有时延和丢包的网络控制系统的补偿策略

由于网络控制系统中网络诱导时延和数据包丢失等问题的存在,使得网络控制系统控制性能下降甚至导致系统地不稳定。同时在实际应用中,一些系统的状态是不可测量的。针对上述问题,设计了状态观测器,利用测量输出进行了状态重构,并利用状态观测器对丢包进行了补偿。最后应用指数稳定定理分析了整个系统的闭环稳定性,给出了状态控制率的求解方法,并对一直流电机进行了仿真,仿真实验结果表明,该方法能有效地补偿网络控制系统的性能,保证了在时延和有数据包丢失的情况下网络控制系统的稳定性。     

具有时延的网络控制系统控制器设计

针对一类存在随机时延的网络控制系统,传感器采用时间驱动,控制器和执行器采用事件驱动,提出了一种新的具有随机时延的网络控制系统的建模方法-离散模糊T-S模型,在此模型的基础上应用并行分布补偿（PDC）原理设计了模糊控制器。应用Lyapunov定理和线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法,研究了系统的稳定性问题,给出基于LMI的状态反馈模糊控制器的设计方法。通过仿真实例验证控制方法能够保证系统稳定。     

利用多线程实现基于ARM的嵌入式网络控制系统仿真

为了研究真实网络对控制系统的影响,方便网络控制系统的研究人员进行网络控制课题的研究,有必要建立网络控制系统的仿真系统;ARM嵌入式处理器是目前被公认为业界领先的32位嵌入式RISC微处理器,在网络设备,工业控制等领域得到日益广泛的应用。本文介绍了一种基于ARM的网络控制系统仿真系统,利用该系统可以对基于TCP/IP的嵌入式网络控制系统进行仿真。该系统在S3C4530处理器上移植了uClinux操作系统,并在此基础上利用linux下的多线程技术实现被控对象的实时仿真和基于TCP/IP网络的数据传输。实验证明该仿真系统能够反映真实网络对控制系统的影响,实时性较好,可以满足大部分网络控制系统的仿真需要。     

网络化控制系统的故障诊断与容错控制

介绍了网络化控制系统几类故障诊断与容错控制方法的基本思想。故障诊断与容错控制对于控制工程实践特别是对安全性有严格要求的控制系统是十分重要的。网络化控制系统通过共享网络资源实现控制而带来了各种优越性的同时,也给传统的控制理论带来了新的挑战。因此需要发展适用于此类异步的、基于信包的控制系统的控制理论与技术。网络化控制系统基于数学模型的故障诊断问题,在建立恰当的网络化系统模型后,可转化一类特定的时延系统故障诊断问题。     

时延丢包网络控制系统的分析与控制

针对网络控制系统中同时存在时延和丢包问题,基于零阶保持器的工作机制,将同时受时延和丢包影响的网络控制系统建模为输入带有时延的控制系统,根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论和时滞系统理论得出控制系统的时滞相关稳定性条件,进一步基于锥补线性化的方法给出控制器的设计方法,有效解决了网络控制系统中同时存在时延和丢包的控制问题。仿真算例表明所提方法的有效性。     

Asymptotic stability and disturbance attenuation properties for a class of networked control systems

In this paper, stability and disturbance attenuation issues for a class of Networked Control Systems (NCSs) under uncertain access delay and packet dropout effects are considered. Our aim is to find conditions on the delay and packet dropout rate, under which the system stability and H∞ disturbance attenuation properties are preserved to a desired level. The basic idea in this paper is to formulate such Networked Control System as a discrete-time switched system. Then the NCSs’ stability and performance problems can be reduced to the corresponding problems for switched systems, which have been studied for decades and for which a number of results are available in the literature. The techniques in this paper are based on recent progress in the discrete-time switched systems and piecewise Lyapunov functions.     

NCSWT: An integrated modeling and simulation tool for networked control systems

Networked Control Systems (NCS) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in a growing number of applications, such as groups of unmanned aerial vehicles and industrial control systems. The evaluation of NCS properties such as stability and performance is very important given that these systems are typically deployed in critical settings. This paper presents the Networked Control Systems Wind Tunnel (NCSWT), an integrated modeling and simulation tool for the evaluation of Networked Control Systems (NCS). NCSWT integrates Matlab/Simulink and ns-2 for modeling and simulation of NCS using the High Level Architecture (HLA) standard. The tool is composed of two parts, the design-time models and the run-time components. The design-time models use Model Integrated Computing (MIC) to define HLA-based model constructs such as federates representing the simulators and interactions representing the communication between the simulators. MIC techniques facilitate the modeling and design of complex systems by using abstractions defined in domain-specific modeling languages (DSMLs) to describe the systems. The design-time models represent the control system dynamics and networking system behaviors in order to facilitate the run-time simulation of a NCS. The run-time components represent the main software components and interfaces for the actual realization of a NCS simulation using the HLA framework. Our implementation of the NCSWT based on HLA guarantees accurate time synchronization and data communication. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the tool as well as evaluate the impact of network effects on NCS.     

大时延网络控制系统的研究方法与最新动态

近年来,网络控制系统得到越来越多的关注,其主要挑战之一在于控制环中的网络时延对其影响;网络时延会降低网络控制系统的性能,甚至使系统不稳定;目前,大多数学者只研究了网络时延小于采样周期时对控制系统的影响,而网络控制系统中的大时延更加复杂,同时也更加难以处理;文章论述了带有大时延的网络控制系统的现有的研究方法。并指出这种问题的其它可能的研究方法。     

基于双观测器的网络控制系统稳定性分析

网络控制系统存在网络诱导时延和数据包丢失等问题,使网络控制系统控制性能下降甚至导致系统不稳定,同时在实际应用中存在双闭环的情况,并且一些系统的状态不可测量。针对上述问题,设计2个状态观测器,利用测量输出进行状态重构,并采用状态观测器对丢包进行补偿,应用指数稳定定理分析整个系统的闭环稳定性,给出状态控制率的求解方法。仿真结果证明,该方法能有效补偿网络控制系统的性能,保证在时延和有数据包丢失情况下的网络控制品质。     

基于JitterBug的网络控制系统性能补偿

在网络控制系统中,采样周期以及时延对于系统性能有着重要的影响.提出了一个仿真软件JitterBug,它可以通过计算线性控制系统的性能代价函数来分析实时控制系统的性能,同时提出了一种增益调度的方法来改善时延对于控制系统性能的影响,仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

基于网络控制系统的水下自主航行器制导系统结构

在现代控制系统中,网络控制系统可以用最小成本实现柔性系统,该柔性系统可以完成包括功能可重新配置的许多任务;网络控制系统采用公用的总线结构,使得系统具有更加有效的灵活功能、更好的资源共享、降低系统的维护成本,网络控制系统的最大问题是由于网络而产生的时延和数据包的丢失;研究了基于网络控制原理的水下自主航行器制导系统,详细分析了水下自主航行器网络控制系统的稳定性问题和基于时间触发的TTCAN高层协议;论文旨在通过对水下自主航行器网络控制系统结构的研究,指出其结构的意义和进一步的研究领域.     

网络控制系统的时延仿真研究与控制器设计

针对网络控制系统(NCS)中的随机时延问题,根据实际网络时延的分布情况,提出了一种新的具有随机时延的网络控制系统的建模方法-离散T-S模型,并用并行分布补偿原理(PDC)设计模糊控制器.同时提出一种新的模糊控制系统隶属函数的确定方法,利用Lyapunov定理和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)研究了系统的稳定性问题,给出基于LMI的模糊控制器的设计方法.最后通过仿真实例证明控制方法能够使具有时延的网络控制系统稳定.     

高阶模糊控制器在网络控制系统中的应用

当网络控制系统存在非线性随机延迟时，不能直接使用传统的控制方法。针对这种随机延迟该文提出了高阶模糊控制方法。该方法在经典PID控制器的理论基础上进行改进，增加了系统输出的高阶信息，同时利用模糊控制理论对控制器参数进行在线自适应调节。为此该文首先简要地介绍了网络控制系统中存在的随机延迟，然后分析了延迟引起的非线性特征。结合该文的算法思想和模糊控制器的设计原理给出模糊控制器的设计过程。最后给出了应用此方法的一个仿真实例。     

网络控制系统中周期性通信的实时性充分条件

网络控制系统是一种分布式时间系统,具有严格的实时性要求,系统中包括周期性通信、随机性通信和突发性通信,其中周期性通信的实时性 对于系统的性能来说是最重要的。本基于数据链路层数据传输策略,从逻辑令牌传递和信道竞争两个角度分析了周期性通信的实时性,给出了实时性满足的充分条件,为网络控制系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

Adaptive control design under structured model information limitation: A cost-biased maximum-likelihood approach

Networked control strategies based on limited information about the plant model usually result in worse closed-loop performance than optimal centralized control with full plant model information. Recently, this fact has been established by utilizing the concept of competitive ratio, which is defined as the worst-case ratio of the cost of a control design with limited model information to the cost of the optimal control design with full model information. We show that an adaptive controller, inspired by a controller proposed by Campi and Kumar, with limited plant model information, asymptotically achieves the closed-loop performance of the optimal centralized controller with full model information for almost any plant. Therefore, there exists, at least, one adaptive control design strategy with limited plant model information that can achieve a competitive ratio equal to one. The plant model considered in the paper belongs to a compact set of stochastic linear time-invariant systems and the closed-loop performance measure is the ergodic mean of a quadratic function of the state and control input.     

自适应控制在网络化控制系统中的应用

近年来网络技术的快速发展为高级控制提供了广阔的应用前景。网络化控制系统受到了广泛的关注。本文基于本课题组开发的网络化控制系统,提出了一种自适应控制方案。实验结果表明该控制算法能够在一定范围内补偿网络延时对控制性能带来的不利影响。     

具有通信约束和时延的NCS状态反馈镇定

基于通信序列并考虑不确定短时延的影响,对具有通信约束的网络控制系统进行建模,使其成为参数不确定的集成信息调度与控制离散切换系统。基于切换系统理论和分段Lyapunov函数方法,以矩阵不等式形式给出在一定周期性信息调度策略下,使系统渐近稳定的条件,阐述状态反馈控制器的设计方法。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

An approach based on an adaptive multi-rate smith predictor and gain scheduling for a networked control system: Implementation over Profibus-DP

This paper presents a control strategy to face time-varying delays induced in a Networked Control System (NCS). The delay is divided into two parts: the largest one (an integer multiple of the bus cycle) is compensated by means of an adaptive multi-rate Smith predictor, and the smallest one (whose value is strictly smaller than the bus cycle) via a gain scheduling approach based on root locus contour and linearization techniques. The gains to be scheduled belong to a multi-rate PID controller. Control system stability is studied by means of Lyapunov theory. Simulation results and the implementation on a test-bed Profibus-DP environment illustrate that this control structure can maintain NCS performance and stability, despite the considered delays.     

Identification based adaptive iterative learning controller

In recent years, more research in the control field has been in the area of self‐learning and adaptable systems, such as a robot that can teach itself to improve its performance. One of the more promising algorithms for self‐learning control systems is Iterative Learning Control (ILC), which is an algorithm capable of tracking a desired trajectory within a specified error limit. Conventional ILC algorithms have the problem of relatively slow convergence rate and adaptability. This paper suggests a novel approach by combining system identification techniques with the proposed ILC approach to overcome the aforementioned problems. The ensuing design procedure is explained and results are accrued from a number of simulation examples. A key point in the proposed scheme is the computation of gain matrices using the steepest descent approach. It has been found that the learning rule can be guaranteed to converge if certain conditions are satisfied. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

Stochastic switched controller design of networked control systems with a random long delay

The problem of stabilizing Networked Control Systems (NCSs) with random but bounded delays is discussed in this paper. By using an augmented state‐space method, this class of problem can be modeled as a discrete‐time jump linear system governed by finite‐state Markov chains. As the network‐induced time vary delay of NCSs changes along with the network transferring route and the network load, results in systems becoming instable with controller designs based on a fixed transition matrix, we firstly make use of the V‐K iteration algorithm to design m groups of stabilizing controllers that satisfy different m transition matrixes, and then constitute a switched controller for them and a switch. The simulation shows that if the switched controller is used to stabilize the discrete‐time jump linear system, this system not only has a larger stabilizing span, but also has better dynamic stabilizing characters compared to those with only one group of controllers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society