共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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为提高餐厨废弃油脂制生物柴油的储存稳定性,以餐厨废弃油脂为原料,采用生物酶法制备生物柴油,并向其中添加0.2%的抗氧化剂,测定其在90 d储存过程中酸值、水含量、硫含量及氧化安定性的变化。结果表明:酶法制备的生物柴油各项指标满足GB 25199—2017《B5柴油》中BD100生物柴油S10的技术要求,硫含量最低为2.1 mg/kg;当添加0.2%的抗氧化剂时,生物柴油的氧化安定性由3.6 h提高至12.0 h,储存90 d后,生物柴油的硫含量、酸值、水含量、氧化安定性仍符合国标要求。酶法制备生物柴油工艺易于控制产品的各项指标,且工艺更加绿色环保,通过添加抗氧化剂可提高生物柴油的储存稳定性。 相似文献
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随着人们生活水平的提高,每天将产生大量的废弃油脂,为了解决废弃油脂对食品安全的冲击,能源浪费和环境污染,人们提出了利用废弃油脂生产生物柴油的方法和工艺流程.本文介绍了废弃油脂的来源,对人体的危害和环境污染以及生物柴油的研究现状,并就利用废弃油脂生产生物柴油的可行性进行了探讨,指出了我国在该领域发展方向. 相似文献
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Aldehyde emissions were measured from two heavy-duty trucks, namely 2000 and 2008 model year vehicles meeting different EPA emission standards. The tests were conducted on a chassis dynamometer and emissions were collected from a constant volume dilution tunnel. For the 2000 model year vehicle, four different fuels were tested, namely California ultralow sulfur diesel (CARB ULSD), soy biodiesel, animal biodiesel, and renewable diesel. All of the fuels were tested with simulated city and high speed cruise drive cycles. For the 2008 vehicle, only soy biodiesel and CARB ULSD fuels were tested. The research objective was to compare aldehyde emission rates between (1) the test fuels, (2) the drive cycles, and (3) the engine technologies. The results showed that soy biodiesel had the highest acrolein emission rates while the renewable diesel showed the lowest. The drive cycle also affected emission rates with the cruise drive cycle having lower emissions than the urban drive cycle. Lastly, the newer vehicle with the diesel particulate filter had greatly reduced carbonyl emissions compared to the other vehicles, thus demonstrating that the engine technology had a greater influence on emission rates than the fuels. 相似文献
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生物柴油作为可再生能源,是环境友好的生物燃料,作为石化柴油的替代品及补充品具有可再生、易于降解、燃烧排放的污染物低、基本无温室效应等特点.本文利用超声辐射强化酯化制备生物柴油具有反应速度快,产率高等优点,探讨了超声辐照对有机相中脂肪酶催化脂肪酸与甲醇酯化反应的促进作用.以蒸馏椰子油脂肪酸、甲醇及Novozym435脂肪酶为主要原料,研究了不同因素及超声辐射对酶法促进油脂脂肪酸甲酯化的影响.对反应条件进行单因素实验,确定了最佳反应工艺参数.经分析初步得出脂肪酶催化甲酯化最佳条件为:酶用量7%,水加入量10%,超声功率250W,反应总时间25min,2mL正已烷/1g脂肪酸,甲醇与椰子油脂肪酸的摩尔比2∶1.在此条件下,脂肪酸甲酯转化率达到90.18%. 相似文献
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新能源微生物柴油的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生物柴油是一种来源广泛的可再生燃料资源,目前在世界各国正掀起开发利用生物柴油资源的热潮,但在生物柴油产业发展过程中,原料不足成为规模化的瓶颈.产油微生物可直接利用秸秆类农林废弃物、农副产品加工废弃物、工业废物及废水等廉价再生资源经发酵转化为微生物柴油.相对于传统的生物柴油,其优点是不受季节气候及土地资源的影响,易于大规模连续化生产.对国内外微生物柴油的研究现状、发展趋势及制备工艺进行了介绍,对我国微生物柴油的原料来源及特性进行了阐述,指出微生物柴油产业化发展所存在的问题,提出了相应的解决对策. 相似文献
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M Hajbabaei KC Johnson RA Okamoto A Mitchell M Pullman TD Durbin 《Environmental science & technology》2012,46(16):9163-9173
The impact of biodiesel and second generation biofuels on nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) emissions from heavy-duty engines was investigated using a California Air Resources Board (CARB) certified diesel fuel. Two heavy-duty engines, a 2006 engine with no exhaust aftertreatment, and a 2007 engine with a diesel particle filter (DPF), were tested on an engine dynamometer over four different test cycles. Emissions from soy- and animal-based biodiesels, a hydrotreated renewable diesel, and a gas to liquid (GTL) fuel were evaluated at blend levels from 5 to 100%. NO(x) emissions consistently increased with increasing biodiesel blend level, while increasing renewable diesel and GTL blends showed NO(x) emissions reductions with blend level. NO(x) increases ranged from 1.5% to 6.9% for B20, 6.4% to 18.2% for B50, and 14.1% to 47.1% for B100. The soy-biodiesel showed higher NO(x) emissions increases compared to the animal-biodiesel. NO(x) emissions neutrality with the CARB diesel was achieved by blending GTL or renewable diesel fuels with various levels of biodiesel or by using di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP). It appears that the impact of biodiesel on NO(x) emissions might be a more important consideration when blended with CARB diesel or similar fuels, and that some form of NO(x) mitigation might be needed for biodiesel blends with such fuels. 相似文献
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Single cell oils (SCO) produced from oleaginous microorganisms are a potential alternative oil feedstock for biodiesel production. The worldwide production of glycerol, a 10% (w/w) byproduct produced in the transesterfication process of oils converted to biodiesel, is increasing as more biodiesel is being produced. For the purposes of cost reduction, crude glycerol was regarded as a suitable carbon source for the cultivation of Rhodotorula glutinis. In addition to using renewable crude glycerol, waste solution collected from the brewing company (called thin stillage) was adopted as a substitute to replace a costly nitrogen source used in the medium. The results of using mixture of crude glycerol and thin stillage indicated about a 27% increase in total biomass as compared to that of using crude glycerol with a standard medium. Using glycerol instead of glucose as the carbon source could also alter the lipid profile, resulting in an increase in linolenic acid (C18:2) to comprise over 20% of the total lipid. Successfully using renewable crude glycerol and thin stillage for the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms could greatly enhance the economic competition of biodiesel produced from SCO. 相似文献