed to the formation of an increased amount of molten FeO containing slag within the pellet. This study is expected to make important contributions towards further improvements in the pellet design as well as the optimization of blast furnace operation and efficiency.     

台车连续炉直接还原法

开发了一种在台车连续炉中实现铁矿直接还原的方法。台车连续炉的炉膛是直条形,炉底由若干个台车组成。含碳球团料层铺在台车上,通过炉膛时进行还原焙烧。为了得到高金属化率,在料层表面覆盖薄焦炭层保护。此方法已经成功地用于唐钢石人沟铁矿。生产线所用的炉子长70 m,宽2 8 m。炉底由26 个台车组成。用这种方法生产的海绵铁产品成分如下:金属化率大于92%,全铁约90%,硫小于0 08%。一座炉子的产量为5 t/h,总煤耗低于700 kg/t。和转底炉比较,台车连续炉的优点是:结构简单,供热点少,台车维修方便,主要缺点是台车运转速度不能太快,焙烧时间较长。     

高炉用焦炭的高温抗压强度

 采用可调气氛高温抗压试验机研究焦炭的高温抗压强度。在高炉实际反应程度范围内,焦炭抗压强度与失碳率呈近似直线关系。失碳率对强度的影响随温度升高而减弱,抗压强度也随温度升高而降低。在此基础上,从理论上分析了高炉用焦炭的破碎机理。     

焦炭喷洒ZBS添加剂在高炉上的应用

将焦炭喷洒ZBS添加剂技术应用到高炉的生产实践表明,该技术使高炉保持长期稳定、顺行,增铁节焦作用明显.ZBS添加剂对环境无污染,对人体无害.喷洒ZBS后焦炭的反应性降低了8.45%,反应后强度提高了4.79%.使用ZBS添加剂以来高炉的日平均产量提高330.49 t,每吨铁水日平均入炉焦比降低25.91 kg,炉温波动幅度小,硫含量合格,生铁合格率100%.     

浅谈焦炭质量对高炉冶炼的影响

焦炭作为料柱的骨架,随着高炉的大型化以及喷煤比的提高,焦炭的作用显得更为重要,近年来随着工艺设备不断更新,新建高炉逐渐大型化以及采用炼铁新技术,使高炉的焦比不断降低,由于焦比降低、煤比不断提高,高炉的透气性和透液性变差,因此焦炭质量的好坏显得尤为重要。     

高炉中心加焦实验及技术分析

中心加焦有利于高炉顺行,但如果中心加焦倾角过大和加焦量过多,则造成中心料柱沸点,燃料比上升。利用溜槽结构参数,提出高炉中心加焦溜槽倾角计算方法,模拟计算炉料在炉内二次分布,分析认为球团更容易滚入中心,因此,需要根据炉料结构中球团所占比例,确定是否实施中心加焦。中心加焦量与球团比例相关,球团配比10%,可以取消中心加焦,当球团配比15%时,则需要实施中心加焦,此结论得到高炉实验验证。     

氧气底吹熔炼-鼓风炉还原炼铅新技术及应用

评述了氧气底吹熔炼—鼓风炉还原炼铅新技术的特点和生产实践。     

Reduction Behavior of Pellet under Simulated Oxygen Blast Furnace Condition

The reduction behavior of pellet was researched through the programming apparatus under simulated conditions of oxygen blast furnace(OBF)and traditional blast furnace(T-BF).The results indicated that compared with traditional blast furnace,the reduction starting temperature of pellet decreased by 60 ℃ under oxygen blast furnace condition.The reduction degree of pellet could almost reach 100% under oxygen blast furnace condition when the temperature reached 1 100 ℃,whereas it was only 82.49% in traditional blast furnace.The content of carbon in pellet of oxygen blast furnace was about 5times more than that of traditional blast furnace.In addition,the microstructure at the periphery and core of pellets after reaction was characterized by means of SEM and EDS.     

高炉喷吹焦炉煤气置换比的计算

 通过对高炉内焦炭和焦炉煤气的热平衡分析,推导了焦炉煤气替代焦炭的理论置换比计算公式。计算出典型焦炉煤气的置换比为0. 486kg/m3。同时对影响置换比的各主要因素进行了分析,为高炉喷吹焦炉煤气提供了理论参考依据。     

涟钢高炉降低焦比实践

从外部和内部两方面分析了涟钢高炉焦比高的原因。通过改造设备,采用优质原料,改进高炉操作,提高煤粉喷入量,高炉焦比明显下降。     

试论高炉用焦整粒的意义及必要性

以焦炭在高炉冶炼过程中的作用为前提,根据国内外高炉用焦质量标准,通过对焦炭生产过程中的熄焦、运焦方式的分析以及焦炭试验对比数据,论证高炉用焦整粒的必要性,并提供行之有效的整粒装置。