AZ91D镁合金托弹板半固态触变模锻研究

为了掌握半固态触变模锻中工艺参数对成形零件的微观组织和力学性能的影响规律,借助拉伸试验机和金相显微镜对AZ91D镁合金托弹板的半固态触变模锻过程进行了研究.AZ91D镁合金半固态坯料分别采用传统SIMA法和新SIMA法制备.结果表明:压力对托弹板零件的充型过程有很大影响,当压力为500 kN,托弹板零件充型不满;当压力为2000 kN,托弹板零件充型良好.坯料加热温度和保温时间对托弹板零件的力学性能有一定影响.当压力为2000 kN,模具预热温度为450 ℃,坯料在545 ℃保温20 min时,新SIMA法制备的半固态坯半固态触变模锻成形的托弹板零件获得最佳的力学性能.与传统SIMA法相比,新SIMA法制备的半固态坯成形的托弹板零件的室温力学性能和100℃的高温力学性有很大提高.     

电磁搅拌对半固态AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

研究了电磁搅拌参数对连续冷却条件下AZ91D镁合金组织的影响.结果表明:当电磁搅拌的频率达到或高于50 Hz时,半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料或坯料组织中的球状初生固相越来越多,越来越圆整;在电磁搅拌频率为200 Hz和冷却速率较低的条件下,搅拌的功率越大,半固态AZ91D镁合金组织中的球状初生固相越多,晶粒也越细小.在电磁搅拌条件下,AZ91D镁合金熔体的激烈流动导致较为均匀的温度场和溶质场、更加剧烈的温度起伏,促进了半固态AZ91D镁合金球状组织的形成.半固态重熔加热使半固态AZ91D镁合金坯料初生固相的形态发生进一步的球化.     

半固态AZ91D镁合金的压缩变形和显微组织

利用平行板触变压缩仪研究了电磁搅拌的半固态AZ91D合金试样的压缩变形和组织.结果表明:随着半固态压缩变形温度的升高,AZ91D镁合金试样变形的速度加快,即变形应变速度增大,但压缩应力不断下降;在某一载荷下,AZ91D镁合金试样压缩变形应力和应变呈明显的线性关系,与压缩温度的高低无关.随着半固态压缩载荷的提高,AZ91D镁合金试样变形的速度增加,应变速度增大,应力下降速度加快;在不同的压缩载荷下,AZ91D镁合金试样的压缩变形应力和应变都呈明显的线性关系.在实验中的各种半固态压缩变形条件下,初生α-Mg在压缩后AZ91D镁合金试样组织中的分布很均匀,几乎不存在组织偏析.当初生固相的形态呈球状结构,在相同的变形条件下,不同种类合金的半固态压缩变形规律非常相似.     

短切碳纤维/AZ91D镁合金复合材料高温变形动态再结晶行为

在变形温度为340~400℃、应变速率为0.001~0.1 s^-1、最大真应变为0.7的条件下,采用等温压缩实验研究了短切碳纤维（CF_s）/AZ91D复合材料和AZ91D镁合金的动态再结晶行为。结果表明：CF_s/AZ91D复合材料和AZ91D镁合金在高温压缩过程中均发生了显著的动态再结晶;CF_s极大地促进了AZ91D基体的动态再结晶过程,减小了动态再结晶临界应变并细化了再结晶晶粒组织;AZ91D镁合金动态再结晶体积分数随应变量增加表现为典型的"S"型变化曲线,而CF_s/AZ91D复合材料则呈现出快速增长-缓慢增长-趋于平稳的非线性变化规律。根据实验结果分别建立了CF_s/AZ91D复合材料和AZ91D镁合金的动态再结晶临界应变模型和动力学模型,在此基础上分析了二者高温变形动态再结晶行为的差异。     

热挤压AZ91D镁合金边角料组织和性能的研究

采用热挤压工艺直接热挤出AZ91D镁合金边角料,研究挤压温度对挤压成形镁合金组织和性能的影响,并讨论其断裂行为.结果表明:在450℃热挤压时,晶粒尺寸均匀,组织中已不存在原始边角料之间未打碎的结合面,边角料之间结合较好;在350～450℃之间热挤出时,AZ91D镁合金随挤压温度的升高,抗拉强度和延伸率均增加,当挤压温度...     

机械振动和半固态等温热处理对消失模 AZ91 D 组织的影响

研究了不同浇注温度下消失模铸造 AZ91 D 镁合金试样,在振动凝固和“ 振动凝固+ 半固态热处理冶 条件下组织的变化情况。 结果表明,对不同浇注温度下消失模铸造 AZ91 D 镁合金试样实施振动凝固都能细化试样的显微组织,且在浇注温度为 740 ℃ ,振动力为 1 . 5 kN 时细化效果最好;对经振动和不振动凝固的试样进行半固态等温热处理,两者的组织都能得到球化,且随着等温时间的延长,两者的组织都会合并长大,其中半固态等温热处理的较佳工艺为 570 ℃ 下保温 10 min。     

AZ91D镁合金棒材挤压过程的数值模拟研究

通过Gleeble-1500D热模拟机获得AZ91D镁合金的应力应变曲线.采用刚塑性有限元法对AZ91D镁合金棒材挤压过程进行热力耦合数值模拟,分析了变形温度与挤出速度对挤压力和等效应变变化情况的影响.模拟的结果表明:在25:1的挤压比下AZ91D镁合金的挤压温度为400℃,挤出速度为12.5 mm/s.     

镁合金AZ91D的差热分析及凝固组织观察

用差热分析并结合组织观察的方法研究了AZ91D镁合金的凝固相变温度及凝固组织变化特征.通过对AZ91D镁合金差热曲线的分析和不同温度下组织的比较分析,初步确定了该合金的共晶转变温度和液相线温度.同时,通过对不同温度下7个急冷试样的组织观察,分析了AZ91D镁合金在凝固过程中的相变及组织演化特征,并确证了差热分析所得相变温度的准确性.     

AZ91D镁合金凝固过程分析

采用差热法以及冷却曲线测定AZ91D镁合金的相变温度,通过金相试验,研究了AZ91D镁合金凝固过程中显微组织的变化,为制定合理的AZ91D镁合金热处理工艺,提高合金力学性能提供了依据.     

等通道角挤压AZ91D镁合金热压缩变形行为

在应变速率为0.005~1 s~(-1)、温度200~275℃条件下,利用Instron-5500热模拟机,对经过等通道角挤压(Equal Channel Angular Extrusion,ECAE)后的AZ91D镁合金的高温压缩特性进行了研究,得到了ECAE-ed态AZ91D镁合金真实应力-应变曲线,分析了挤压温度、应变速率等对其的影响,得出本构方程的一系列常量,建立了ECAE-ed态AZ91D镁合金在高温压缩中的本构方程关系式,并与铸态AZ91D镁合金进行了对比。结果表明:热压缩过程中,ECAE-ed态AZ91D镁合金与铸态一样,流动应力随温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的升高而升高;流动应力也可以用双曲正弦函数来描述,且双曲正弦值随Zener-Hollomon参数的自然对数的升高呈线性升高;两者同为正应变速率敏感材料,但ECAE-ed态AZ91D镁合金要比铸态应变速率敏感性小,其指数从铸态的m=0.14下降为0.096,变形激活能从182.65 kJ/mol上升为227.14 kJ/mol。研究结果对AZ91D镁合金进一步塑性成形和应用具有指导意义。     

不同温度下等离子渗氮后TC4钛合金的摩擦磨损性能EI北大核心CSCD

采用等离子渗氮技术提升TC4钛合金的耐磨性并探究最优渗氮温度。利用LDM 1-100型等离子渗氮设备,在650,700,750,800,850℃和900℃温度下对TC4钛合金进行渗氮处理,保温时间均为10 h。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、白光三维形貌仪、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计分别对不同温度渗氮试样的微观组织结构、表面形貌、表面粗糙度、相结构和硬度进行表征。利用CETR UMT-3型多功能摩擦磨损试验机测试等离子渗氮后TC4钛合金的摩擦学性能。结果表明:TC4钛合金表面显微硬度和粗糙度随温度升高而增大,在900℃渗氮后TC4钛合金表面显微硬度达到了1318HV 0.05,约为基体(360HV 0.05)的4倍。硬度的升高是由于渗氮后试样表面形成了硬质氮化物相(TiN和Ti2N相),且随着渗氮温度升高氮化物的含量增加。相较于低温渗氮(低于750℃)的试样,850℃和900℃渗氮试样的承载能力显著提升。与原始TC4试样相比,渗氮处理后试样的磨损体积显著降低。当渗氮温度为850℃时,试样磨损体积为未处理试样磨损体积的1.2%(1 N),3.0%(3 N)和62.2%(5 N),试样的耐磨性提升更为显著。     

TiAl合金离子渗碳摩擦磨损性能研究

对TiAl合金进行离子渗碳处理以提高其耐磨性.利用摩擦磨损试验机对TiAl渗碳后的室温及600℃高温干摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,采用扫描电镜、能谱、辉光放电光谱仪、X射线衍射仪等手段观察分析了磨痕的形貌和成分以及渗碳层组织与相结构.研究表明,TiAl合金经离子渗碳处理后形成一定厚度的含硬质Ti2A1C的渗碳层,其室温摩擦...     

Effects of temperature on the tribological behavior of Al0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy

The tribological behavior of Al_0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) sliding against Si₃N₄ ball was investigated from room temperature to 600 ℃. The microstructure of the alloys was characterized by simple FCC phase with 260 HV. Below 300 ℃, with increasing temperature, the wear rate increased due to high temperature softening. The wear rate remained stabilized above 300 ℃ due to the anti-wear effect of the oxidation film on the contact interface. The dominant wear mechanism of HEA changed from abrasive wear at room temperature to delamination wear at 200 ℃, then delamination wear and oxidative wear at 300 ℃ and became oxidative above 300 ℃. Moreover, the adhesive wear existed concomitantly below 300 ℃.     

Influence of rotational speed during centrifugal casting on sliding wear behaviour of the Al-2Si alloy

The microstructures and dry sliding wear behaviour of an Al-2Si alloy cast centrifugally are studied. Results indicate that at optimum speed the cast has a microstructure consisting of uniformly distributed α-Al grains and fine eutectic silicon grains. The cast exhibited better wear resistance compared to the same cast prepared at different rpms. This paper attempts to investigate the influence of the microstructural changes in the Al-2Si alloy by varying the rotational speed of the mould and its combined action on the dry sliding wear behaviour.     

Effect of solidification conditions on microstructure,mechanical and wear properties of Mg–5Al–3Ca–0.12Sr magnesium alloy

In the present study, the microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of AXJ530 alloy under different solidification condition were investigated. AXJ530 alloys were cast in a multi-step permanent mould casting (PMC) with five different cooling rates, and also in high pressure die casting (HPDC). The effect of cooling rate was determined for the room temperature mechanical properties and the dry sliding wear resistance of the AXJ530 alloys. The results showed that grain size of AXJ530 alloy was refined and thinner lamellar eutectic phase formed at higher cooling rate. It was concluded that these changes led to the observed concurrent increases in ultimate tensile strength (σ_uts), yield strength (σ_0.2) and elongation (δ) of the AXJ530 alloy. The relationship between grain size and yield strength/hardness agreed with Hall–Patch behavior. The dry sliding wear rate of the PMC specimens decreased with increasing of cooling rate, but micro-porosity/inclusion in the HPDC specimen decreased its wear resistance properties. Abrasion was determined to be the dominant wear mechanism for the AXJ530 alloys.     

非晶态Cr-C合金镀层性能及晶化过程研究

采用电沉积法制备非晶态Cr-C合金镀层,利用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对镀层结构和形貌进行表征,并对镀层进行硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性及热处理实验。结果表明,非晶态Cr-C合金镀层硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性均明显优于普通晶态镀层;施镀态镀层硬度为997HV0.025,在300～600℃范围内发生晶化反应并析出Cr7C3、Cr23C6化合物,硬度可达1610HV0.025。     

二次调质离子渗氮工艺参数对35CrMo耐磨性的影响

文中通过对35CrMo进行热处理,采用一次调质＋亚温淬火＋回火＋离子渗氮的方法提高材料的耐磨性。采用不同的回火温度、渗氮温度和渗氮的N2和H2的比例,通过正交试验分析这些参数对渗氮层耐磨性能的影响,结果表明最佳的耐磨性渗氮工艺为回火的温度600℃、渗氮温度460℃、N2：H2为1：5;耐磨性最差的渗氮工艺为回火的温度650℃、渗氮温度540℃、N2：H2为1：1。通过XRD分析表明白亮层的组织为以γ′相为主,并含一定量的α-Fe（N）相。这样的组织有很好的耐磨性,并且具有较小的的脆性。     

热处理对D707堆焊层组织和性能的影响

本文研究了碳化钨型硬质合金堆焊层在不同热处理工艺条件下的组织、硬度与耐磨性。研究结果表明 ,D70 7硬质合金堆焊层经 85 0℃空冷、85 0℃油冷 +4 0 0℃回火后具有较高的硬度和优异的耐腐蚀磨损性能 ,是低合金钢 35CrMo经C、N共渗后 (85 0℃油冷 +2 0 0℃回火 )的 6～ 12倍。     

A390合金挤压铸造件的性能分析

实验研究了挤压铸造条件下A390过共晶铝硅合金的金相组织与性能。结果表明,经过挤压铸造后,A390合金的组织致密度提高,缩松、缩孔等缺陷减少,初晶硅晶粒细化。与铁模铸造件比较,A390挤压铸造件的维氏硬度能提高15．2％,室温拉伸强度增幅为25．2％,相对耐磨性能为1．18,高温（300℃）拉伸强度能够达到183MPa。     

Graphitization in CK 45 Steel

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of heat treatment cycle on graphite phase formation on CK 45 steel. The presence of well distributed graphite in the matrix is responsible for the good mechanical and thermal properties of this kind of alloy. Such properties include excellent wear resistance, higher resistance to thermal shock, and higher resistance to oxidation at high temperature. A number of specimens were made up of appropriate design to provide the experimental materials. The transformation phase to a free carbon microstructure during graphitization under different conditions was then examined for the most successful experimental steels. Austenitising temperature of 920℃ ahd the following isothermal heat treatment of 750℃ at different holding times were used. Microstructures were examined by OM (optical microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). Furthermore, it was found that isothermal transformation at 750℃for different soaking times produced a typical microstructure. Also, the amount of graphite increased with increasing isothermal heat treatment time. Heat treatment leading to supersaturation of iron with carbon was described and some of the consequences of the supersaturation were presented. Finally, the formation of the thermodynamically stable state of the graphite taken from the supersaturated solid solution was discussed.