TS-1催化苯羟基化制苯酚的本征动力学

TS-1分子筛催化苯羟基化法制苯酚是一种绿色工艺路线。对以TS-1为催化剂苯与过氧化氢反应制苯酚的本征动力学进行了研究。考察了搅拌速度、苯浓度、过氧化氢浓度以及反应温度等因素对苯酚初始生成速率的影响,并采用幂函数方程进行实验数据拟合。结果表明,在消除内外扩散影响的条件下,反应对于苯、过氧化氢的反应级数分别为0.62和0.55,反应的活化能为101.31 kJ/mol。依据上述结果建立了反应的本征动力学方程,并对模型进行验证,结果显示模型计算得到的苯酚初始生成速率与实验值的平均相对偏差为6.81%,吻合较好。研究得到的动力学模型为TS-1催化苯羟基化-膜分离耦合制备苯酚的条件优化及过程开发提供依据。     

Epoxidation of methyl oleate with hydrogen peroxide

Summary Simple addition of hydrogen peroxide to a 10 molar excess of glacial acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst gave about 90% conversion to peracetic acid in the peracid preforming step. Improved hydrogen peroxide efficiency in the epoxidation step was obtained by using a 0.9:1 molar ratio of preformed peracetic acid to methyl oleate. Under these conditions most of the peracetic acid was used in forming the epoxide. Stainless Steels 304, 316, 321, 329, and 430 are satisfactory as materials of construction from the standpoint of both corrosion resistance and effect on the reaction. Presented at the 27th annual fall meeting, American Oil Chemists’ Society, Nov. 4–6, 1953, in Chicago, Ill.     

Epoxidation of Linear Olefins over Stacked TS-1 Zeolite Catalysts

Stacked TS-1 [NSTS-1(MW)] has been prepared by microwave synthesis and applied to the epoxidation of linear olefins with H₂O₂ under mild conditions, and the epoxidation activities were compared with the non-stacked TS-1 and the conventional TS-1, which were also synthesized by microwave and by typical hydrothermal method, respectively. Stacking of TS-1 crystals was accomplished by using microwave which facilitated the dehydration of hydroxyl groups on the external surface of crystallites through the selective absorption of microwave onto Ti species. The stacked crystallites seemed to allow the running pore structure in the b-axis orientation through the crystallites in the stacked morphology. Besides this unique pore structure, the stacked TS-1 showed peculiar features like higher hydrophobicity and enhanced catalytic property than typical TS-1. Moreover, the NSTS-1(MW) showed the highest activity in the epoxidation of linear olefins among three catalysts, and also coincided with the differences in the adsorption of linear aliphatics due to strong interaction with the straight channel in the stacked morphology, which gave larger Henry’s constants, obtained by the tracer chromatographic analysis, as the increase in the carbon chain length.     

Direct epoxidation of propylene with hydrogen peroxide over TS-1 catalysts: Effect of hydrophobicity of the catalysts

TS-1 (titanium silicalite-1) catalysts were hydrothermally synthesized in the presence of polymethylmethacrylate bead (denoted as TS-1_PMMA) and polystyrene bead (denoted as TS-1_PS) for use in the direct epoxidation of propylene with hydrogen peroxide. TS-1 catalyst was also synthesized by a hydrothermal method in the absence of polymer bead. It was revealed that TS-1_PMMA and TS-1_PS catalysts showed a better catalytic performance than TS-1 catalyst in terms of conversion of hydrogen peroxide, selectivity for propylene oxide, and yield for propylene oxide, due to their enhanced hydrophobicity. Among three catalysts, TS-1_PS with the highest hydrophobicity showed the best catalytic performance.     

过氧钨配合物催化过氧化氢制备环氧大豆油的研究

研究了无溶剂和石油醚作溶剂时,30%过氧化氢存在下过氧钨配合物催化大豆油进行相转移的环氧化,并考察了溶剂、反应时间和催化剂等因素对产物的影响。结果显示石油醚作溶剂,1,2 磷钨酸吡啶盐(CWP)作催化剂,60℃反应6h,环氧值为6.4%,碘值为4.4mg/100mg,达到最佳效果。     

Epoxidation of allyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide over titanium silicalite TS‐2 catalyst

The influence of the technological parameters on the course of the epoxidation of allyl alcohol with 30% H₂O₂ in the presence of titanium silicalite TS‐2 catalyst and methanol as a solvent was studied. The process was performed in an autoclave at the autogenic pressure. The influence of temperature in the range 20–120 °C, molar ratio of allyl alcohol/H₂O₂ (1:1–10:1), methanol concentration in the reaction mixture (10–80% w/w), catalyst TS‐2 concentration (0.1–2.0% w/w) and reaction time (1–8 h) were investigated. The functions describing the process were: selectivity of transformation to glycidocidol in relation to allyl alcohol consumed, selectivity of transformation to organic compounds in relation to hydrogen peroxide consumed, conversions of allyl alcohol and hydrogen peroxide. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

丙烯环氧化中TS-1寿命

钛硅催化剂 (ＴＳ - 1)催化下的丙烯与Ｈ2 Ｏ2 环氧化过程是环氧丙烷 (ＰＯ)洁净生产的发展方向[1,2 ] ,反应条件温和 ,选择性高 ,但目前的研究主要在催化剂制备 .虽然部分学者[3] 对催化剂的寿命进行了报道 ,但仅限于 5～ 8次间歇反应的累计结果 .本文根据动力学研究的结果[4 ,5] ,采用连续淤浆反应器 ,在最佳反应和加速反应条件下 ,对催化剂的寿命进行研究 ,测定了该催化剂的单程寿命 ,并用ＸＰＳ(Ｘ射线光电子能谱 )分析了催化剂失活的原因 ,为丙烯环氧化工艺的进一步工业化提供指导和依据 .实验中钛硅分子筛 (ＴＳ - 1)按文献 [2 ]合成 …     

链状结构TS-1分子筛的合成

采用3种合成方法制备链状结构的钛硅分子筛(TS-1),并用X线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和紫外可见分光光度计(UV-VIS)等手段对试样进行表征。研究结果表明:在常规水热合成条件下,TS-1晶体具有沿着[010]面层状堆积生长形成链状结构的趋势。合成温度越高,越容易获得与微波合成相似的较好的链状结构,进入骨架的Ti诱导了分子筛晶粒之间表面羟基的缩合反应,从而导致晶体层状堆积生长,与加热方法无关。     

N-oxidation of pyridines by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of TS-1

In the production of aromatic N-oxides using the oxidation of N-containing heterocyclic aromatic substrates with H₂O₂ as oxidant, the non-catalysed homogeneous oxidation is found to play an important part in the overall reaction. In addition, when TS-1 is used as a catalyst, there are many potential competitive interactions between the catalyst, the reactants and the products, which limit the effectiveness of the catalyst. It is concluded that the use of TS-1 and other microporous catalysts for the heterogeneous N-oxidation of pyridine and substituted pyridines needs to be interpreted with caution.     

过氧化氢与TS-1/2稳定剂法脱硫工艺的生产实践

阐述了过氧化氢与TS-1/2稳定剂法脱硫技术的原理及特点.采用w（H2O2）27.5％的过氧化氢溶液作为吸收剂,回收SO2后可产生w（H2SO4）20％ ～30％的稀硫酸并返回干吸工序使用,脱硫效率高,脱硫后排放的尾气中ρ（SO2） ＜200 mg/m3,远低于新国标规定的排放限值.     

Epoxidation of alkenes with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by 1-methyl-3-butylimidazoliumdecatungstate in ionic liquid

The epoxidation of alkenes with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by a new tungsten catalyst 1-methyl-3-butylimidazoliumdecatungstate in [bmim][BF₄] ionic liquid is described. The epoxides are obtained in high yield, catalyst can be recycled and the reaction conditions are simple and environmentally benign.     

Epoxidation of allyl chloride and hydrogen peroxide over titanium silicalite‐1 film on SiO2 pellet support

Titanium silicalite‐1 (TS‐1) films were prepared on SiO₂ pellet supports via an in situ hydrothermal synthesis method and were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ²⁹Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (Si MAS NMR). The growth time of TS‐1 film had a strong effect on its morphology and the thickness and size of the crystals. The uniformity and thickness of TS‐1 films increased with increase of growth times. The epoxidation of allyl chloride (ACH) with dilute hydrogen peroxide to form epichlorohydrin (ECH) over the TS‐1 films was carried out in a fixed bed reactor. The conversion of ACH and the selectivity to ECH over the TS‐1 films of the second growth were higher than that of the first growth, the third and the fourth growth. And the conversion and selectivity as a function of time‐on‐stream gave a good stable performance in an extended test up to at least 19 h. The final steady‐state conversion and selectivity were approximately 86% and 55%, respectively. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

TS-1催化H2O2与甲基氯丙烯环氧化

以TS-1为催化剂,以30％（质量分数）H2O2为氧化剂催化2-甲基-3-氯丙烯（MAC）环氧化,考察了溶剂种类与用量、反应温度、反应物摩尔配比及催化剂TS-1质量浓度等因素对环氧化反应的影响。结果表明,反应的最佳溶剂为甲醇;增加催化剂质量浓度和升高反应温度均有利于提高转化率和H2O2有效利用率,但同时降低了反应的选择性;从反应物摩尔配比兼顾反应的转化率和H2O2有效利用率两方面来考虑,本试验条件下选1：1为佳。     

Epoxidation of Butadiene Over Nickel Modified TS-1 Catalyst

Abstract  

Nickel modified Titanium silicalite 1 (TS-1) catalysts provided an environmentally benign and effective method for butadiene epoxidation. Certain loading of modified Ni in our system significantly promoted TS-1 catalytic activity. The product vinyloxirane (VO) was obtained with high yield of 0.49 mol/L (theoretic equilibrium value 0.52 mol/L). The turnover number (TON, determined as the molar VO obtained per molar Ti atom) reached 1,140. Besides, the catalyst kept high activity during five runs of reusability test. XRD, N₂ adsorption and desorption, TPR, XPS, FT-IR and DR UV–Vis were employed to characterize the specific Ni role to Ti-site in Ni/TS-1 catalysts.     

Epoxidation of propylene and direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by hydrogen and oxygen

The autoreduction of palladium–platinum-containing titanium silicalite leads to an effective catalyst for the epoxidation of propylene to propylene oxide by O₂ in the presence of H₂. The one-pot reaction is favoured compared to the two-step reaction path.     

苯一步法制苯酚反应中TS-1催化剂失活研究

考察了TS-1催化剂在过氧化氢氧化苯一步法制苯酚反应中的催化效果,研究表明在反应初期TS-1具有较高的反应活性,但易失活;采用XRD、SEM、微结构分析、TG-DTA多种方法分析反应前后TS-1的性质,表明反应前后其骨架结构未发生变化,失活催化剂晶型晶貌未发生明显改变,在TG由线中320℃附近有失重;失活催化荆可通过焙烧再生,其活性基本得到恢复,表明反应中催化剂的失活是由羽产物积碳所导致的暂时性失活.     

TS-1分子筛催化剂的制备和表征

以四丙基氢氧化铵为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,异丙醇为络合剂,碳酸铵为晶化调节剂,对经典水热法进行改进,制备出形貌规则且粒径约为200 nm的TS-1分子筛,考察晶化时间、正硅酸乙酯水解时间及络合剂种类对骨架Ti含量的影响,并采用XRD、SEM、FTIR和UV-Vis等对合成的样品进行表征。结果表明,当正硅酸乙酯水解2 h和晶化时间3天时,异丙醇的加入可有效阻止TiO_2沉淀的产生,同时加入(NH_4)_2CO_3能够促进钛物种进入TS-1分子筛骨架,提高骨架中的Ti含量。     

外环流气升式反应器中催化丙烯环氧化反应

本论文研究了外环流气升式反应器中TS-1催化丙烯环氧化反应,以单位催化剂空时收率为目标,进行了反应工艺条件的优化,考察了结构参数,上升管与下降管横截面积之比Ar Ad对反应的影响。     

Is 1-hexene epoxidation in TS-1 diffusion limited in different solvents?

PFG NMR diffusion measurements were carried out to determine the effect of solvent on intracrystalline reactant diffusivities and on 1-hexene epoxidation rates in TS-1 catalyst. Using n-hexane in silicalite as a mimic for the TS-1 system, the self-diffusivity of n-hexane in silicalite was found to be 24% higher in methanol solvent than in acetonitrile solvent and 45% higher than in acetone solvent. The presence of trace Al did not affect n-hexane diffusivity. Based on analysis of the Weisz modulus for a slab morphology, the 1-hexene epoxidation reaction in TS-1 was found to be diffusion limited only if the crystal size is at least 38 μm in the methanol system.     

Regeneration of Lamina TS-1 Catalyst in the Epoxidation of Propylene with Hydrogen Peroxide

The deactivation and regeneration of the lamina titanium silicalite (TS-1) catalyst for the epoxidation of propylene with dilute H₂O₂was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor. In the scale-up experiment, the dosage of the lamina TS-1 catalyst is 2. 5 kg, after 1000 h reaction the catalyst still exhibits good performance and further increases the reaction time, the conversion of H₂O₂begins to decrease. TG and BET analyses of the deactivated catalysts show that the main species occluded within the zeolite pore are propylene oxide oligomers, and these species occupying the active Ti site and blocking the pores of the lamina TS-1 are the main reason for the deactivation of catalyst. The deactivated catalyst can be regenerated by different regeneration methods. The activity of deactivated catalysts regenerated by dilute H₂O₂or heat treatment by using air or nitrogen as a calcination media can be fully recovered, but a decline in propylene oxide (PO) selectivity of the regenerated catalyst has been observed during the first hours of reaction. However, water vapor treatment of the deactivated catalyst can improve the PO selectivity with the same activity as that of the fresh lamina TS-1 catalyst.