黑果枸杞油中脂肪酸、植物甾醇的组成及维生素A、维生素E的分析

对黑果枸杞油中脂肪酸、植物甾醇组成及维生素A、维生素E的含量进行测定。结果表明:黑果枸杞油中不饱和脂肪酸含量为90.0%,其中油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量分别为17.9%、67.6%和4.0%;植物甾醇由β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇和豆甾醇组成,总含量为489.2 mg/100 g;维生素A和维生素E的含量分别为0.3 mg/100 g和46.3 mg/100 g。黑果枸杞油是一种具有开发价值的新型植物油。     

美藤果油中甾醇对核桃油氧化稳定性的影响

通过测定美藤果油中甾醇含量,β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇是美藤果油中甾醇的主要成分,美藤果油中豆甾醇含量为（68.7434±0.46 mg/100g）,β-谷甾醇含量为(156.4668±0.46 mg/100g);将甾醇标准品（按照美藤果油β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇比例为2：1）加入核桃油,同时与柠檬酸、维生素E、TBHQ（特丁基对苯二酚）和BHA（丁基羟基茴香醚）对照,测定过氧化值和酸值,探究甾醇对核桃油氧化稳定性的影响。结果表明：当甾醇添加量为200 mg/kg 时,加速氧化后,其过氧化值和酸值与空白核桃油结果差异显著(P＜0.05);说明添加甾醇对核桃油能延缓氧化。5种抗氧化剂对核桃油抗氧化作用效果依次为: TBHQ＞BHA＞甾醇＞维生素E、柠檬酸,发现甾醇作为天然抗氧化剂效果优于维生素E和柠檬酸。添加量为200 mg/kg甾醇、163.63 mg/kg柠檬酸、174.66 mg/kg维生素E,复配后其过氧化值为14.44 mmol/kg,接近添加BHA过氧化值,说明甾醇与天然抗氧化剂（维生素E、柠檬酸）复配对核桃油有延缓氧化效果,但协同增效作用不显著。     

云南11种油料作物油脂主要功能性成分评价

采用索氏抽提仪、气-质联用仪、高效液相色谱仪、紫外分光光度计对云南11种油料作物油脂中植物甾醇、角鲨烯、维生素E、类胡萝卜素和总酚含量进行测定分析。结果表明:植物油脂中的植物甾醇均以β-谷甾醇为主,β-谷甾醇含量最高的为菜籽油,总植物甾醇含量最高的也为菜籽油;橄榄油中角鲨烯的含量最高,达0.637%,明显优于其他植物油脂;红花籽油中维生素E含量最高,达19.90 mg/100 g(以α-生育酚计);花生油中类胡萝卜素含量最高,达18.10 mg/100 g;菜籽油中总酚含量最高,达247.91 mg/kg。通过主成分分析并对11种植物油脂的主要功能性成分综合得分进行排序,得分由高到低为菜籽油>橡胶籽油>花生油>红花籽油>橄榄油>大豆油>青刺果油>油茶籽油>油藤果油>核桃油>澳洲坚果油。因此,如果仅从脂溶性成分来看,菜籽油最优,橡胶籽油次之。     

11种植物油的脂肪酸组成与抗氧化活性比较

对4种新资源食品油、2种高端食用油和5种普通植物油的脂肪酸组成和抗氧化活性进行比较研究,以评价不同类型植物油的质量。采用气-质联用色谱法测定了11种植物油的脂肪酸组成,应用DPPH、ABTS、FRAP法对不同植物油的全油以及极性部位的抗氧化活性进行测定。结果显示:新资源食品油(茶叶籽油除外)的多不饱和脂肪酸含量均大于65%,其中α-亚麻酸高达38%以上,而普通植物油以及牛油果油和橄榄油中α-亚麻酸含量仅有0.11%～8.67%; 11种植物油对DPPH·清除能力从大到小依次为杜仲籽油美藤果油玉米油大豆油葵花籽油牡丹籽油菜籽油橄榄油牛油果油花生油茶叶籽油;对ABTS+·的清除能力从大到小依次为橄榄油菜籽油杜仲籽油大豆油玉米油美藤果油花生油牛油果油茶叶籽油牡丹籽油葵花籽油;对FRAP Fe3+-TPTZ还原能力从大到小依次为杜仲籽油美藤果油菜籽油橄榄油玉米油花生油大豆油牡丹籽油葵花籽油牛油果油茶叶籽油。在脂肪酸组成方面,新资源食品油有较大优势,DPPH、ABTS、FRAP 3种方法所得的每种植物油的抗氧化活性不同,但杜仲籽油、美藤果油、菜籽油和玉米油在3种方法中均表现出较好的抗氧化活性。     

马鲁拉油与6种植物油理化性质、脂肪酸组成、营养物质比较

比较了马鲁拉油和6种常见植物油(橄榄油、花生油、玉米油、葵花籽油、紫苏籽油、亚麻籽油)的脂肪酸组成、理化性质及角鲨烯、维生素E和β-谷甾醇等营养物质含量的差异。结果表明:马鲁拉种仁出油率高达51.93%;马鲁拉油中角鲨烯和β-谷甾醇含量分别为2.5 mg/100 g和183.5 mg/100 g;马鲁拉油中的油酸含量高达76.94%,橄榄油中油酸含量为67.39%;与常见植物油相比,马鲁拉油富含单不饱和脂肪酸,脂肪酸比例均衡,且富含营养物质,适于人体的吸收,具有开发应用的潜力。     

不同方法制备的美藤果油品质研究

对美藤果成分进行了分析,并对乙醚萃取、超临界CO_2萃取以及压榨制备的美藤果油的品质进行研究。结果表明:美藤果全籽粗脂肪含量为32.88%,美藤果仁粗脂肪含量为51.86%,美藤果仁中粗蛋白质含量为23.23%;3种方法制备的美藤果油皂化值、碘值以及脂肪酸组成和含量并无明显的差异,均含有较高的不饱和脂肪酸(92%),且以亚麻酸和亚油酸为主;美藤果油中生育酚主要为γ-生育酚和δ-生育酚;超临界CO_2萃取和乙醚萃取的美藤果油中甾醇和生育酚含量稍高于压榨美藤果油,其中超临界CO_2萃取的美藤果油中生育酚含量较高,乙醚萃取的美藤果油中游离态甾醇和酯态甾醇含量较高。     

绿色新资源食品——美藤果油

美藤果是从厄瓜多尔引种于云南普洱的多年生木质藤本植物.成分分析结果表明,美藤果是一种高油脂、高蛋白、高维生素E含量的油料植物.直接冷榨提取的美藤果油理化指标可达到国家食用油标准,不需精炼,且食用安全无毒.与其他食用植物油脂肪酸比较,美藤果油的脂肪酸组成合理,不饱和程度高,且多不饱和脂肪酸含量高于其他食用植物油.由于美藤果的种植周期短、营养丰富,在食品工业、化妆品工业和药用工业方面的开发利用前景看好.     

菜籽油与不同食用植物油营养品质的比较——兼论油菜品质的遗传改良

从脂肪酸组成、植物甾醇、微量元素与维生素E等几个植物油营养品质方面比较了菜籽油与其他食用植物油的营养价值,结果显示,菜籽油中的饱和脂肪酸含量最低,且油酸含量较高,亚油酸、亚麻酸含量合理;胆固醇含量较低,对身体有益的菜籽甾醇、菜油甾醇和豆甾醇含量比其他食用植物油高;主要微量元素如铁、铜、锌等和维生素E含量较高且维生素E功能性成分比例适当。另外,菜籽油含有特有的天然抗氧化剂菜籽多酚;具有降低血液胆固醇及其有害组分且增加有益组分含量、降低血液纤维蛋白原的作用。分析了菜籽油存在的不足,提出了"四高三低二适中"的油菜品质改良目标及实现方法。     

美藤果油的营养特性及生理功能研究进展

为促进美藤果油的深入研究与应用,综述了近年来国内外美藤果油的营养特性及生理功能研究进展。美藤果油富含α-亚麻酸和微量活性成分,如维生素E、植物甾醇和多酚类物质,具有降血脂、提高免疫力及改善记忆力等生理功能,在特膳食品、特医食品及保健食品领域有较好的应用潜力。     

特种植物油中甾醇总量及组成分析

通过气相色谱法对牡丹籽油、核桃油、南瓜籽油、葡萄籽油四种特种植物油中的甾醇总量及组成进行分析研究。结果表明,牡丹籽油甾醇总量为240.0 mg/100 g,其主要组分是β-谷甾醇、Δ5,23-豆甾二烯醇和Δ5-燕麦甾烯醇;核桃油甾醇总量为100.5 mg/100 g,其主要组分是β-谷甾醇;南瓜籽油甾醇总量为299.6~358.4 mg/100 g,其主要组分是β-谷甾醇、Δ5,24-豆甾二烯醇和Δ7-燕麦甾烯醇;葡萄籽油甾醇总量为222.5~234.9 mg/100 g,其主要组分是β-谷甾醇、菜油(芸薹)甾醇和豆甾醇。分析结果为特种植物油的开发及加工提供了基础数据及技术支撑。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press