Al2O3—SiO2—TiO2复合陶瓷薄膜的制备与结构

本文利用Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ法制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ－ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合陶瓷薄膜，讨论了主要内容是体系成分（Ａｌ：Ｓｉ：Ｔｉ摩尔比）对落膜制备过程及结构的影响。通过分步水解法可以得到稳定的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合溶胶，进而制备复合陶瓷薄膜。组分间的静电作用是溶胶凝结的原因。三组分中，Ｓｉ／Ｔｉ摩尔比是决定溶胶稳定性的主要因素。通过ＸＲＤ对薄膜的相组成进行了分析，表明复合薄膜由Ａｌ４Ｔｉ２ＳｉＯ１２     

离子束辅助沉积制备TiO2—Nb2OT氧敏薄膜

采用离子束辅助沉积方法在Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷衬底上制备了ＴｉＯ２－Ｎｂ２Ｏ５的氧敏薄膜。考察了薄膜组分比及退火温度对薄膜氧敏特性和结果的影响。电阻－氧分压特性测试结果表明，纯Ｎｂ２Ｏ５薄膜的氧敏特性优于纯ＴｉＯ２薄膜；掺入少量的Ｔｉ可使Ｎｂ２Ｏ５薄膜的氧敏特性提高，以５ｍｏｌ％ＴｉＯ２掺杂的Ｎｂ２Ｏ５薄膜最佳；     

超亲水TiO_2/SiO_2复合薄膜的制备与表征

通过 ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ工艺在普通钠钙玻璃表面制备了均匀透明的 ＴｉＯ２／ＳｉＯ２复合薄膜．实验结果表明：在 ＴｉＯ２薄膜中添加 ＳｉＯ２,可以抑制薄膜中 ＴｉＯ２晶粒的长大,同时薄膜表面的羟基含量增加,水在复合薄膜表面的润湿角下降,亲水能力增强．当 ＳｉＯ２含量为 １０～２０ ｍｏｌ％时获得了润湿角为０°的超亲水性薄膜．     

溶胶—凝胶法制备TiO2—SiO2复合薄膜的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶方法在单晶Ｓｉ基片上制备了ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２复合薄膜，研究了溶剂、ｐＨ值对先体溶液成胶时间的作用，溶液的浓度、甩胶时的旋转速度、涂覆层数以及热处理温度对薄膜厚度、光学性能的影响。薄膜的折射率随温度增大，其主要贡献来自于薄膜中结构的变化。并测量了薄膜的Ｉ－Ｖ、Ｃ－ｆ特性，由于薄膜中的热击穿效应而使得ＴｉＯ２含量较高的薄膜２的Ｉ－Ｖ呈非线性变化。     

医用TiO2/SiO2薄膜表面共价键合肝素研究

以γ－氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和戊二醛作为偶联剂研究了TiO2与SiO2-TiO2生物陶瓷膜表面固定肝素，利用红外光谱（FT－IR）和X光电子能谱（XPS）的测量结果表征薄膜表面肝素化前后的结构和组成：对接触角和体外血液相容性的研究表明，肝素化处理后，薄膜表面的亲水性和抗凝血性显著提高。     

多孔陶瓷薄膜表面形貌研究

用原子力显微镜（ＡＦＭ）观察Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２及Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合陶瓷薄膜的表面形貌,Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）分析表明,Ａｌ２Ｏ３薄膜的上为γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３;Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２薄由γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和非晶诚ＳｉＯ２组成;而Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２薄膜的相成分为Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ４Ｔｉ２ＳｉＯ１２和非晶态ＳｉＯ２,各相的含量随化学成分变化而变化,ＡＦＭ观察结果表明     

溶胶—凝胶制备TiO2／SiO2复合薄膜的FT—IR表征

ＦＴ－ＩＲ吸收谱用来研究具有多孔结构的ＴｉＯ２／ＳｉＯ２复合薄膜；薄膜在１２００ｃｍ＾－１有一较强的肩峰，其强度与峰位随热处理温度度而生变化。在９５５ｃｍ＾－１的吸收峰是由于Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｔｉ和Ｓｉ－ＯＨ的结果，并随着热处理 度的提高其吸收峰完全是Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｔｉ振动所引起的，其峰位随着ＴｉＯ２的增加，向低频区域移动。     

医用NiTi合金表面溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2-SiO2薄膜

采用溶胶－凝胶法在ＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金表面制备了ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２复合薄膜,在提高医用ＮｉＴｉ合金的抗腐蚀性方面,收到了显著的效果．运用电化学方法对不同组成的ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２薄膜在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为进行了研究,结果表明,随薄膜中 Ｔｉ／Ｓｉ比的增加,ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２薄膜的抗腐蚀性增强．划痕试验表明 ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２（Ｔｉ／Ｓｉ＝４：１）膜与ＮｉＴｉ合金基体具有较高的界面结合强度．用原子力显微镜（ＡＦＭ）对ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２薄膜的表面形貌及表面粗糙度进行观察和分析,解释并讨论了ＴｉＯ_２－ＳｉＯ_２薄膜的配方组成与其抗腐蚀性的关系,ＳｉＯ_２含量较少时,薄膜结构致密,膜层均匀平滑,且膜基结合力好,作为医用ＮｉＴｉ合金的表面保护层,可以使其耐腐蚀性有显著提高．     

TiO2光催化薄膜的XPS研究

利用ＴｉＯ２溶胶通过浸涂技术在钠钙玻璃表面制备了ＴｉＯ２光催化薄膜,根据Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）对薄膜进行了表征。结果表明,薄膜中除含有＋４价Ｔｉ的氧化物外,还有一定量的＋３和＋２价Ｔｉ的氧化物。结合有机基团燃烧的还原作用、玻璃中钠与钙离子的扩散和Ａｒ离子刻蚀,对这种现象作了讨论。Ｏｌｓ的高分辨谱比文献报道的更复杂。元素在薄膜内层的分布更均匀,从表面到内层,Ｏ和Ｔｉ元素的含量明显增加,而Ｃ、Ｎａ     

纳米微孔SiO2薄膜的Sol—Gel制备及气孔率控制

本文报道了纳米微孔ＳｉＯ２薄膜的溶胶－凝胶（ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ）制备工艺,利用椭圆偏振光测试仪（Ｅｌｌｉｐｓｏｍｅｔｅｒ）直接测量了薄膜的厚度、折射率、从而得到了ＳｉＯ２薄膜的气孔率及气孔大小分布。研究了合成工艺条件及浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４表面修饰对ＳｉＯ２薄膜气孔率及稳定性的影响。     

Grafted glycopolymer-based receptor mimics on polymer support for selective adhesion of bacteria

A sugar-containing monomer (2-lactobionamidoethyl methacrylate, LAMA) was grafted on a polypropylene (PP) microfiltration membrane surface by UV-induced graft copolymerization. The degree of grafting can be controlled by variation of monomer concentration, UV irradiation time, and photoinitiator concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to confirm the surface modification on the membranes. The water contact angle was used to evaluate the hydrophilicity change of the membrane surface before and after modification. Bacteria capture experiments showed that the membrane could selectively bind E. faecalis while adhesion of S. maltophilia was not influenced by the functionalization of PP with grafted poly(LAMA). The adhesion of E. faecalis onto poly(LAMA) grafted membrane could be inhibited by 200 mM galactose solution; however, glucose solution showed no inhibition effect. Moreover, occupying sugar residues on the membrane surface primarily by a galactose targeting lectin, peanut agglutinin, could significantly suppress the following adhesion of E. faecalis. All these results clearly demonstrate that this poly(LAMA) grafted PP membrane can selectively capture E. faecalis and that this selection is based on the interaction between galactose side groups on grafted flexible functional polymer chains on the membrane surface and galactose binding protein on the E. faecalis cell membrane.     

纳米二氧化硅表面改性研究

采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)接枝聚乙二醇(PEG)对纳米SiO2进行表面改性,并利用红外光谱(FTIR)和热重(TG)、扫描电镜(SEM)、粒径分析、重力沉降法等方法对改性前后的纳米SiO2的表面形貌和在介质中的分散稳定性进行了表征和分析.结果表明,改性后的纳米SiO2表面接枝上了TDI、PEG的有机官能团,降低了颗粒...     

氨基改性天然沸石的制备及其对Ni~(2+)的吸附行为

根据软硬酸碱原理,在天然沸石表面嫁接上能与金属镍离子发生化学配位作用的氨基基团,制备了氨基改性的天然沸石.用X射线衍射和红外光谱技术对改性前后天然沸石的结构和表面性质进行了表征;研究了氨基改性天然沸石对镍离子的吸附行为.结果表明:氨基改性后的天然沸石仍然保持原来的结构,在其表面嫁接上了氨基基团;氨基改性天然沸石能对镍离子发生快速吸附作用并具有很大的吸附效率和吸附容量;镍离子浓度在60 mg/L时,氨基改性天然沸石在30 min即迅速达到吸附平衡,吸附效果(吸附效率98.6%,吸附容量5.92 mg/g)显著高于未改性的天然沸石;当镍离子浓度高达150 mg/L时,改性天然沸石也有很好的吸附效果.     

Polypropylene non-woven fabric membrane via surface modification with biomimetic phosphorylcholine in Ce(IV)/HNO3 redox system

Surface modification of polypropylene non-woven fabric membrane (NWF) for improving its hemocompatibility was developed by grafting a biomimic monomer, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorycholine (MPC). The NWF membrane surface was first activated by potassium peroxydisulfate to form hydroxyl groups, and then grafted with MPC using ceric (IV) ammonium nitrate as the redox initiator. The surface chemical changes before and after modification were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with an ATR unit (FTIR-ATR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); the water contact angle results showed the gradual changes in wettability from hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface. Meanwhile, the hemocompatibility of these samples was also evaluated by protein adsorption and platelet adhesion. These experimental results exhibited that the introduction of poly(MPC) onto the NWF membrane surfaces substantially improved their hemocompatibility. The feasibility and simplicity of this procedure may lead to potential applications of NWF membranes in biomedical separation and blood purification.     

表面功能化纳米SiO2的制备及其在溶液聚合丁苯橡胶-顺丁橡胶中的应用

采用液相原位修饰技术,制备了表面接枝有机硅烷的纳米SiO₂(HB-2200)、表面接枝氨基的纳米SiO₂(HB-2205N)、表面接枝不饱和双键的纳米SiO₂(HB-2205D)、表面接枝氨基和双键的纳米SiO₂(HB-2205ND)。利用TEM、SEM、流变仪对纳米SiO₂/溶液聚合丁苯橡胶-顺丁橡胶(SSBR-BR)复合材料的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明:与未改性的纳米SiO₂相比,表面功能化纳米SiO₂与橡胶基体相容性改善,Payne效应降低,纳米SiO₂之间的相互作用减弱,其在SSBR-BR复合材料中的分散性提高。HB-2200/SSBR-BR复合材料的混炼扭矩降低了35.7%,混炼能耗降低了15%,结合胶含量增加,填料/橡胶之间的界面结合作用增强,拉伸强度提高了60%。动态热力学和磨耗性能分析表明:纳米SiO₂表面引入可反应性双键(HB-2205D),使HB-2205D/SSBR-BR复合材料的抗湿滑性能提高了40%,滚动阻力降低了43%。纳米SiO₂表面接枝可反应性双键,可在不牺牲HB-2205D/SSBR-BR复合材料耐磨性能的基础上,降低其滚动阻力,提高其抗湿滑性能,为高性能轮胎的制备提供基础原材料。      

硅丙乳液包覆Mg(OH)2核壳结构纳米粒子的制备与表征

为有效提高Mg(OH)_2纳米粒子在硅丙乳液中的相容性与分散稳定性,在油酸修饰Mg(OH)_2纳米粒子的基础上,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸与乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷为共聚单体,通过乳液聚合法制备出具有核壳结构的硅丙乳液包覆Mg(OH)_2复合材料。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段对样品结构、形貌进行了表征。通过燃烧实验,研究了硅丙乳液包覆Mg(OH)_2纳米粒子对水性防火涂料阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,油酸通过酯化作用修饰在Mg(OH)_2纳米粒子表面,借助油酸分子中双键结构,丙烯酸类混合单体在纳米Mg(OH)_2表面完成聚合过程,形成以Mg(OH)_2纳米粒子为核、硅丙乳液为壳的复合材料。XRD与热分析表明经硅丙乳液包覆的纳米Mg(OH)_2晶体结构与热稳定性能未受影响。此外,掺杂0.1%(质量分数)的硅丙乳液包覆Mg(OH)_2可使水性防火涂料阻燃时间延长至113 min,较未掺杂水性涂料阻燃时间(91min)提高约23%。     

纳米粒子表面功能化研究进展

纳米粒子表面改性包括物理改性和化学改性。物理改性一般采用高能表面改性法对纳米粒子进行修饰;化学改性分为硅烷偶联剂、酯化反应、表面接枝和表面活性剂等方法。     

Surface modification of polyurethane for promotion of cell adhesion and growth 1: Surface photo-grafting with N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and cytocompatibility of the modified surface

Functional polyurethane (PU) surface was prepared by photo-grafting N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) onto the membrane surface. Grafting copolymerization was conducted by the combined use of the photo-oxidation and irradiation grafting. PU membrane was photo-oxidized to introduce the hydroperoxide groups onto the surface, then the membrane previously immersed in monomer solution was irradiated by UV light. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle characterized the grafted copolymers and verified the occurrence of graft copolymerization. The results showed that UV irradiation could realize the graft copolymerization effectively. The grafted membrane showed minimal surface morphology. Human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVE) cells were seeded on the grafted surfaces. The performance of the surface in cell attachment correlated with the content of oxygen and nitrogen. Cells were spread more extensive and grown faster on the surface with lower degree of grafting. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers     

Interfacial properties and impact toughness of methylphenylsilicone resin composites by chemically grafting POSS and tetraethylenepentamine onto carbon fibers

Octaglycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (gly-POSS) was successfully grafted on carbon fibers (CFs) surface to enhance interfacial properties and impact toughness of CFs reinforced methylphenylsilicone resin (MPSR) composites. After gly-POSS modification, POSS grafted CF (CF-POSS) with many epoxy functional groups was modified with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) to further enhance the interfacial strength. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed that POSS and TEPA were grafted onto CFs surface uniformly and the surface roughness enhanced obviously. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the chemical bonding nature between CFs and POSS, as well as between POSS and TEPA. POSS and TEPA modification could increase the fiber polarity, wettability and surface energy significantly. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and impact toughness of composites showed a dramatic improvement, especially for grafting with POSS and further with TEPA (CF-POSS-TEPA). Additionally, the reinforcing and toughening mechanisms were also analyzed. Meanwhile, single fiber tensile strength (TS) had no decrease after modification.     

纳米SiO2表面改性研究

以乙醇为分散介质,用硅烷偶联剂γ-(2,3-环氧丙基)氧化丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)对纳米SiO2进行表面改性.讨论了偶联剂用量对SiO2改性的影响,并采用红外光谱、热失重、扫描电镜、表面羟基滴定等手段表征改性效果.结果表明,硅烷偶联剂与纳米SiO2发生化学反应并接到SiO2表面,改性后的SiO2在有机物中的分散性明显改善.