铁中间层钛-钢扩散复合界面组织与性能

利用真空扩散焊方法制备了铁中间层钛-钢扩散焊接头,并采用OM、SEM、EDS、XRD、显微硬度和拉伸试验方法,研究了铁中间层钛-钢扩散复合界面组织和性能。结果表明,在900～1050℃、30 min扩散条件下,Fe、Ti原子在界面处发生了互扩散;钛侧形成βTi+α-βTi+αTi组织,钢侧发生脱碳,铁中间层形成柱状晶组织;拉伸强度随扩散温度升高呈现先增加后减小的趋势,900℃、30 min扩散试样拉伸强度最高,达到260 MPa;拉伸断口具有粗糙断裂区、脆性断裂区及二次断裂区特征,并在断口上检测出TiC、FeTi和Fe2Ti相。     

TC4/Ti60合金钎焊接头界面组织及力学性能

采用TiZrNiCu非晶钎料实现了TC4和Ti60异种钛合金的真空钎焊连接,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等分析手段研究了钎焊工艺参数对接头界面组织结构及力学性能的影响. 结果表明,TC4/TiZrNiCu/Ti60钎焊接头的典型界面结构为:TC4/α-Ti+β-Ti+(Ti,Zr)2(Ni,Cu)/Ti60. 随着钎焊温度升高或保温时间延长,片层状α+β相逐渐填充整条钎缝,(Ti,Zr)2(Ni,Cu)相含量减少且分布更加均匀. 接头室温抗拉强度随钎焊温度或保温时间的增加均先增大后减小,在990 ℃/10 min钎焊条件下所获接头抗拉强度达到最大为535.3 MPa. 断口分析结果表明,断裂位于钎缝中,断裂方式为脆性断裂.     

Cu75Pt钎料钎焊Ti60与TC4接头界面组织及性能

采用Cu75Pt钎料实现了Ti60钛合金与TC4钛合金的真空钎焊,采用SEM,EDS,XRD分析了钎焊接头显微结构.结果表明,接头典型组织结构为Ti60/Ti2Cu+α-Ti/Ti2Cu/Ti2Cu+Ti3Pt/Ti2Cu/Ti2Cu+α-Ti/TC4.对不同钎焊温度下获得的接头界面组织结构进行了分析,结果表明,随着钎...     

Effect of brazing temperature and brazing time on the microstructure and tensile strength of TiAl-based alloy joints with Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni amorphous alloy as filler metal

An amorphous Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu-15Ni (wt.%) ribbon fabricated by vacuum arc remelting and rapid solidification was used as filler metal to vacuum braze TiAl alloy (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb-1B (at.%)). The effects of brazing temperature and time on the microstructure and strength of the joints were investigated in details. The typical brazed joint major consisted of three zones and the brazed joints mainly consisted of α_2-Ti₃Al phase, α-Ti phase and (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase. When the brazing temperature varied from 910 °C to 1010 °C for 30 min, the tensile strength of the joint first increased and then decreased. With increasing the brazing time, the tensile strength of the joint increased. The maximum room temperature tensile strength was 468 MPa when the specimen was brazed at 930 °C for 60 min. All the fracture surfaces assumed typical brittle cleavage fracture characteristic. The fracture path varied with the brazing parameter and cracks preferred to initiate at (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase and propagation path were mainly determined by the content and distribution of α-Ti phase and (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase.     

TC4/ZQSn10-2-3直接扩散连接

对TC4/ZQSn10-2-3直接扩散连接进行了深入的试验分析.试验发现,连接温度和连接时间对接头抗剪强度具有相似的影响规律,在最佳工艺参数(830℃/10MPa/15min)下,接头抗剪强度最大可达102MPa.直接扩散连接接头结合区分为I区由CuSn3Ti5和Pb质点组成;II区由CuSn3Ti5,Cu3Ti和Pb质点组成;III区主要由β-Ti组成;IV区主要由α-Ti组成,同时还有少量β-Ti;TC4/ZQSn10-2-3直接扩散连接接头断口为脆性断口,断口表面相组成主要是CuSn3Ti5和Cu3Ti及析出的Pb质点.结果表明,断口表面相组成是造成接头力学性能不高的主要原因.     

Mechanical response of the TiAl/steel brazed joint under torsional load

An attempt to investigate the mechanical response to the torsional load, torsional tests of TiAl/steel brazed joints were conducted at room temperature. The TiAl/steel joints used in the torsional loading tests were brazed under the optimum parameters of 1173 K and 300 s . Torsional strength, fracture path and the behavior of the reaction phases were studied. The results show that the average torsional strength of the joints with the diameters of 13 mm, 16 mm and 20 mm is 136 N?m, 270 N?m and 490 N?m, respectively; which is 81.9%, 85.5% and 86.2% of the TiAl base metal, respectively. Fracture path and crack propagation process analysis shows, when subjected to the torsional load, Ag-based solid solution is deformed and cracks germinate at the interface of Ag-based solid solution/AlCu₂Ti particles or Ag-based solid solution/AlCu₂Ti layers, grow up and propagate into the Al Cu Ti brittle reaction layers, then propagate into the TiAl base metal, subsequently result in failure.     

铜中间层钛-钢扩散复合界面组织与性能

利用真空扩散焊方法制备了铜中间层钛-钢焊接接头,并采用OM、SEM、EDS、显微硬度和拉伸试验方法,研究了铜中间层钛-钢扩散复合界面组织和性能。结果表明,Fe、Ti原子在界面处发生了互扩散,钛侧形成α-βTi+αTi或βTi+α-βTi+αTi组织,钢侧发生脱碳并形成柱状晶组织;拉伸强度随扩散温度升高呈现先增加后减小的趋势,950℃、30 min扩散试样拉伸强度最高,达到262 MPa;拉伸断口具有塑性断裂区与脆性断裂区特征,并在断口上检测出TiC相。     

Brazing of TiBw/TC4 composite and Ti60 alloy using TiZrNiCu amorphous filler alloy

TiB_w/TC4 composite was brazed to Ti60 alloy successfully using TiZrNiCu amorphous filler alloy, and the interfacial microstructures and mechanical properties were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and universal tensile testing machine. The typical interfacial microstructure was TiB_w/TC4 composite/β-Ti + TiB whiskers/(Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) intermetallic layer/β-Ti/Ti60 alloy when being brazed at 940 °C for 10 min. The interfacial microstructure evolution was influenced strongly by the diffusion and reaction between molten fillers and the substrates. Increasing brazing temperature decreased the thickness of brittle (Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) intermetallic layer, which disappeared finally when the brazing temperature exceeded 1020 °C. Fracture analyses indicated that cracks were initialized in the brittle intermetallic layer when (Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) phase existed in the brazing seam. The maximum average shear strength of joints reached 368.6 MPa when brazing was conducted at 1020 °C. Further increasing brazing temperature to 1060 °C, the shear strength was decreased due to the formation of coarse lamellar (α+β)-Ti structure.     

Fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded titanium alloys with strength mismatch

Abstract

The present study considers the effect of strength mismatch on the fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded joints between commercially pure (CP) Ti and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64), including dissimilar joints and sandwich structures with strength undermatching and overmatching. The aim of the investigation is to determine the influence of the interlayer thickness (for both higher and lower strength interlayers) and the bond quality on the deformation behaviour and fracture toughness of the joints. The influence of mechanical heterogeneity (strength mismatch) on the fracture behaviour of the interface in dissimilar joints was also investigated. Round bars of CP Ti and Ti64 having a diameter of 40 mm were diffusion bonded as dissimilar butt joints and sandwich structures containing lower strength (undermatching) and higher strength (overmatching) interlayers of different thicknesses. Round transverse tensile specimens and standard four point bend (single edge notch bend) specimens were extracted from the joints via spark erosion cutting. The four point bend specimens were fatigue precracked to introduce a sharp crack after introducing machine notches at the centre of the interlayers in the sandwich structures and at the interface in the dissimilar joints, and tested at room temperature. Some specimens were also prepared with the crack positioned away from the interface to determine the effect of notch position on fracture behaviour. The effect of strength mismatch on the crack tip opening displacement fracture toughness parameter of the joints has been evaluated. Crack initiation, crack growth, and crack deviation processes have been examined and fracture resistance curves (R curves) constructed for the joints. These results were used to explain the influence of mechanical heterogeneity of the joints and interlayer thickness on fracture behaviour.     

采用冷喷涂铜涂层做中间层的镁合金与钢共晶接触反应钎焊工艺及接头性能

采用厚度为50 μm的冷喷涂铜涂层作为中间层,研究了连接温度和保温时间对AZ31B镁合金/钢异种金属接触反应钎焊接头剪切强度的影响规律.通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、显微硬度和剪切强度试验,研究了AZ31B镁合金/钢钎焊接头界面微观组织和力学性能.结果表明,当连接温度为530℃,保温时间为60 min时,接头剪切强度达到最大值36.9 MPa.AZ31B镁合金/钢钎焊接头界面反应产物主要为Mg₂Cu,α-Mg固溶体和Mg-Cu-Al三元相.Mg-Cu-Al三元相的尺寸和分布,以及08F钢侧是否存在Mg₂Cu共晶相共同决定了接头的强度.由钎焊接头断口可知,最佳工艺参数下断裂方式为脆性断裂与韧性断裂的混合方式.     

高比分SiCp/2024铝基复合材料激光原位焊接头断裂行为

以Ti-6Al-4V合金作为中间层对45%(体积分数)的SiCp增强铝基复合材料进行激光原位焊接,对比分析了不同焊接条件下的接头断裂行为.结果表明,钛夹层厚度为0.5 mm时,有利于获得成形良好、界面结合性紧密的接头.接头断裂位置位于焊缝中心,抗拉强度可达母材强度的50%,此时的断裂机制为准解理断裂;钛夹层厚度增加到0.8 mm时,焊缝中易出现气孔、未熔合缺陷,界面反应也不充分,接头断裂位置位于接头界面,抗拉强度较低,断裂机制多为脆性断裂.     

异种钢闪光对焊接头蠕变断裂力学行为

分别钢闪光对焊制备的高强匹配（ＢＷ－ＷＨ－ＢＬ）、低强匹配（ＢＨ－ＷＬ－ＢＭ）和中强匹配（ＢＬ－ＷＭ－ＨＢ）的;宏观力学不均匀异种钢接头进行了蠕变及蠕变断裂,试验,并用有限元方法分析了不同匹配接头蠕变断裂的力学因素。结果表明,高强匹配和低强匹配接头均沿头邻近焊缝界面的低强度母材或焊缝侧发生断裂,并怕特征;中强匹配接头蠕变断裂位置在远离焊缝界面的低强度母材区,呈延性断裂性质。应力三轴性是控制高强匹配     

TiAl/Ti60电子束焊接接头组织及性能

对 TiAl/Ti60 异种材料进行电子束焊接,研究了其接头成形特点、焊缝组织、热影响区组织及接头力学性能.结果表明,TiAl/Ti60 电子束焊接时,接头的主要缺陷是存在宏观横向裂纹.焊缝组织快速冷却时主要形成的马氏体组织为针片状的α2 相,Ti60侧热影响区为针状α' 相,TiAl 侧热影响区为马氏体形貌.接头焊缝区硬度值较大,且熔合线两侧的硬度分布梯度较大.TiAl/Ti60 常规电子束焊接接头,接头的抗拉强度最大可达到 175.4 MPa,接头强度相对较低.拉伸断裂发生在 TiAl 侧熔合线附近,断裂为脆性断裂,断裂特征为穿晶断裂.

Abstract：

Electron beam welding experiments of TiAl/Ti60dissimilar joints were carried out. Microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The results show that major defect in TiAl/Ti60 joint during electron beam welding is transverse crack. Weld zone is characterized by acicular α2 plates, HAZ near to Ti60 by acicular α' phase, and HAZ near to TiAl by martensite. Hardness in weld zone is relatively higher, as well as the hardness gradient along fusion line. Fracture during stretching occurs in the region near fusion line. Fracture mode is brittle fracture, which is characterized by transgranular fracture.     

退火对TA1/5052爆炸复合板界面组织与性能的影响

将TA1/5052爆炸焊接复合板在350、400及450 ℃分别保温1、3、6、9 h退火,对退火前后复合板组织和性能进行分析。结果表明:随退火温度升高,原子扩散加剧,界面形成的扩散层逐渐变厚;退火过程中铝易于向钛侧扩散,白色亮带和柯肯达尔孔洞主要位于靠近界面的5052铝合金侧;退火前界面处物相组成为α-Ti、α-Al、TiAl₃,经350、400 ℃退火3 h及450 ℃退火1、3、6、9 h后,物相组成不变。经不同温度退火后,复合板界面抗拉强度低于退火前,而断面收缩率和伸长率明显高于退火前。拉伸断口分析表明,复合板TA1侧为以脆性断裂为主、韧性断裂为辅的韧脆混合断裂,5052侧为韧性断裂;复合板在350 ℃退火时界面剪切强度和剥离强度最大,较爆炸态分别增加8.24%和45.68%,随退火温度升高,界面剪切强度和剥离强度降低。退火前后界面结合区硬度均高于基复板两侧硬度,且随离界面距离增加,硬度逐渐降低直至降至钛铝两侧母材硬度。退火后界面结合区硬度明显低于爆炸态硬度。     

Structure and mechanical properties of as-cast Ti–Si alloys

In the present work, the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Ti–Si alloys with a Si content ranging from 1 to 12.5 wt% prepared using a dental cast machine were investigated and compared with commercially pure titanium (c.p. Ti). X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase analysis was conducted using a diffractometer. Three-point bending tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of all specimens and their microstructure and fractured surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental results indicated that the diffraction peaks of the Ti–Si alloys matched those of α-Ti and Ti₅Si₃. All the Ti–Si alloys had higher bending strengths and bending moduli than those of c.p. Ti. For example, the bending strength of Ti–5Si was about 2.6 times that of c.p. Ti, and both Ti–10Si and Ti–12.5Si had the highest bending moduli, which were about 1.8 times higher than that of c.p. Ti. Additionally, Ti–1Si exhibited ductile properties and Ti–3Si and Ti–5Si had a combination of brittleness and ductility. When the Si content was 7.5 wt% or greater, the alloys showed brittle properties. Judging from the results of the mechanical properties and deformation behavior, Ti–1Si, Ti–3Si, and Ti–5Si can be considered highly feasible alloys for prosthetic dental applications if other properties necessary for dental casting are obtained.     

时间和温度对放电等离子体扩散焊接Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金接头显微组织的影响

采用放电等离子体扩散焊接技术,以Ti/Ni/Ti箔为中间层,实现了Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金之间的扩散连接. 研究了焊接时间和温度对接头显微组织的影响. 结果表明,950 ℃时,保温15 min,中间层和基体中元素互扩散有限;保温时间延长到30 min,中间层在接头处扩散均匀. 在相同保温时间30 min的条件下,900 ℃和950 ℃得到的接头界面存在分层,各个层的主要物相都是α₂相,仅最内层存在α-Ti. 升高温度到1 000 ℃和1 050 ℃,接头界面分层消失,显微组织相似,都是由粗大的α₂相和固溶了少量Ni原子,Nb原子,Cr原子的α₂相组成. 放电等离子体烧结(SPS)对接头处的元素扩散有促进作用,尤其是Ni元素,使得接头内部没有TiNi和TiAlNi金属间化合物生成.     

Friction stir-induced brazing of Al/Mg lap joints with and without Zn interlayer

The interfacial structure and mechanical properties of Al/Mg joints with and without Zn interlayer by friction stir-induced brazing bond have been investigated. The results revealed that the formation of brittle Al–Mg intermetallics could be effectively suppressed by the addition of Zn interlayer and using appropriate welding parameters, which were replaced by α(Mg)+Mg–Zn and Al–Mg–Zn intermetallic. When rotation speed was further increased, Al–Mg intermetallics were formed again at the interface. The shear strength of Al/Mg joints with Zn interlayer was improved by up to ～25% in comparison with those of the joints without Zn interlayer. A mixture of ductility and cleavage fracture occurred on fracture surfaces of Zn-added joints which was different from the cleavage fracture feature of the direct joints.     

基于局部法评定TBCs/Q345涂层界面断裂行为

通过对涂层试样进行拉伸试验得到界面断裂时的临界载荷．采用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了涂层试样的断裂行为．推导了基于统计学思想的局部法用于界面断裂的理论公式,通过编制Fortran程序求出影响界面断裂的威布尔参数．采用局部法分析了涂层界面断裂行为对试样缺陷尺寸的依赖性．发现临界威布尔应力与试样尺寸和加载形式无关,不同缺陷尺寸的试样发生界面断裂时,在相同断裂概率下其威布尔应力基本相同,并基于局部法通过预制裂纹试样的试验结果成功预测了另一种裂纹尺寸试样的断裂数据分布,说明局部法可以用来描述涂层界面的断裂行为,并用于界面完整性评定中．     

合金元素对SiC/Al双连通复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空压力浸渗方法制备SiC3D/ZL201A双连通复合材料,借助电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)等分析手段,研究合金元素对SiC/Al双连通复合材料组织结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:SiC3D/ZL201A界面存在Cu、Mg等元素的偏聚,界面组织结构得到改善;合金元素导致SiC3D/ZL201A压缩强度高于SiC3D/纯铝,弯曲强度低于SiC3D/纯铝;SiC3D/ZL201A失效形式主要表现为界面断裂,SiC骨架呈现脆性断裂,铝合金基体呈现韧性撕裂断裂;合金元素产物通过钝化裂纹,改变裂纹扩展方向,桥联等作用提高复合材料的力学性能。     

高铌TiAl/Ti600合金电子束焊接头组织与性能

对高铌TiAl/Ti600合金进行了电子束焊接试验以便对高温钛合金与高铌TiAl合金高质焊接提供理论及试验依据,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射仪等设备对焊接试样进行了分析.结果表明,高铌TiAl/Ti600接头极易产生裂纹缺陷.接头焊缝主要形成细针状α₂-Ti₃Al相及α-Ti相,而高铌TiAl侧热影响区呈现板条状及等轴组织形貌,Ti600侧热影响区为针状α'相.接头焊缝区硬度最大,达到586 HV,Ti600侧向高铌TiAl侧过渡过程中硬度逐渐增大,由焊缝到两侧热影响区硬度过渡梯度较大.高铌TiAl/Ti600电子束焊接头室温抗拉强度可达516 MPa,且接头断裂于偏高铌TiAl侧焊缝区,断裂性质为典型的脆性解理断裂,呈现穿晶断裂特征.