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溶液除湿中基于水蒸气压差的传质系数 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了溶液除湿系统中气液界面间传质过程的影响因素,以气液界面间传质的直接驱动力--溶液表面蒸气压与湿空气中水蒸气分压差为基础,提出了以蒸气压差为变量的传质系数关联式,采用已公开发表的实验数据(LiCl溶液,纤维规整型填料)拟合获取关联式中常数项,得到除湿过程传质系数关联式。采用不同结构填料(LiCl溶液,PVC规整型填料)已公开发表的实验数据对该关联式进行验证,实验值与计算值相对偏差为-10.48%~5.28%。为进一步验证该关联式,搭建了热泵型溶液除湿系统(LiBr溶液,翅片管式热湿交换器),用获得的实验数据对得到的关联式进行验证,相对偏差为-1.8%~12.8%。3组实验值与计算值的对比表明,以蒸气压差为主要变量的传质系数关联式对规整型填料溶液除湿器传质系数的模拟计算具有较高的计算精度。 相似文献
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聚酰胺酸纺丝溶液的流变性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由均苯四酸二酐(PMDA)和4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)中共聚合制得聚酰亚胺前驱体——聚酰胺酸的纺丝溶液,采用哈克流变仪研究了溶液的流变性能。结果表明:聚酰胺酸溶液属于切力变稀的非牛顿流体;溶液的表观黏度随溶液温度的升高而降低,随溶液浓度的升高或聚合物特性黏度的增大而增大。溶液温度的升高、浓度的降低或聚合物特性黏度的减小均使得聚酰胺酸溶液呈现切力变稀行为的临界剪切速率变大,使得溶液的非牛顿指数增大,同时使得溶液的结构黏度指数减小。溶液的黏流活化能随剪切速率的增加或随溶液浓度的增高而下降。 相似文献
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以3,3',4,4'-二苯酮四酸二酐(BTDA),3,3',4,4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA),对苯二胺(PDA)和4,4'-二苯醚二胺(ODA)为原料,制备了四元共聚聚酰胺酸溶液,并对该溶液的流变性能进行了研究,探讨了溶液的剪切黏性特征及其影响因素,并在交变应变下研究了溶液的储能模量(G')和损耗模量(G')以及力... 相似文献
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针对强制气流作用下溶液的蒸发过程,在分析气液相间力学特性的基础上,根据Levich涡流衰减理论和边界层理论,将气流流动状态与相间传质结合,研究了湍流气流横掠液面过程中气液相间的传质变化规律,分析了雷诺数、气流流道结构及普朗特混合长度对传质的影响,得到了气液相间的湍流质扩散系数的变化规律,湍流气流横掠液面条件下的对流传质准则数Sh=0.221Sc1/3Rex1/2. 结果表明,湍流扩散系数、传质系数与气流的流动状态密切相关,气流流道结构对气液相间的传质有重要影响. 相似文献
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Gas phase mass transfer in falling film microreactors (FFMRs) with the absorption of CO2 into aqueous solutions of NaOH was investigated. The overall gas-phase mass transfer coefficient increases with NaOH concentration, but decreases as the concentration of CO2 increases. There exists an entrance effect, hindering the mass transfer, which is caused by the dead volume for gas-phase flow in the gas chamber in FFMRs. The entrance effect has a larger impact in a shorter FFMR owing to the relatively large dead volume with respect to that of gas chamber. A decrease in the depth of gas chamber facilitates the mass transfer process. Therefore, the gas-phase entrance or geometry of the gas chamber should be designed appropriately to reduce the entrance effect and improve the mass transfer. 相似文献
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基于热质传递解耦特性的溶液除湿过程传热传质系数(Ⅰ)模型与Le-hD分离测量法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
溶液除湿过程是溶液除湿空调系统中的一个非常重要的耦合传热传质过程。本文对填料塔结构的溶液除湿器建立了一种NTU-Le模型,并基于此模型得到了溶液除湿过程传热传质特性——Lewis数对空气出口含湿量基本无影响,提出一种溶液除湿耦合热质传递过程的热质传递解耦方法——Le -hD分离测量法,来测定溶液除湿过程的耦合传热传质系数。 相似文献
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转子结构为相互嵌套填料环的新型旋转填料床是基于强化气膜控制传质过程的新型高效传质设备,可适用于受气膜控制的吸收、精馏和低浓度工业气体的净化等过程。分别以化学吸收体系CO2-NaOH和物理吸收体系NH3-H2O测定了不同气量、液气比和超重力因子条件下的有效比表面积a和气相体积传质系数kya,并由此得到气相传质系数ky,对其传质性能进行研究。实验结果表明:a、kya和ky均随着气量、液气比和超重力因子的增大而增大。通过对比可知,新型旋转填料床的气相体积传质系数在相近操作条件下是文献逆流旋转填料床的2倍。并对实验数据进行了回归,拟合出了a、kya和ky分别与气相雷诺数ReG、液相韦伯数WeL和伽利略数Ga之间的关联式。 相似文献
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为研究动力波洗涤器内的气液传质特性,在动力波洗涤器中,进行NaOH溶液吸收混合气体中微量CO2气体的吸收实验。参考填料塔中钠碱溶液吸收低浓气体的传质模型,测定了动力波洗涤器中NaOH溶液吸收低浓CO2的气相体积总传质系数KGa及吸收效率η。研究了气相速度、NaOH溶液质量分数及液气比对KGa的影响,结果表明:KGa随着气相速度及NaOH溶液质量分数的增加而增大,但NaOH溶液质量分数小于气相速度对KGa的影响;随着液气比的提高,KGa逐渐减小,η开始随着液气比的提高而增加,但到一定数值后,效果不明显;回归了KGa的准数关联式,并依据液气比对KGa及η的综合评价,提出洗涤管直径为100 mm,NaOH溶液质量分数为10%,液气比操作范围在0.005—0.025时,动力波洗涤器具有较高的综合传质性能,为工业应用提供参考。 相似文献
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This paper presents the results of studies of mass and heat transfer mechanisms in the osmotic distillation process. These results have allowed the establishment of a transfer model to predict production data (water flux and juice concentration) using various operating parameters. Also, the similarities and the differences between the osmotic distillation and the membrane distillation processes are discussed. 相似文献
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多级环流反应器通常在段间安装多孔分布板或其它内构件,增加了流体流动的阻力,导致环流液速降低。为此,今在多级环流反应器研究的基础上,设计了一种新型三段进气、多级环流反应器,利用新通入气体的抽提力和喷射力,缓解了段间的流动压降,并加速气泡的破碎;重点考察了进气量在各段中的分配比例对分段进气多级环流反应器流体力学的影响。应用多通道电导探针气泡特征参数测量仪和溶解氧分析仪分别测量气泡参数(气含率、气泡速度、气泡直径)及体积传质系数。实验结果表明:三段同时进气时,气泡直径明显减小,气液接触比表面积增加显著;体积传质系数远高于多级环流反应器,最大值约为多级环流反应器的2.3倍。根据修正双膜理论,计算得到了三段进气时体积传质系数的经验关联式,较好地反映出体积传质系数的变化规律。 相似文献
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J.L. Guiñón J. García-Antón V. Pérez-Herranz 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2000,30(3):379-384
The effect of benzotriazole, BTA, on mass transfer in dissolution-corrosion of the copper rotating disk electrode in 0.02 M Fe(III)–0.5 M H2SO4 has been studied by means of atomic absorption spectrometry. The mass transfer coefficient, K, was determined from the slope of ln(C
0/C)Fe(III) vs. time plots. In the absence of BTA the corrosion process can be described by the correlation Sh = KR/D = 4.47Re
0.5. The difference in values between Sh and Sh
Levich, and the change in slope in the Arrenhius plot points to mixed control for the cathodic process Fe3+ + 1e– Fe 2+ and charge transfer control for the anodic process, Cu Cu2+ + 2e. The average activation energies were 7.7 kJ mol–1 and 19.5 kJ mol–1 at (500–1500) and (2000–3000) rpm, respectively. At low concentration of BTA the inhibiting action of BTA increases with concentration and with rotation speed. For [BTA] 5 × 10–3 M, the K value, 10–4 cm s–1, remains constant and is independent of rotation rate. The morphology of the copper rotating disk after corrosion in the absence and presence of BTA was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 相似文献
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Ting-Chia Huang Ruey-Shin Juang Tzung-Huei Huang 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1987,39(2):93-106
The mass transfer equation describing the transport phenomena of sodium chloride is derived for the simulated crystallizing pond during the rainfall period. According to the theoretical and experimental results, the dissolution rate of NaCl is shown to be controlled by the combination of salt transport including the diffusion and convection of solute in solution and surface dissolution reaction including the desorption and surface diffusion of solute. It is found that both the dissolution and convective mass transfer coefficients are proportional to the total rainfall quantity, and inversely proportional to the brine depth. The variation of dissolution mass transfer coefficient to the total rainfall quantity and brine depth is correlated from the experimental results. Correlation of the convective mass transfer coefficient is also obtained by using the numerical solution of the mass transfer equation. 相似文献