橡胶隔振器刚度和阻尼本构关系的试验研究

对橡胶隔振器的动态特性进行了试验研究,利用傅立叶变换分析了采集的试验信号,采用神经网络法拟合了试验曲线,利用曲线重构方法验证了神经网络曲线拟合的可行性。根据神经网络输出的数据,采用最小二乘优化方法对描述橡胶隔振器动态特性的多项式模型进行参数识别,识别结果表明橡胶隔振器的刚度和阻尼与振幅和频率之间呈曲面关系。利用最小二乘曲面拟合方法对刚度和阻尼曲面进行了拟合,得到了描述橡胶隔振器刚度和阻尼的本构关系。     

基于投影的二阶段空问圆线拟合算法

对空间圆线精确拟合算法进行研究.线性和非线性最小二乘法是拟合规则曲线和曲面方程的常见方法.空间圆线作为规则的二次曲线,由于没有特定的曲线方程无法直接使用线性和非线性最小二乘法来进行求解.由于空间圆线可以被看作平面和球面相交形成,圆线特征值可以通过平面和球面特征值求解.提出了基于投影二阶段拟合算法完成空间圆线拟合的方法.对空间圆线拟合原理进行了介绍,通过数据验证了算法的正确性、可行性和精确程度.使用程序进行了算法实现.与贝塞尔和B样条曲线算法精度进行了比较,表明该算法在精度方面具有优势,可用于逆向工程中提高空间拟合算法的精确度.     

基于投影的二阶段空间圆线拟合算法

对空间圆线精确拟合算法进行研究．线性和非线性最小二乘法是拟合规则曲线和曲面方程的常见方法．空间圆线作为规则的二次曲线,由于没有特定的曲线方程无法直接使用线性和非线性最小二乘法来进行求解．由于空间圆线可以被看作平面和球面相交形成,圆线特征值可以通过平面和球面特征值求解．提出了基于投影二阶段拟合算法完成空间圆线拟合的方法．对空间圆线拟合原理进行了介绍,通过数据验证了算法的正确性、可行性和精确程度．使用程序进行了算法实现．与贝塞尔和B样条曲线算法精度进行了比较,表明该算法在精度方面具有优势,可用于逆向工程中提高空间拟合算法的精确度．     

用考虑置信区间长度影响的最小二乘法拟合S－N曲线

S－N曲线是用名义应力法预测结构疲劳寿命的基础。基于试验疲劳寿命分散的物理机制,提出了一个S－N曲线试验数据处理的加权最小二乘法,此方法中每组数据的权重与该组数据的置信区间成反比。计算结果表明用考虑置信区间长度影响的最小二乘法拟合得到的S－N曲线比用一般最小二乘法得到的S－N曲线具有更高的可靠度,给出的寿命预测结果也更安全。     

分阶拟合直接配点无网格法

在子域插值的基础上提出了分阶拟合直接配点无网格方法。该方法通过分阶拟合使近似函数在节点的残差达到最小,边界条件直接引入,然后使用直接配点法求解方程。与其它插值或拟合方法相比,分阶拟合避免了矩阵奇异产生的困难;与最小移动二乘法(MLS)相比,分阶拟合只需用六个点来构造二次基近似函数,减小了计算量;而与其它基于Galerkin法的无网格法相比,分阶拟合直接配点无网格法计算量小。     

利用MATLAB—cflool绘制离心泵特性曲线

由水泵特性方程可知,拟合离心泵特性曲线通常要用最小二乘法。但是这种方法编程繁琐,不宜在工程中使用。此外,离心泵特性受诸多因素的影响,可能导致部分离心泵特性曲线不再符合线性方程。使用MATLAB中的图像函数可精确拟合出离心泵特性曲线,在使用最小二乘法时,进行不同拟合阶次的比较;在不使用最小二乘法时,做出更为精确的拟合。该方法精确可靠,操作简便且直观。可为相关技术人员提供一种快捷、精确的离心泵特性曲线拟合方法,以提高工作效率。     

移动最小二乘支持向量机

基于移动最小二乘逐点逼近思想,移动权被引入到最小二乘支持向量机的误差变量中,得到新算法的模型.此外,证明了用移动最小二乘支持向量机作函数估计与在特征空间中用移动最小二乘法得到的解是一致的,揭示了移动最小二乘支持向量机所选择的核函数相当于移动最小二乘法所选择基函数组.数值试验与实例进一步验证所提出方法的优越性.     

基于LSM分段拟合技术的喷墨输出反馈控制研究

各单色通道保持线性输出是喷墨打印机线性化校正的前提,以LSM(最小二乘法)的不足为启示,分析了LSM分段拟合技术的原理及特点,进而提出了针对图像的不同色调采用LSM分段拟合技术。实验分别采用LSM分段拟合技术和普通LSM拟合技术,拟合了喷墨打印机的反补偿曲线,再打印出反馈的应输入控制信息,最终评价比较了2种曲线模型下的输出样稿效果。结果表明:最小二乘法分段曲线拟合技术比普通最小二乘拟合技术更适用于喷墨输出反馈控制过程中。     

热电偶最优化分段最小二乘拟合线性化处理方法

针对虚拟测温仪器中的热电偶线性化问题 ,提出了一种适合多种热电偶和热电阻的在线拟合方法 ,该方法是一种基于最小二乘法低阶分段曲线拟合来实现热电偶的软件线性化处理方法 ,通过软件编程实现了在不等测温区间内分段运用最小二乘法获得不同的拟合函数 ,并给出一种热电偶的拟合结果。运用该方法可提高测温的灵活性和准确性     

最小二乘法拟合压力传感器二次曲线及精度分析

提出了用最小二乘法拟合压力传感器输入输出关系二次曲线的方法.文中对这两种方法作了比较,并用实例说明二次多项式拟合结果可大大提高测量的精度;其次,采用矩阵运算及MATLAB编程可提高计算效率.     

一种简便有效的曲面拟合方法及其成像技术

本文旨在论述一种新的、简便有效的曲面拟合方法,该方法是建立在拉格朗日三次曲线拟合方法之上,通过在x和y两个方向同时作曲线拟合,构成一个空间曲面。文中还讨论了该空间曲面的成像技术。经编程验证,此法具有计算量小,拟合精度高,拟合出的曲面光滑等优点,有很好的实用价值。     

Corrected discrete least-squares meshless method for simulating free surface flows

In this paper, a modified version of discrete least-squares meshless (DLSM) method is used to simulate free surface flows with moving boundaries. DLSM is a newly developed meshless approach in which a least-squares functional of the residuals of the governing differential equations and its boundary conditions at the nodal points is minimized with respect to the unknown nodal parameters. The meshless shape functions are also derived using the Moving Least Squares (MLS) method of function approximation. The method is, therefore, a truly meshless method in which no integration is required in the computations. Since the second order derivative of the MLS shape function are known to contain higher errors compared to the first derivative, a modified version of DLSM method referred to as corrected discrete least-squares meshless (corrected DLSM) is proposed in which the second order derivatives are evaluated more accurately and efficiently by combining the first order derivatives of MLS shape functions with a finite difference approximation of the second derivatives. The governing equations of fluid flow (Navier–Stokes) are solved by the proposed method using a two-step pressure projection method in a Lagrangian form. Three benchmark problems namely; dam break, underwater rigid landslide and Scott Russell wave generator problems are used to test the accuracy of the proposed approach. The results show that proposed corrected DLSM can be employed to simulate complex free surface flows more accurately.     

Analyzing three-dimensional potential problems with the improved element-free Galerkin method

The potential problem is one of the most important partial differential equations in engineering mathematics. A potential problem is a function that satisfies a given partial differential equation and particular boundary conditions. It is independent of time and involves only space coordinates, as in Poisson’s equation or the Laplace equation with Dirichlet, Neumann, or mixed conditions. When potential problems are very complex, both in their field variable variation and boundary conditions, they usually cannot be solved by analytical solutions. The element-free Galerkin (EFG) method is a promising method for solving partial differential equations on which the trial and test functions employed in the discretization process result from moving least-squares (MLS) interpolants. In this paper, by employing improved moving least-squares (IMLS) approximation, we derive the formulas for an improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method for three-dimensional potential problems. Because there are fewer coefficients in the IMLS approximation than in the MLS approximation, and in the IEFG method, fewer nodes are selected in the entire domain than in the conventional EFG method, the IEFG method should result in a higher computing speed.     

Meshless analysis of two-dimensional Stokes flows with the Galerkin boundary node method

In this paper, the Galerkin boundary node method (GBNM) is developed for the solution of stationary Stokes problems in two dimensions. The GBNM is a boundary only meshless method that combines a variational form of boundary integral formulations for governing equations with the moving least-squares (MLS) approximations for construction of the trial and test functions. Boundary conditions in this approach are included into the variational form, thus they can be applied directly and easily despite the MLS shape functions lack the property of a delta function. Besides, the GBNM keeps the symmetry and positive definiteness of the variational problems. Convergence analysis results of both the velocity and the pressure are given. Some selected numerical tests are also presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the method.     

Local integral equation method for viscoelastic Reissner–Mindlin plates

A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method is applied to solve static and dynamic bending problems of linear viscoelastic plates described by the Reissner–Mindlin theory. To this end, the correspondence principle is applied. A weak formulation for the set of governing equations in the Reissner–Mindlin theory with a unit test function is transformed into local integral equations on local subdomains in the mean surface of the plate. Nodal points are randomly spread on the mean surface of the plate and each node is surrounded by a circular subdomain to which local integral equations are applied. A meshless approximation based on the moving least-squares (MLS) method is employed in the numerical implementation.     

Enhanced error estimator based on a nearly equilibrated moving least squares recovery technique for FEM and XFEM

In this paper a new technique aimed to obtain accurate estimates of the error in energy norm using a moving least squares (MLS) recovery-based procedure is presented. In the techniques based on the superconvergent patch recovery (SPR) the continuity of the recovered field is provided by the shape functions of the underlying mesh. We explore the capabilities of a recovery technique based on an MLS fitting, more flexible than SPR techniques as it directly provides continuous interpolated fields without relying on any FE mesh, to obtain estimates of the error in energy norm as an alternative to SPR. In the enhanced MLS proposed in the paper, boundary equilibrium is enforced using a nearest point approach that modifies the MLS functional. Lagrange multipliers are used to impose a nearly exact satisfaction of the internal equilibrium equation. The numerical results indicate the high accuracy of the proposed error.     

Improved element-free Galerkin method for two-dimensional potential problems

Potential difficulties arise in connection with various physical and engineering problems in which the functions satisfy a given partial differential equation and particular boundary conditions. These problems are independent of time and involve only space coordinates, as in Poisson's equation or the Laplace equation with Dirichlet, Neuman, or mixed conditions. When the problems are too complex, they usually cannot be solved with analytical solutions. The element-free Galerkin (EFG) method is a meshless method for solving partial differential equations on which the trial and test functions employed in the discretization process result from moving least-squares (MLS) interpolants. In this paper, by using the weighted orthogonal basis function to construct the MLS interpolants, we derive the formulae of an improved EFG (IEFG) method for two-dimensional potential problems. There are fewer coefficients in the improved MLS (IMLS) approximation than in the MLS approximation, and in the IEFG method fewer nodes are selected in the entire domain than in the conventional EFG method. Hence, the IEFG method should result in a higher computing speed.     

The interpolating element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method for two-dimensional potential problems

In this paper, the moving least-squares (MLS) approximation and the interpolating moving least-squares (IMLS) method proposed by Lancaster are discussed first. A new method for deriving the MLS approximation is presented, and the IMLS method is improved. Compared with the IMLS method proposed by Lancaster, the shape function of the improved IMLS method in this paper is simpler so that the new method has higher computing efficiency. Then combining the shape function of the improved IMLS method with Galerkin weak form of the potential problem, the interpolating element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method for the two- dimensional potential problem is presented, and the corresponding formulae are obtained. Compared with the conventional element-free Galerkin (EFG) method, the boundary conditions can be applied directly in the IEFG method, which makes the computing efficiency higher. For the purposes of demonstration, some selected numerical examples are solved using the IEFG method.     

Analyzing modified equal width (MEW) wave equation using the improved element-free Galerkin method

The element-free Galerkin (EFG) method is a promising method for solving partial differential equations in which trial and test functions employed in the discretization process result from moving least-squares (MLS) approximation. In this paper, by employing the improved moving least-squares (IMLS) approximation, we derive formulae for an improved element-free Galerkin (IEFG) method for the modified equal width (MEW) wave equation. A variation of the method is used to obtain the discrete equations, and the essential boundary conditions are enforced by the penalty method. Because there are fewer coefficients in the IMLS approximation than in the MLS approximation and in the IEFG method, fewer nodes are selected in the entire domain than in the conventional EFG method. Therefore, the IEFG method may result a better computing speed. In this paper, the effectiveness of the IEFG method for modified equal width (MEW) wave equation is investigated by numerical examples.