肉类预制菜肴加工中的品质形成与保持

随着城乡居民生活节奏的加快,肉类预制菜肴逐渐成为肉类消费市场的新亮点.目前,我国肉类预制菜肴多为手工或作坊式加工,产品质量稳定性无法得到保证,关键加工技术的缺乏已成为制约我国肉类预制菜肴发展的“瓶颈”.本文分析了肉类预制菜肴加工中的品质形成与保持的关键因素,重点讨论了肉类预制菜肴加工中的综合减菌化、调香机制、传统工艺的工业化适应性改造与创新、真空和气体置换包装、双峰变温法热水喷淋杀菌等共性关键技术,阐述了其在肉类预制菜肴加工中品质形成与保持中的重要作用.     

超高压技术在预制调理食品生产中的应用研究进展

预制调理食品顺应现代社会生活节奏加快和生活水平提高的潮流,让传统的中式菜肴实现了烹饪工业化、菜肴商品化以及行销全球化,焕发出新的生机。超高压技术是一种新型非热加工技术,可用于食品的杀菌、灭酶和改性等,同时可以很好地保护和改善食品的营养、色泽和风味。介绍了调理食品和超高压加工技术,并分析了超高压技术在调理食品不同加工阶段的应用研究情况和出现的问题,在此基础上展望了超高压技术在预制调理食品中的广泛应用。     

预制菜肴工业化加工技术现状与趋势分析

菜肴是中华美食的重要组成部分,其中的预制菜肴产业方兴未艾,正成为乡村产业振兴和农业农村现代化的支柱产业。然而,当前我国预制菜肴加工存在概念模糊、技术装备落后、标准缺失等问题,严重阻碍了预制菜肴产业的健康、快速发展。本文通过系统梳理预制菜肴概念、分类、发展历程、产业规模和存在问题,提出预制菜肴亟需突破的减菌、风味发育与保持、包装与仓储物流等关键技术;针对预制菜肴工业化加工特征品质保持难、绿色加工技术缺乏与工业装备落后的问题提出发展建议,以期为预制菜肴产业健康发展提供借鉴和参考。     

冷冻家禽类预制菜加工及复热技术研究进展

预制菜是指以农、畜、禽、水产品为原料,经过标准化生产得到的成品或半成品。随着宅经济、家庭小型化和生活节奏的改变,预制菜行业迅猛发展。家禽预制菜是预制菜行业的重要分枝,市场上主要的产品有冷冻形式的白切鸡、椒麻鸡、盐焗鸡等卤煮类产品;也有道口烧鸡、辣子鸡丁等常温保藏类;还有盐水鸭等低温保藏食品。加工技术和复热技术良莠不齐,原料控制、腌制入味、熟化工艺和匹配的设备等影响着产品的质量;特别是冷冻类预制菜,复热技术和程度对菜品的品质影响较大,缺乏家禽预制菜肴和复热技术的理论研究。本文综述了加工技术以及复热技术对冷冻家禽预制菜的影响,为改善家禽预制菜的食用品质提供理论支撑,同时为预制菜加工企业、中央厨房以及家庭饮食中获得安全、高质量的冷冻家禽预制菜提供思路。     

超高压技术及其在中式菜肴杀菌中的应用

中式菜肴作为我国传统食品,历史悠久,具有种类多样、地方风味浓郁等特点,备受消费者青睐。中式菜肴工业化能够满足高效、快节奏的生活需求,适应时代的发展和人们不断提高的生活水平。传统的热杀菌方式虽然能保证工业化中式菜肴产品的安全性,但是会造成对品质的损坏,成为制约我国传统中式菜肴工业化发展的重要因素之一。超高压杀菌技术作为新型的杀菌技术,不仅能够保证食品的安全性,还能有效改善和提高食品品质。本文综述超高压技术在中式菜肴杀菌中应用的研究现状,梳理近年来我国在该领域获得的专利成果,并对超高压技术在中式菜肴加工中的应用所存在的问题及未来发展方向进行展望。     

菜肴类预制调理食品的开发及品质研究进展

快节奏的生活方式与营养健康的饮食理念使得预制调理食品得到发展,而预制调理食品的出现使得中式菜肴的工业化生产得到推进。从菜肴类预制调理食品的开发研究现状展开介绍,并对预制调理食品的品质变化以及控制方法进行综述,原料方面包括蔬菜的护色与保脆、肉类的脂肪氧化及其控制;微生物防控方面包括杀菌方法与包装方式。并对风味物质测定与分析的相关研究做出总结,希望为菜肴类预制调理食品的进一步研究以及中式菜肴的标准化与工业化生产提供参考。     

川渝预制菜产业现状与发展路径分析

随着人们饮食习惯的改变和消费的升级,预制菜成为大众餐桌上的“新宠”,产业规模逐步迈向万亿级市场。川渝菜肴在中国菜系中占据重要地位,是中式预制菜的重要方向之一。本文首先介绍现代川渝菜系涵盖的种类及特点,总结以菜肴、火锅、特色主食为代表的预制产业发展现状,并根据现代川渝菜系的风味、生产、流通等特点对川渝预制菜进行系统性分类,提出以产业发展为导向的川渝预制菜科学分类方式,并以此为背景梳理川渝预制菜肴在菜肴品质形成机制、健康化提升、原料加工适应性、产品品质保真、智能加工制造、产品质量标准化等方面的研究进展及存在的技术问题,讨论川渝预制菜产业技术发展方向,以期加速新技术、新工艺、新设备在川渝预制菜中的应用,推动川渝预制菜产业的高质量发展。     

预制菜肴产品加工过程中的安全问题和策略分析

近年来,各大食品生产企业纷纷将视线聚焦于预制菜肴产品,但我国预制菜肴起步较晚,在食品安全质量体系中尚存在漏洞。为保证预制菜肴可持续发展,必须排除食品生产加工过程中的安全隐患,在高速发展预制菜肴产业的同时恪守食品安全底线。文章总结了预制菜肴在食材处理、烹调过程中可能存在的安全隐患,并从食品企业、食品产业制度、加工过程等角度分析并给出改善预制菜肴食品安全问题的建议,帮助企业解决食品安全问题,打造高质量预制菜肴品牌,推动行业发展。     

软包装技术在我国预制肉类菜肴制品贮藏中的应用

肉类菜肴制品是我国居民餐桌上重要的预制食品,深受消费者喜欢。目前我国预制肉类菜肴制品包装种类繁多,不同产品适用的包装不同。本文从我国肉类菜肴制品中常见的包装材料和包装形式,不同包装对肉类菜肴制品品质的影响,肉类菜肴制品包装的发展趋势,以及提升我国肉类菜肴制品包装业的建议几个方面进行了阐述,以期为肉类菜肴制品生产者提供参考。     

植物资源在改善肉类预制菜肴品质中的应用前景

肉制品是人类重要的蛋白质来源。肉类预制菜肴的加工和贮藏过程中容易发生过氧化反应与微生物污染,造成营养流失、色泽衰退、风味下降。传统肉制品抗氧化剂对人体健康带来的安全隐患问题已引起人们重视,天然植物资源在调控肉制品营养与品质中的应用备受关注。天然植物中富含多酚、多糖、有机酸、萜类化合物等活性成分,对于肉制品的色泽、氧化、风味及有害物质生成等均具有良好调控作用。该研究围绕着肉类预制菜肴关键的品质变化、植物中典型的活性物质、天然活性物质在肉类预制菜肴中的应用现状这三个方面进行综述,并对当前植物资源在改善预制菜肴品质中存在问题和未来发展方向进行分析,为肉类预制菜行业高质量发展提供参考。     

感官分析在广式传统肉品研制与品控中的应用研究进展

广式传统肉品是我国粤菜的重要组成部分。广式传统肉品大多口味清淡,注重通过烹调呈现肉类天然风味。饮食全球化使广式传统肉品的加工面临升级提升需求。感官分析是生产者对食品加工品质控制、把握消费者对产品需求的市场调查等活动中一种重要且无可替代的方法。感官导向型食品生产方式已成为未来广式传统肉品提升发展的新趋势。本文综述了目前感官分析在广式传统肉品研发与品质控制中的应用研究现状,以期促进感官导向型方式在广式传统肉品工业化生产中进一步推广应用。     

滚揉技术在肉制品加工中的应用研究进展

为进一步促进滚揉技术在现代肉制品加工中的应用,本文在阐明滚揉技术工作原理及其主要影响因素（真 空度、滚揉温度、滚揉时间、转速及滚揉方式）基础上,分析滚揉技术在肉制品加工中的应用现状以及滚揉技术与 现代食品加工新技术的联合应用研究进展。通过分析发现,滚揉技术在传统腌腊肉制品、西式肉制品和预调理肉制 品加工中的应用研究较多;在与食品加工新技术联合应用方面,主要有超声波、充气变压、脉动真空技术与滚揉技 术联合应用的报道。总之,滚揉技术在肉制品加工中的应用主要集中在产品品质改良和质量安全控制方面。     

Relating Food Engineering to Cooking and Gastronomy

Modern consumers are increasingly eating meals away from home and are concerned about food quality, taste, and health aspects. Food engineering (FE) has traditionally been associated with the industrial processing of foods; however, most underlying phenomena related to FE also take place in the kitchen during meal preparation. Although chemists have positively interacted with acclaimed chefs and physicists have used foods as materials to demonstrate some of their theories, this has not been always the case with food engineers. This review addresses areas that may broaden the vision of FE by interfacing with cooking and gastronomy. Examples are presented where food materials science may shed light on otherwise empirical gastronomic formulations and cooking techniques. A review of contributions in modeling of food processing reveals that they can also be adapted to events going on in pots and ovens, and that results can be made available in simple terms to cooks. Industrial technologies, traditional and emerging, may be adapted to expand the collection of culinary transformations, while novel equipment, digital technologies, and laboratory instruments are equipping the 21st‐century kitchens. FE should become a part of food innovation and entrepreneurship now being led by chefs. Finally, it is suggested that food engineers become integrated into gastronomy's concerns about safety, sustainability, nutrition, and a better food use.     

肉类休闲食品品质提升与安全控制研究进展

随着经济的快速发展与人民消费水平的不断提升,肉类休闲食品产业也随之快速发展。肉类休闲食品属于零食的一种,是人们在闲暇时所享用的食品,也是快速消费食品中重要的组成部分之一。肉类休闲食品种类繁多,在味道、便利、营养、口感和健康方面备受人们青睐。与此同时,随着消费理念不断更新,肉类休闲食品品质与食品安全问题日益受到关注。肉类休闲食品在目前的发展面临诸如肉制品的品质较低等问题,因此需要提升其品质,尤其是在减盐、减糖、减脂、增鲜等方面。在食品加工中存在一些危害物等安全隐患,如化学性、物理性及加工伴生危害物等,需要建立起检测技术和控制技术以做到安全控制。基于此,文章系统性总结了肉类休闲食品品质提升的方法及安全控制领域近十年来的研究进展,以期为肉类休闲食品品质安全保证及产业升级提供借鉴与参考,进而促进肉类休闲食品产业的高质量发展。     

我国肉品加工科技现状及趋势

我国是世界肉品生产和消费第一大国。2018年,我国肉品总产量8 624 万t,占世界肉品总产量的1/3。 1949—2019年的70 年发展历程里,我国肉品加工业一方面引进西方先进技术改造落后产能,另一方面加强中华传 统肉制品加工技术改革创新,经历了冷冻肉、高温肉制品、冷却肉、低温肉制品、传统肉制品工业化和营养肉制品 加工等发展阶段,在品质提升、营养保持、标准加工、安全控制及绿色制造等共性关键技术研发上取得长足进步。 当前,我国人民对肉品消费的需求已从数量安全到质量安全再到营养健康快速转变,初步建立了以市场需求为导 向,以畜禽宰后保鲜、物流、加工等为主体,相关服务业为支撑的全产业链新型肉品加工产业。基于我国肉品加工 产业现状和未来产业需求,智能化屠宰分级分割、生鲜肉智慧物流保鲜、梯次化绿色加工、共产物高值化利用、质 量与安全和营养健康是肉品加工科技发展新趋势。本文综述我国当前肉品加工产业现状、科技现状、存在问题以及 肉品加工科技趋势,为未来30 年肉品加工发展提出建议。     

Dairy foods and novel thermal and non-thermal processing: A bibliometric analysis

Processing dairy products by conventional methods, such as pasteurization, can induce chemical reactions and physicochemical alterations, compromising nutritional and sensory quality. Thus, there is a growing worldwide demand for studies related to emerging processing technologies. This study aims to describe trends related to dairy processing through the application of emerging technologies. In this sense, articles published in this area of research in the last decade were retrieved from scientific databases, and their findings were analyzed through a bibliometric study. Reviews and original articles expressed 40 and 60% of publications, respectively, and novel thermal and non-thermal processing studies showed multidisciplinary approaches. Ohmic heating and microwave heating were the most discussed novel thermal technologies in the processing of dairy products. Among non-thermal technologies, there was a more significant trend in studies on ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure, and pulsed electric fields. The impact of the application of novel food technologies concerning quality, safety, and energy efficiency compared to traditional methods and the influence of critical operating conditions for process control were the most studied areas. Furthermore, the impact of novel non-thermal food processing technologies from the consumer's point of view is emerging. These results can be used for future innovations by the dairy industry.Industrial relevanceDairy foods are important food matrices considering a nutritional and functional point of view and recommended in a regular diet for consumers of all ages. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was performed considering dairy foods and novel thermal and non-thermal processing. A higher number of publications considering non-thermal technologies was reported, highlighting the need for food processing without applying high temperatures. High hydrostatic pressure, ultrasonication, and pulsed electric fields were the most discussed non-thermal technologies. At the same time, ohmic heating and microwave heating were the most reported thermal technologies. Furthermore, the most used applications, critical process parameters, and food properties to be evaluated are highlighted and discussed. The results could be used as a basis for the dairy processors to implement non-conventional technologies as an option at their production lines, as they demonstrate the most relevant process parameters and food characteristics to be evaluated, helping them to choose the parameters with higher impact and firstly consider them. Furthermore, consumers studies are important and should evaluate consumer perception about the products and the perceived benefits and risks of the novel technologies.     

Biomimetic-based odor and taste sensing systems to food quality and safety characterization: An overview on basic principles and recent achievements

The appreciation of food is based on the perception of many senses; in fact for a total estimation the human senses are involved. Biomimetics as the ‘abstraction of good design from nature’ is to analyze and tap nature’s huge reservoir of potential innovative solutions. These biological solutions are cost-efficient, multi-functional and environmentally friendly. Human sense inspired sensor technologies such as multi arrays of sensors are of interest to food industry for food control and sensory evaluation. These systems mimic the human sense to provide a decision on final food quality and safety. Nanotechnology techniques and biosensors are the recent advances in these systems. Odor and taste sensors are interestingly under consideration to food engineers and scientist for application in food processing tasks such as drying, packaging, sorting and so on. Soft computing together with computer development is the promising outlook to enhance the performance of these sensing systems to food quality and safety characterization. This paper deals with some aspects of such systems (odor sensor and taste sensor) and some of more recent applications and advances for food control in food research and technology are discussed as well.     

Nanotechnology in the food sector and potential applications for the poultry industry

BackgroundSalmonellosis and campylobacteriosis are among the most frequently reported foodborne diseases worldwide. Commercial chicken meat has been identified as one of the most important food vehicles for Salmonella and Campylobacter infection. Increased poultry consumption has forced producers to explore methods for increasing their production output, while maintaining the affordability and safety of their products. While the forecast benefits of nanotechnology have yet to be fully realised, it has potential application at many points along the food production chain and offers the opportunity to meet these challenges.Scope and approachThe commercial poultry processing environment plays a significant role in reducing foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms from poultry products prior to being supplied to consumers. This review discusses the potential opportunities and challenges for adopting nano-enabled technologies in the poultry industry, with respect to applications in microbiological food safety and quality assurance in the processing plant.Key findings and conclusionsSeveral possibilities exist to exploit the benefits of nanotechnologies in the poultry processing plant to enhance the microbiological safety and quality of products. Those applications include the adoption of nano-enabled disinfectants, surface biocides, protective clothing, air and water filters, packaging, biosensors and rapid detection methods for contaminants, and technologies that assure the authenticity and traceability of products. Although the fate and potential toxicity of nanomaterials are not fully understood at this time and scientific risk assessments are required, it is evident that there have been significant advances in the application of novel nanotechnologies in the food industry.     

高强脉冲电场对食品成分的影响

强脉冲电场是近年来发展起来的一项非热食品绿色加工新技术,有望取代传统热处理技术,从而引起了业内广泛关注.本文综述了强脉冲电场处理对液态食品品质和成分的影响,与热处理相比,强脉冲电场处理具有保存食品原有风味和营养价值的特性.