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Polymer alloys and blends, whose major advantage is the potential of achieving a range of physical and mechanical properties, have continued to be a subject of interest over recent years. Addition of a block or graft copolymer, with chemically similar segments to those involved in the polymer blend considered, led to a variety of desirable properties. The copolymer added to the blend functioned to promote a homogeneous dispersion of the constituent phases and to enhance their mutual adhesion. Such agents that enable better dispersion in polymer blends are known as compatibilizers. In this study an attempt has been made to improve the compatibility in a polymer blend composed of two normally incompatible constituents, LDPE and PA6, by addition of a compatibilizer. The compatibilizer agent, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), was added to the polymer blend in ratios of 1, 5, and 10% by using a twin‐screw extruder. The effect of EVA on the crystallization of the polymer constituents was observed through DSC examinations. Furthermore, the control sample and all three blends of LDPE/PA6/EVA were subjected to examinations to obtain their yield and tensile strengths, elasticity modulus, percentage elongation, izod impact strength, hardness, and melt flow index. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1748–1754, 2001 相似文献
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聚合物合金技术与开发的新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
聚合物合金是高分子科学发展中的一个新领域。本文介绍了聚合物金的主要制备技术，包括物理共混、化学共混以及互穿聚合网络方法，讨论了聚合物合金的开发现状，着重阐述了相容化、层状分散等合金化技术的研究进展。 相似文献
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Styrene–acrylonitrile–glycidyl methacrylate (SAG) copolymers with various contents of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were used to compatibilize the incompatible blends of styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) and a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP). These SAG copolymers contain reactive glycidyl groups that are able to react with the carboxylic acid and/or hydroxyl end groups of the LCP to form the SAG‐g‐LCP copolymers during melt processing. The in situ–formed graft copolymers tend to reside along the interface to reduce the interfacial tension and to increase the interface adhesion. The morphologies of the SAN/LCP blends were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where the compatibilized SAN/LCP blends were observed with greater numbers and finer fibrils than those of the corresponding uncompatibilized blends. The mechanical properties of the blends increased after compatibilization. The presence of a small amount (200 ppm) of ethyl triphenylphosphonium bromide (ETPB) catalyst further promotes the graft reaction and improves the compatibilization. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3321–3332, 2001 相似文献
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Xu‐Huang Chen Wen‐Xiong Shi Shi‐Hai Yang Yun‐Yan Li Gui‐Qiu Ma Jing Sheng 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,109(4):2496-2502
Composition effect on the phase morphology in polyethylene (PE) with polyamide (PA) blends was investigated by pattern analysis of scanning electron micrographs. The average diameter denoted as dg is defined to discuss the morphology of the blends and further, different fractal dimensions, DM and DN, were introduced to characterize the phase morphology. Scale function SN(r) and SM(r) are defined to study the selfsimilarity of the phase morphology. The plots of SN(r)/SN(r)m (the maximum of SN(r)) versus r/rm (the maximum of r) and SM(r)/SM(r)m (the maximum of SM(r)) versus r/rm showed the selfsimilar formation of the phase pattern. Furthermore, we calculated the fractal dimension D of different PE/PA blends. The results showed that the fractal dimension was an effective parameter to describe the spacial distribution of dispersed particles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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聚丙烯固相接枝物增容PA6/PS共混体系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用FTIR和WAXD研究了聚丙烯固相接枝苯乙烯（St)和马来酸酐（MAH）的结构，并研究了它对聚酰胺6／聚苯乙烯（PA6／PS）共混体系力学性能的影响及其非等温结晶动力学，研究结果表明，PP上可固相接枝St,MAH;gPP(PP接枝St和MAH双组分接枝物）增容PA6／PS的非等温结晶动力学与MandelKern理论基本吻合。 相似文献
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Poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) copolymers (MMA‐MA) have been synthesized by solution method, using toluene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The MMA‐MA copolymers were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and titration. It was found that the modified polymerization procedure used in this work was more effective in controlling the molecular weight when adding different amounts of maleic anhydride (MA) than procedures previously used. In spite of the significant difference in reactivity ratios between MMA and MA, up to 50% of the MA added to the reactor was incorporated into the copolymer. The evidences for reactions of the MA groups of the MMA‐MA copolymer with the amine end groups of the amorphous polyamide (aPA) during melt blending was obtained by rheological measurements. In this work, the molecular weight and the content of MA reactive functional groups in the MMA‐MA copolymer were varied independently and its effects on the interaction with aPA were studied. It was observed that a compromise between molecular weight and the level of reactive functional group of the compatibilizer should be sought to improve the compatibilization of the polymer systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
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车用尼龙合金PA6／PP的研制 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
制备了马来酸酐接枝ＰＰ作为ＰＡ６／ＰＰ合金的相容剂，研究了相容剂对ＰＡ６／ＰＰ合金结构与性能的影响，以及原料和工艺对合金性能的影响。 相似文献
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Arpan Datta Sarma Hiron Raja Padmanathan Subhabrata Saha Shib Shankar Banerjee Anil K. Bhowmick 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2017,134(39)
A series of high‐temperature thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) and thermoplastic vulcanisates (TPVs) were successfully developed based on two different types of heat resistant polyamide (PA) (25 parts by weight)—PA‐12 and PA‐6, in combination with three different functionalized rubbers (75 parts by weight) of varying polarity, e.g., maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (MA‐g‐EPDM), sulphonated ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, and carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, by melt mixing method. These rubbers have low level of unsaturation in its backbone, and the plastics showed high melting range. Thus, the developed TPEs and TPVs were expected to be high temperature resistant. Resol type resin was used for dynamic vulcanization to further increase the high temperature properties of these blends. Interestingly, initial degradation temperature of the prepared blends was much higher (421 °C for MA‐g‐EPDM/PA‐12) than the other reported conventional TPEs and TPVs. Fourier transform infrared analysis described the interactive nature of the TPEs and TPVs, which is responsible for their superior properties. The maximum tensile strength with lowest tension set was observed for the carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/PA‐12 TPV. Mild increase in mechanical properties without any degradation was observed after recycling. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed two distinct glass transition temperatures and indicated the biphasic morphology of the blends, as evident from the scanning electron microscopy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45353. 相似文献
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Anastasia S Volokhova John B Waugh Kyle J Arrington John B Matson 《Polymer International》2019,68(7):1263-1270
Blends of cellulose triacetate (CTA) and poly(l ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) were prepared using graft polymer compatibilizers. The graft polymers were synthesized using a grafting‐from approach via ring‐opening polymerization of l ‐ and d ,l ‐lactide initiated from free hydroxyl groups along the CTA backbone. The blends incorporating either 1, 2.5 or 5% of each of the two graft polymer compatibilizers by weight in a 20:80 mixture of CTA:PLLA were solution‐cast to yield films. Characterization of graft polymers included the use of 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis. Mechanical properties of the compatibilized films were evaluated using tensile testing, and thermomechanical properties were analyzed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The compatibilized films exhibited greater tensile stress at yield than the uncompatibilized films for both types of compatibilizers, but no statistically significant changes were observed in modulus or strain at break, although modulus trended higher in compatibilized films. Stereochemical differences in tensile performance were statistically insignificant, though some differences in thermal behavior were observed. DMA and DSC revealed that crystallization of PLLA was altered by the addition of compatibilizer and CTA. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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U. A. Handge C. Sailer H. Steininger M. Weber St. Scholtyssek V. Seydewitz G. H. Michler 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2010,115(5):2529-2539
This work reports on morphological, mechanical, and micromechanical properties of polyamide 6 (PA 6), a styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), and their blends, which were reactively compatibilized using a styrene‐acrylonitrile maleic anhydride (SANMA) terpolymer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed the phase morphology of the blends, which is characterized by inclusions of the minor component in the matrix of the major phase. The blend with 50% PA 6 and 50% SAN depicted a cocontinuous morphology. Using a microtensile device for TEM, the samples were deformed under uniaxial loading in the “dry” state (characterized by a zero water content in the PA 6 phase) and in a “wet” state (with water in the PA 6 phase). Whereas the dry blends behaved brittle, the wet blends showed a larger ductility with the formation of deformation bands in the matrix (PA 6 or SAN), which were initiated by stress concentration at the SAN and PA 6 particles, respectively. In the interface of blends with a PA 6 matrix and SAN inclusions, two phenomena were observed: partial cavitation and debonding on the one hand and partial fibrillation on the other hand. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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The aim of this work was to study the compatibilizing effect of the triblock copolymer poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐b‐styrene) (SEBS) on the morphology and mechanical properties of virgin and recycled polypropylene/high‐impact polystyrene (PP/HIPS) blends. The components of the blend were obtained from municipal plastics waste (MPW), with the PP obtained from blue mineral water bottles, symbolized as PPb, and the HIPS from disposable cups. These materials were preground, washed only with water, dried with hot air, and ground again (PPb) or agglutinated (HIPS). Blends of PPb and HIPS in three weight ratios (6:1, 6:2, and 6:3) were prepared, and three concentrations of SEBS (5.0, 6.0, and 6.7% w/w) were used for investigations of its compatibilizing effect. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that SEBS reduced the diameter of HIPS dispersed particles that were globular and fibril shaped, along with improving the adhesion between the dispersed phase and the matrix. On the other hand, SEBS interactions with PPb and HIPS influenced the mechanical properties of the compatibilized PPb/HIPS/SEBS blends. The optimal concentration of SEBS was 5 wt % for application to composite films with similar characteristics to synthetic paper. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 747–751, 2003 相似文献
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C. Laurino P. Laurienzo M. Malinconico M. Scoponi A. Sorrentino P. Vacca M. G. Volpe 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,93(1):23-29
Innovative polymeric films based on blends of nylon 6 and ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol, previously tested by contact with the simulating fat‐containing foods, were further tested as packaging for fresh minced meat. As quality attributes for the shelf‐life evaluation, the microbiological parameters and some chemical–physical parameters were chosen. The changes that occurred during the evaluation period of 6 days were monitored by several means on both the polymer films and the fresh meat. The results suggest that the barrier properties of the polymeric films were shown to play a determinant role in the lipid oxidation, thus confirming the previous evaluation of the simulating foods. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 23–29, 2004 相似文献
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The effect of crosslinking of polyamide 11 and butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (nitrile rubber) was studied. The effect of static and dynamic crosslinking on blending are described. Static and dynamic crosslinking do not significantly improve impact strength of low-rubber-content PA11/NBR blends. For blends with dynamic crosslinking and high rubber contents, mechanical properties including impact strength improve. Thermal behavior of crosslinked PA11/NBR blends were studied by DSC and DMA. SEM was used for investigation of the effect of crosslinking on particle size and particle size distribution, phase morphology, and fracture surface morphology. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 1605–1611, 1997 相似文献
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A strategy to reduce the dependence on petroleum‐based building blocks and the disposal concerns of solid wastes was proposed by developing a novel polymer blend from bio‐based cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT). The thermodynamic immiscibility and the thermal behaviors of the polymer melt blends were investigated. The interfacial properties were analyzed to provide the theoretical guidance to improve the compatibility of blends. A reactive compatibilizer, poly(trimethylene terephthalate)‐graft‐(maleic anhydride) (PTT‐g‐MA) was prepared from melt reaction and characterized with FTIR. The compatibilizer was melt blended into the CAB and PTT blends. The effects of different compatibilizers on the phase morphologies and mechanical properties of blends were characterized and the interfacial interactions were studied. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 相似文献
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综述了国内外PA和PE共混改性及其相容剂的研究现状。PA/PE是不相容体系,现在主要是通过马来酸酐类和羧酸类相容剂来提高两种聚合物之间的相容性,并介绍了PA和PE共混发展的趋势。 相似文献
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聚酰胺增韧改性研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
综述了国内外聚酰胺增韧改性的研究状况 ,包括添加聚烯烃、工程塑料、无机刚性粒子增韧和尼龙之间的自增韧 ,其中聚烯烃弹性体增韧应用得最为广泛 ,但需要一定的相容剂 ,工程塑料增韧和尼龙之间的自增韧可以得到较理想的效果 ,而无机刚性粒子增韧是一种较新的增韧方法 ,它可以在提高韧性的同时 ,使拉伸强度得到提高。同时阐述了与不同的增韧改性方法相对应的增韧机理 相似文献
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Fouad Laoutid Damien François Yoann Paint Leila Bonnaud Philippe Dubois 《大分子材料与工程》2013,298(3):328-338
The effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanosilica on the morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of polyamide 6 (PA) and poly(propylene) (PP) blends is investigated by extrusion compounding. Depending on the difference between the polymer/nanoparticle interfacial tensions, different morphologies are obtained as highlighted by TEM and SEM. Hydrophobic nanosilica migrates mainly at the PA/PP interface, which leads to a clear refinement of PP droplet size. The macroscopic properties of the hybrid blends are discussed and interpreted in relation with the blend morphology and melt‐mixing procedure. The control over coalescence allows a morphology refinement of the blends and improves mechanical properties.