盐泥压滤系统的运行情况

对青岛海晶化工集团有限公司盐水工序盐泥处理系统进行改造,将原采用3层洗泥桶洗泥改为板框式压滤机压滤盐泥,既节约了用水,又降低了盐耗,同时由盐泥排放所造成的环境污染也得到了治理,具有一定的社会效益。     

新骨灰瓷注浆性能实验

对新骨灰瓷注浆料采用不同于可塑泥料配方和在电解质的选择上进行了实验,成功地解决了实心注浆产品开裂、变形和针孔缺陷,空心注浆产品的泥缕缺陷。     

盐水车间优化洗泥操作

通过对洗泥生产操作系统进行查定 ,找出了洗泥桶自身存在的问题 ,严化、细化了生产操作 ,使洗泥指标得到了优化。     

降低氯碱盐泥含盐量的工艺改造

分析了氯碱盐泥中含盐量与洗泥水量,洗泥水温度,滤泥时间的关系,找出了影响盐泥中含盐量的主要原因,通过增加洗泥水量,提高洗泥水温度,对工艺增加板框压滤机,污水泵等措施,使盐泥含盐量由原16.13%降为7.9%,具有较好的经济和环境效益。     

联碱氨Ⅱ泥与母Ⅱ沉淀兑合综合处理新工艺

简介联碱生产装置母液封闭循环中的AⅡ泥、MⅡ沉淀循环、洗盐工序洗涤卤水精制的盐泥处理和排放的工艺路线,提出AⅡ泥与MⅡ桶锥底沉淀兑合进行二次澄清和稠厚,其稠厚的晶浆送入洗盐脏卤水精制除钙综合利用,其AⅡ泥与盐泥共同采用板框压滤的工艺路线,实现生产装置低消耗和环保目标。     

洗泥桶工艺改造小结

本文从分析造成洗泥桶废泥盐份高、洗涤效率低的原因入手，进一步讨论洗泥桶的工艺改造。     

板框压滤机使用情况介绍

我厂烧碱产量15万t／a。氯碱化盐工序澄清桶产生的盐泥经三层洗泥桶洗泥，洗涤后沉积在洗泥桶底部的盐泥白脚，含固率10％～匕％。1995年5月开始使用江苏省扬州市苏中化工机械厂生产的FBXy－54／870型机，运行至今，效果良好。由于该机板框采用复合橡胶，维修较方便。处理泥量大，每天可处理12t，消除了由于盐泥处理不及时而出现的漫泥现象，改善了环境。回收NaCI量也大大增加，每年达360t。缺点是需用水才可使滤讲脱落，劳动强度大。板框压滤机使用情况介绍@蔡军$安徽省安庆市化工总厂安环科     

四层洗泥桶空载试车电流脉动现象分析

介绍四层洗泥桶试车时所产生的脉动现象与洗泥桶结构的关系和制造质量的影响，并对洗泥桶试车时的注意事项如盘车、空载试车、负载试车等都进行了较为详细地讨论。     

盐泥压滤

1 前言我车间化盐工序在用工业原料盐和卤盐水制取精制盐水供电解槽进行反应的过程中,每日从沉清桶排出100m~3含固6%～10%的盐泥。此盐泥因从饱和盐水中分离出,因而挟带大量氯化钠。各氯碱厂一般采用三层洗泥桶工艺,将其用水洗涤后进行沉降,作固液分离。上层清液(一般称作洗泥淡盐水)又送回化盐     

自动逆洗式压滤机在阿城糖厂通过鉴定

轻工业部甜菜糖业科学研究所设计,哈尔滨内燃机厂试制的TN_1—150/1200型自动逆洗压滤机最近在阿城糖厂通过鉴定。多年来,我国制糖工业废水污染江河,过滤下来的滤泥因湿法排放,对江河等造成的环境污染十分严重。为了改变制糖设备的落后状况,轻工业部甜菜糖业科学研究所和哈尔滨内燃机厂联合研制了自动逆洗式压滤机。经过阿城糖厂生产运行考核和专家鉴定:该机在国内甜菜制糖行业首次采用了滤泥逆洗,气吹脱水和液压拉板结构。同老产品比,由于采用逆洗结     

Microstructural and mechanical characterization of high strength porcelain insulators for power transmission and distribution applications

Porcelain insulators have prodigious importance in electricity transmission and distribution network because of their high dielectric constant, electrical resistivity, and mechanical strength and these properties are closely connected to the microstructural details of the insulator. Three different porcelain insulators (Sample A, B and C) were reported in the present work. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), three point bending test and density and pore analysis were carried out to investigate the structural and mechanical properties of various insulators. The analysis confirmed that the porcelain insulators are made of industrial alumina, quartz, clay, and feldspar having amorphous as well as crystalline phase in the body. The porosity, density, and bending strength were also calculated and a correlation was developed between mechanical strength of the insulator and various physio-chemical and microstructural properties. Sample A showed the highest value of bending strength i.e. 207.20 MPa and sample C the lowest value of 112.18 MPa while sample B demonstrated the intermediate value of 170.98 MPa. To formulate high strength porcelain insulators, it was concluded that the amount of amorphous phase, dispersed corundum, and mullite content are key factors to control the mechanical strength of porcelain insulators.     

晶相组成与中铝瓷机械强度关系的研究

本研究以粘土 ,长石和石英为基本原料 ,并引入煅烧铝矾土以满足配方中的Al2 O3 含量 ,制造出了中铝质高强度陶瓷材料 ,材料的抗折强度达到 14 0MPa。通过对中铝质陶瓷材料的XRD分析 ,研究了材料晶相组成与强度之间的关系 ,并探讨了其机理     

球土含量对环保型轻质材料性能的影响

本文以陶瓷抛光废料为主要原料,辅以球土、长石、石英等,制备一种以闭口气孔为主的新型轻质建筑材料.在此基础上,采用XRD、体式显微镜、导热仪等研究了球土含量对试样的体积密度、抗压强度、物相组成、导热系数等性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着球土含量的增多,材料中莫来石相开始形成并逐渐增多,抗压强度也逐渐增强;另一方面,随着球土添加量的增加,试样中孔径明显变小,体积密度增大,相应的导热系数随体积密度的增大而直线增大.     

Sugarcane Bagasse ash substituent feldspar for the production of porcelain electrical insulators

Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) industrial waste was used to partially substitute feldspar in the production of porcelain electrical insulators from a mixture of locally available Bombawuha clay (BC), Chancho sand (CS), and mixture of Wolkite (WF) and Arerti feldspar (AF) (50:50%). The raw materials were characterized for their chemical composition, mineralogy, thermal behavior, and plasticity. The porcelain electrical insulator formulations containing various proportions of SCBA (0 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt%) were fired at different firing temperatures of 1200 °C, 1250 °C, and 1300 °C for 2.5 h. The fired bodies were evaluated for water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density, flexural strength, dielectric strength, and microstructure. The results showed that SCBA had 65.06% silica (SiO₂) and had higher alkaline and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) contents than the natural feldspars. Bombawuha clay contained kaolinite as a major mineral with a middle range plasticity index (PI = 11.2%) and the met the required purity necessary for mullite phase formation. The feldspars had a low alkali content of sodium oxide plus potassium oxide (Na₂O + K₂O) of < 6 wt %. The prepared porcelain insulator containing 10% SCBA, 50% BC, 30% mixed feldspars, and 10% CS, and fired at 1250 °C for 2.5 h exhibited a water absorption of 0.35%, flexural strength of 42.50 MPa, and a dielectric strength of 6.59 kV/mm, which satisfies the obligatory properties for quality porcelain insulators. Further, the partial replacement of feldspar by SCBA up to 10 w% lowered the firing temperature by 50 °C.     

Influence of mineralogical composition of applied ball clays on properties of porcelain tiles

Relations between quality of ball clays applied in raw materials batches for manufacture of porcelain tiles, and physical properties and microstructure of obtained tiles, were investigated. Studied clays constituted 35% of the batch, while the other components were unchangeable. Stoch index, new IR 3620/3700 index and XRIR index (Stoch index multiplied by IR 3620/3700 index), were proposed to take into account crystallinity of kaolinite and contents of illite and smectites in studied clays. Relationship between XRIR index value of clay, and water absorption and abrasion resistance of the obtained ceramic material, was found. Water absorption of the tile is also correlated with grain size distribution and bending strength of used clay. Optimal ball clay for porcelain tile production should exhibit: Stoch index - min. 4.3; IR 3620/3700 index - min. 1.2; XRIR index - min. 4.8; grain size median - max. 0.27 μm; bending strength after drying - min. 8.0 MPa.     

强化瓷和高强度日用瓷

解释了强化瓷，并从制作工艺上指出了强化瓷与高强度日用瓷的区别。把机械强度高的骨灰瓷和滑石质日用瓷列为高强度日用瓷。简要叙述了高铝强化瓷和高硅强化瓷的制造工艺，简要说明了骨灰瓷和日用滑石瓷机械强度高的原因。     

750kV交流系统用棒形支柱瓷绝缘子研究

在国家发展750 kV高电压输变电网络的情况下,作为配电设备的关键产品——棒形支柱瓷绝缘子的国产化,是电瓷行业面临的主要任务。根据输变电系统对棒形支柱瓷绝缘子的技术要求,笔者介绍了800 kV棒形支柱瓷绝缘子的设计、计算、制造、试验等试制情况。根据产品的使用特点,对瓷绝缘子配方进行了改进;同时,对800 kV棒形支柱瓷绝缘子的结构抗震稳定性进行了计算。试验结果表明,产品通过了所要求的定型试验。     

电除尘器绝缘子的设计与选择

根据电除尘器绝缘子的功能及工况条件，介绍了材质和结构形式的选择。对于电除尘器绝缘子材质的选择，首先要考虑承受运行电压的能力，其次是耐温性能和机械强度。对于结构形式的选择，应考虑有足够的厚度以耐电力冲击、足够大的爬电距离以防漏电或对地闪络、足够大的空间以防出现电晕或空间闪络。另外，介绍了高铝瓷绝缘子的成功应用及其优点。     

TEMPERATURE OF PYREX AND PORCELAIN IN SUNLIGHT1

The relative temperatures of Pyrex glass insulators and porcelain insulators in sunlight are determined in three ways. A computation using the radiation and convection heating equations gives a value of 93 °C as a maximum surface temperature of porcelain in sunlight, with an assumed shade temperature of 40°C. In a similar way 46.5° C was determined for the Pyrex insulator. Measurements are given of the rise in temperature under natural conditions of Pyrex and porcelain insulators mounted on pins. Temperature measurements were made by means of thermocouples cemented to the surface of the insulators. Extreme conditions were further obtained by means of tin reflectors. Under such conditions the experiments show that the temperature of the porcelain insulator increases on the average about three and one-half times that of the Pyrex glass insulator.     

湿法成形轻质高强棒形支柱瓷绝缘子配方的研制

对原料特别是可塑性原料进行了研究和选择,研制成功了适合于湿法成型的高强度棒形支柱瓷绝缘子配方,并进行了生产性试验,实现了产品的轻质高强。经过江西湿法基地大规模生产,干燥合格率和烧成合格率均稳定在95%以上。