摩洛哥发酵橄榄汁中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其多样性研究

为了分离、保藏自然发酵食品中乳酸菌资源,丰富自然发酵食品中乳酸菌多样性信息,本文采用纯培养方法和宏基因组16S rRNA基因测序技术对采集自摩洛哥的2份自然发酵橄榄汁中的乳酸菌进行分离鉴定和多样性研究。结果表明:2份样品中共分离鉴定出52株乳酸菌,分属于3个属、4个种,其中乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）为摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡地区发酵橄榄汁中的优势菌种,占总分离株的42.31%,同时还分离到植物乳杆菌和肠球菌;利用PacBio SMRT16S rRNA测序技术,将橄榄汁中的细菌归为5个门、40个属和80个种,优势菌种同样为Lactococcus lactis,其次还检测到干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）和植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）。     

阿尤恩地区自然发酵牛乳中乳酸菌分离鉴定及多样性研究

为了分离、保藏自然发酵乳中乳酸菌菌种,丰富自然发酵乳中乳酸菌多样性信息.本文采用传统的纯培养分离方法和宏基因组16S rRNA基因测序技术对阿尤恩地区自然发酵牛乳的乳酸菌多样性进行研究.纯培养结果表明:5份自然发酵牛乳中共分离出111株乳酸菌,鉴定为5个属10个种,其中Lactococcus lactis,占总分离株的...     

甘肃肃南牧区传统发酵乳中乳酸菌的分离鉴定

以5份甘肃肃南牧区传统发酵乳制品为原料进行乳酸菌的分离和鉴定,共分离出25株乳酸菌。对其中23株产乳酸的菌株利用形态、生理生化分析和碳水化合物发酵产酸实验进行鉴定。经鉴定得出23株分属为4个属,11个种。其中乳杆菌属[Lactobacillus(L.)]11株,乳球菌属(Lactococcus)6株,明串珠菌属(Leuconostoc)3株,肠球菌属(Enterococcus)3株。具体来说,L.plantarum6株、L.fermentum2株、L.brevis1株、L.minor2株、L.lactis subsp.lactis3株、L.lactis subsp.cermoris3株、L.mesenteroides1株、L.lactis2株、E.faecium1株、E.faecalis1株、E.durans1株。L.plantarum占分离菌株的26.1%,是优势菌株。      

内蒙古阿拉善驼乳制品中乳酸菌分离鉴定及微生物多样性研究

内蒙古传统乳制品是乳酸菌的优质培养基,为保藏内蒙古阿拉善地区驼乳制品中的乳酸菌资源,并研究其中微生物多样性,本研究分别采用纯培养方法与宏基因组测序技术进行分析。宏基因组分析表明:阿拉善地区鲜驼乳微生物多样性明显高于酸驼乳,18份样品中共鉴定到157个种。鲜驼乳的优势菌种为乳酸乳球菌(13.22%)和桂林不动杆菌(10.65%);酸驼乳的优势菌种为瑞士乳杆菌(72.66%)、马乳酒样乳杆菌(8.32%)和乳酸乳球菌(4.28%)。纯培养进一步从鲜驼乳和酸驼乳中分离到121株乳酸菌,鉴定为4个属的14个种,其中鲜驼乳的优势菌株为乳酸乳球菌(62.00%),酸驼乳的优势菌株为瑞士乳杆菌(40.00%)、马乳酒样乳杆菌(19.00%),与宏基因组测序结果一致。宏基因组测序联合纯培养法可有效实现驼乳样品微生物多样性分析与乳酸菌资源挖掘,为驼乳的工业化生产与乳酸菌资源利用提供理论依据。     

新疆哈萨克族发酵酸驼乳中乳酸菌的分子生物学鉴定

从新疆哈萨克族牧民发酵酸驼乳中筛选稳定、活力较强的乳酸菌菌株,用MRS 培养基和种子培养基进行活化后,经DNA 提取和PCR 扩增,将扩增成功菌株的PCR 产物测序结果通过NCBI 数据库比对,对酸驼乳中乳酸菌菌株的16S rDNA 序列和已报道的乳酸菌菌株16S rDNA 序列用MegAlign Fasta 软件进行系统发育分析表明：菌株A3 与Lactobacillus rhamnosus(HM162419)相似率为94.6%,菌株B1 与Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis(EU872262)相似率为96.6%。     

内蒙古传统发酵驼乳中乳酸菌和酵母菌的分离鉴定及其生物多样性分析

采用传统培养方法对4份内蒙古阿拉善盟传统发酵驼乳样品中的乳酸菌和酵母菌进行分离纯化,运用16S rRNA基因序列分析方法进行种属鉴定,同时采用Pac Bio SMRT三代测序技术对样品中的细菌和真菌多样性进行研究。发酵驼乳中共分离到8株乳酸菌和5株酵母菌,乳酸菌包括1株胚芽乳杆菌、2株瑞士乳杆菌、2株嗜热链球菌、2株假肠膜明串珠菌和1株开菲尔基质乳杆菌。酵母菌包括1株马克斯克鲁维酵母、2株酿酒酵母、1株诞沫假丝酵母和1株芽殖酵母。Pac Bio SMRT测序结果显示,硬壁菌门为4份发酵驼乳样品中的优势细菌门,乳杆菌属为优势细菌属,以及瑞士乳杆菌为优势细菌种;子囊菌门为发酵驼乳样品中的优势真菌门,克鲁维酵母菌属为优势真菌属以及马克斯克鲁维酵母为优势真菌种。     

内蒙古赤峰地区传统发酵乳制品中乳酸菌的分离与鉴定

通过探索内蒙古赤峰地区传统发酵乳制品中乳酸菌的多样性,为当地人们制作传统发酵乳制品提供理论依据与菌种资源是具有重要意义的。通过采用传统纯培养方法对15份采集来自内蒙古赤峰地区的传统发酵乳制品(6份酸奶油样品、5份酸牛奶样品、4份奶豆腐样品)进行乳酸菌的分离纯化,运用16S rRNA序列分析和系统发育进化关系对其种属进行鉴定。结果表明:经16S rRNA基因序列分析,将分离到的116株乳酸菌鉴定为7个属,13个种。其中Lactococcus lactis占总分离株的56%,是内蒙古赤峰地区发酵乳制品中的优势菌种。     

基于纯培养方法和PacBio三代测序技术研究蒙古国传统酸马奶中乳酸菌多样性

通过纯培养方法结合PacBio三代测序技术对采自蒙古国的12份传统酸马奶中的乳酸菌多样性进行研究。应用传统的纯培养技术从12份传统酸马奶样品中分离出62株乳酸菌,通过16S rRNA基因序列分析和系统进化关系研究,62株乳酸菌被鉴定为5个属,6个种,分别是:25株瑞士乳杆菌、20株植物乳杆菌、7株产马乳酒乳杆菌、5株屎肠球菌、3株嗜热链球菌和2株粪肠球菌。采用PacBio SMRT测序技术研究其中8份样品中乳酸菌的多样性,宏基因组测序得到的优势菌为乳酸菌,同时也检测到一些痕量的其它种属细菌。共检测到5个乳酸菌的属,分别是:乳杆菌属、乳球菌属、链球菌属、明串珠菌属和肠球菌属,20个乳酸菌的种,即:瑞士乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、副乳链球菌、棉子糖乳球菌、肠膜阴串珠球菌和产马乳酒乳杆菌。宏基因组测序相对含量表明:蒙古国酸马奶样品中乳酸菌优势属为乳杆菌属(95.56%),优势种为瑞士乳杆菌(94.64%),纯培养方法和宏基因组三代测序方法都表明瑞士乳杆菌为蒙古国传统酸马奶中的优势菌种。宏基因组测序技术除检测到纯培养获得的菌株外,还获得14个低丰度乳酸菌,如棉籽糖乳球菌、肠膜明串珠球菌和开菲尔乳杆菌等,这些菌在酸马奶中含量较少。通过PacBio SMRT测序技术可以全面了解酸马奶中乳酸菌的多样性,为通过纯培养方法获得低丰度乳酸菌提供指导。     

俄罗斯卡尔梅克共和国酸奶油中乳酸菌的多样性分析

俄罗斯卡尔梅克地区的传统发酵乳制品的制作具有悠久的历史,其中蕴含着丰富的乳酸菌资源。本研究对俄罗斯卡尔梅克共和国3个地区采集到的6份酸奶油进行了乳酸菌多样性分析。乳酸菌活菌计数结果显示6份酸奶油中乳酸菌数在7.30-8.62lg cfu/m L之间,采用MRS培养基从酸奶油中共分离到28株乳酸菌,经过采用16S r RNA基因序列分析将28株乳酸菌鉴定为4个属中的10个不同的种和亚种,包括:Lactobacillus brevis(1株)、Lb.paracasei(1株)、Lb.plantarum(5株)、Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis(2株)、Lac.lactis subsp.cremoris(5株)、Leuconostoc citreum(1株)、Leu.lactis(3株)、Leu.mesenteroides(5株)、Leu.pseudomesenteroides(4株)和Streptococcus thermophilus(1株),其中Leuconostoc是酸奶油的优势菌属,占分离菌株总数的50%。     

塔吉克斯坦地区自然发酵牛乳中乳酸菌的分离鉴定及多样性分析

目的:自然发酵牛乳是塔吉克斯坦地区游牧民族日常饮食的重要组成部分,其中蕴含丰富的乳酸菌资源。目前对于该地区自然发酵牛乳中的微生物群落结构和乳酸菌多样性的研究较少。方法:采用纯培养的方法结合宏基因组测序技术对塔吉克斯坦自然发酵牛乳的微生物多样性进行研究。同时,将该地区微生物群落数据集与吉尔吉斯斯坦和摩洛哥的微生物群落数据集进行比较。结果:纯培养结果显示,从7份酸牛乳中共分离92株乳酸菌,其中的优势菌种为德氏乳杆菌;宏基因组16S rRNA基因测序结果显示,德氏乳杆菌相对含量高达82%,是所有样品的优势菌种。3个地区对比分析发现,自然发酵牛乳中微生物群落具有一定的地域差异,塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦地区菌种组成上较为相似,而摩洛哥与二者差异较大。结论:获得塔吉克斯坦地区自然发酵牛乳的乳酸菌资源和多样性信息,为乳酸菌的开发利用提供了菌株,为自然发酵乳制品中乳酸菌的研究提供了基础数据。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press