单分散磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子的研究进展

具有良好的化学稳定性、生物相容性、磁响应性的单分散磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子,在药学、催化化学、医学和光电磁记录材料等方面都有很大的使用前景;而具有自组装光子晶体现象的Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子在包装、印刷、防伪等领域的应用中更展现出巨大的潜力。本文在对单分散磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子的制备方法进行了总结回顾,并对单分散磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子的光学应用领域做了简略的介绍,并对单分散磁性Fe₃O₄纳米粒子的发展趋向进行了展望,并总结分析现阶段大多数Fe₃O₄纳米粒子的合成方法在非极性溶液中分散性差,使其在实际应用中受到很大的限制,未来Fe₃O₄纳米粒子表面进行修饰将成为该领域的研究热点之一。     

Controlled assembly of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles on graphene oxide

We describe a facile approach to controllable assembly of monodisperse Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (NPs) on chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO). First, reduction and functionalization of GO by polyetheylenimine (PEI) were achieved simultaneously by simply heating the PEI and GO mixture at 60 °C for 12 h. The process is environmentally friendly and convenient compared with previously reported methods. Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinnic acid (DMSA)-modified Fe(3)O(4) NPs were then conjugated to the PEI moiety which is located on the periphery of the GO sheets via formation of amide bonds between COOH groups of DMSA molecules bound on the surface of the Fe(3)O(4) NPs and amine groups of PEI. The magnetic GO composites were characterized by means of TEM, AFM, UV-vis, FTIR, Raman, TGA, and VSM measurements. Finally, preliminary results of using the Fe(3)O(4)-rGO composites for efficient removal of tetracycline, an antibiotic that is often found as a contaminant in the environment, are reported.     

Influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles decoration on dye adsorption and magnetic separation properties of Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposites

Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles were prepared by solvothermal method and its composites with reduced graphene oxide namely FG1, FG2, and FG3 (changing magnetite precursor loading 0.1, 0.5, and 1 respectively) were used as adsorbents for the removal of methyl violet (MV) dye. The structural and morphological results confirm that rGO sheets were decorated with Fe₃O₄ and it ensures the variation of active sites toward dye removal property. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained for FG2 was 196 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics better fit Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic model for FG1 and FG2. Increasing of Fe₃O₄ loading on rGO reduces the dye adsorption sites and too low Fe₃O₄ loading affects the magnetic separation. The optimal loading of Fe₃O₄ on rGO is important parameter for the adsorption process and fast separation of adsorbent.     

A sonochemical method for synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and thermal stable PVA-based magnetic nanocomposite

Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple surfactant-free sonochemical reaction. Room temperature synthesis without using inert atmosphere is the novelty of this work. The effect of different parameters on the morphology of the products was investigated. The magnetic properties of the samples were also investigated using an alternating gradient force magnetometer. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 66 emu/g and a coercivity of 39 Oe at room temperature. For preparation magnetic nanocomposite, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were added to the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Nanoparticles can enhance the thermal stability and flame retardant property of the PVA matrix.     

Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子的共沉淀法制备研究

叙述了以液相共沉淀法制备纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子的工艺,研究了反应搅拌速度、n(Fe3+)/n(Fe2+)的比例、pH值和熟化温度对制备纳米Fe3O4粒子的影响,并利用透射电镜表征观察Fe3O4纳米粒子的形貌。研究结果表明,在搅拌速度较快的情况下制备纳米级Fe3O4颗粒的最佳合成工艺条件为:n(Fe3+)/n(Fe2+)为1.8∶1(摩尔比),熟化温度70℃,熟化时间30 min,以氨水作沉淀剂最佳pH值是9左右,可制得纯度较高,粒径小于10 nmFe3O4磁性粒子。     

Aspergillus niger NL-1来源的木聚糖酶的耐热性能改造及其在水解木聚糖中的应用

为提高来源于Aspergillus niger NL-1的木聚糖酶MxynB的热稳定性，通过定点突变技术在木聚糖酶MxynB的相应位置引入二硫键（Cys¹¹⁶-Cys¹³⁵），获得突变酶MynxB-116-135；通过基因融合技术在木聚糖酶MxynB的N端融合了具有较高热稳定性的来源于嗜热菌Thermotoga thermarum DSM5069的纤维素结合结构域（CBD），获得突变酶CBD-MxynB和CBD-MxynB-116-135。分别将原酶及突变酶在E.coli BL21（DE3）中表达，经纯化后对比其酶学性质。结果显示，突变酶MxynB-116-135的最适温度为50℃，较原酶MxynB提高了5℃；突变酶CBD-MxynB和CBD-MxynB-116-135的温度稳定性明显提高，其中CBD-MxynB-116-135尤为突出，在70℃下保温2h仍能保持50%以上的酶活力，而原酶基本失活。研究表明，二硫键的引入和CBD的融合对提高MxynB的热稳定性具有重要的作用。此外，研究了突变酶CBD-MxynB-116-135水解玉米芯木聚糖的产物，结果显示玉米芯木聚糖质量浓度为2.5mg/mL，酶用量为40U/g，在50℃、pH 5.0条件下水解10h后，水解得率为39.6%，水解产物XOS_2-3含量占87.9%。结果表明，利用该突变木聚糖酶酶解碱提玉米芯木聚糖可产生以木二糖及木三糖为主要成分的低聚木糖。     

制备纳米Fe3O4的研究进展

概述了近年来制备纳米Fe3O4中各方法：沉淀法(共沉淀法、氧化沉淀法、还原沉淀法、交流电沉淀法和络合物分解法)、水热法、水解法、微乳液法、固相法、球磨法、超声波法、热解法、水溶液吸附分散法等的研究现状,并对磁性纳米Fe3O4的应用及其发展趋势做了简单的介绍,对其进一步的研究做了展望。     

磁性Fe3O4@SiO2颗粒结构对其吸附DNA的影响

采用共沉淀法和水热法制备了不同结构的超顺磁性Fe3O4@SiO2纳米颗粒,对其进行表征,研究了其吸附DNA的性能及磁分离性能. 结果表明,20?750 nm范围内粒径较大的颗粒与DNA结合时可提供更多单位平面结合位点,使结合的稳定性和结合几率增加,DNA结合量提高. 不同核?壳结构的Fe3O4@SiO2纳米颗粒的磁分离响应时间不同,内核大小相近时,壳层厚度增加会导致颗粒在磁场中受到的磁力与阻力的比值减小,磁响应时间增加,DNA回收率降低. 粒径约为200 nm的Fe3O4@SiO2纳米颗粒用于纯化全血中DNA最好,提取率为95.2%,磁响应时间为10 s.     

Core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles synthesized with well-dispersed hydrophilic Fe3O4 seeds

Silica coated magnetite (Fe3O4@SiO2) core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled silica shell thicknesses were prepared by a modified St?ber method using 20 nm hydrophilic Fe3O4 NPs as seeds. The core-shell NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and UV-Vis adsorption spectra (UV-Vis). The results imply that NPs consist of a crystalline magnetite core and an amorphous silica shell. The silica shell thickness can be controlled from 12.5 nm to 45 nm by varying the experimental parameters. The reaction time, the ratio of TEOS/Fe3O4, and the concentration of hydrophilic Fe3O4 seeds were found to be very influential in the control of silica shell thickness. These well-dispersed core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs show superparamagnetic properties at room temperature.     

纳米Fe3O4协同海藻酸钠固定化桑叶多酚氧化酶

探索磁性纳米Fe3O4协同海藻酸钠固定化桑叶多酚氧化酶.通过单因素和正交试验优化固定化条件,并采用电镜技术对固定化桑叶多酚氧化酶进行形态观察.试验结果表明最佳固定化条件为:按质量比3∶5加入磁粉纳米Fe3O4到4％海藻酸钠溶液里,在质量分数为1％氯化钙中包埋1.0h,再用质量分数为1.5％戊二醛交联1.5h,此条件下的酶活回收率为93.44％.通过与非磁性的海藻酸钠固定化酶的对比,磁性纳米Fe3O4复合海藻酸钠固定化酶包覆良好,酶活回收率提高了7.84％.     

多元醇法制备纳米Fe3O4的研究

为了研究液相多元醇法制备金属纳米粒子,以氯化亚铁为前驱物,1,2-丙二醇为还原剂,意外获得了Fe3O4纳米粒子。通过X射线衍射分析标定了获得样品的物相为面心立方结构的Fe3O4,用透射电镜观察了样品的形貌,其颗粒形貌为球形,大小为50—70 nm。根据标准状态下氧化-还原反应的电池电动势研究了反应机理,结果表明,Fe2+发生了歧化反应,反应主要向Fe2+被氧化的方向进行,产物为纳米Fe3O4。     

四氧化三铁磁性超细粉的表面改性

在制备了Fe3O4磁性超细粉后，根据应用的需要对其表面进行处理以改变其物理化学性质。本实验从众多改性剂中进行了筛选，选出钛酸酯偶联剂作为Fe3O4的最优改性剂，通过分析改性影响因素，采用正交实验寻求其最优的改性工艺条件。     

An eco-friendly method based on the self-glue effect of keratins for preparing Fe3O4-coated wool

Although coating technology and in-situ synthesis have been widely applied to produce Fe₃O₄ NPs-containing composite materials, there still exist potential risks to the environment. Herein, an eco-friendly preparation of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (FNPs)-coated wool felt is proposed based on the self-glue effect of wool keratins in the NaHSO₃/urea solution. It avoids the use of coating agents, and also the commercially available FNPs are directly utilized as raw materials, both making the residual FNPs completely recyclable. The resulting FNPs-coated wool felt shows high magnetization (23.54 emu g⁻¹) and excellent microwave-assisted heating properties (the temperature rise is about 40°C after 10 min). The results of EDS-SEM (energy dispersive spectrometer-scanning electron microscope), loud amount (%), crease recovery angle (CRA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and X-ray diffraction (XRD) prove that the dramatical swelling and the recoagulation of superficial keratins of wool fibers are the mechanism of the self-glue effect.     

Fe3O4/P(St/ACPA)磁性高分子纳米球的制备与磁性能研究

采用化学共沉淀方法制备Fe_3O_4磁性粒子,并使用油酸和十一烯酸对其进行表面改性,然后采用一步细乳液聚合法制备含有羧基官能团的Fe_3O_4/P(St/ACPA)磁性高分子纳米球,对磁流体和磁性高分子纳米球进行性能表征。结果表明,改性的Fe_3O_4磁流体分散性好,粒径均一,在室温下呈超顺磁性,磁含量为68.5%(w),饱和磁化强度为51.3emu/g;Fe_3O_4/P(St/ACPA)磁性高分子纳米球成球性好,粒径为70 nm,磁含量为39%(w),饱和磁化强度为27.9 emu/g。     

纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒表面改性及其在医学和环保领域的应用

纳米Fe₃O₄磁性材料在生物医学、环保、催化及电子信息等领域有巨大的应用潜力,但单独的纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒存在一些弊端,难以直接使用,在生物医药领域尤其如此。对Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子进行表面改性,可以改善其结构与性能,因此,备受科学界关注。对近年来Fe₃O₄磁性纳米颗粒的表面改性方法及其在生物医学、环境工程两大领域中的应用做了综述,并对今后发展趋势做了初步的展望。     

Graft polymerization synthesis and application of magnetic Fe3O4/polyacrylic acid composite nanoparticles

Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation using NH₃ · H₂O as the precipitating agent, and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD). The compatibility between the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and water were enhanced by grafting acrylic acid onto the nanoparticle surface. FTIR, XRD, thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the resultant sample. The effects of initiator dosage, monomer concentration, and reaction temperature on the characteristics of surface‐modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were investigated. Moreover, magnetic fluids (MF), prepared by dispersing the PAA grafted Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in water, were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometer, Gouy magnetic balance, and laser particle‐size analyzer. The rheological characteristics of magnetic fluid were investigated using capillary and rotating rheometers. The MF was added to prepare PVA thin film to improve mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

醇水法制备Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒工艺优化

采用醇水法制备纳米Fe3O4,用正交实验法考察Fe3+与Fe2+的比例、反应温度、总铁浓度和醇水比对纳米Fe3O4粒径的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺为醇水比为1∶1,Fe3+/Fe2+的摩尔比为2∶1,总铁浓度为0.03 mol/L,反应温度为80℃。用XRD,TEM,FT-IR,VSM对所制备纳米颗粒进行结构和性能的表征。     

In situ preparation of monodispersed Ag/polyaniline/Fe3O4 nanoparticles via heterogeneous nucleation

Acrylic acid and styrene were polymerized onto monodispersed Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles using a grafting copolymerization method. Aniline molecules were then bonded onto the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles by electrostatic self-assembly and further polymerized to obtain uniform polyaniline/Fe₃O₄ (PANI/Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (approximately 35 nm). Finally, monodispersed Ag/PANI/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared by an in situ reduction reaction between emeraldine PANI and silver nitrate. Fourier transform infrared and UV-visible spectrometers and a transmission electron microscope were used to characterize both the chemical structure and the morphology of the resulting nanoparticles.     

聚多巴胺包覆Fe3O4纳米粒子催化降解亚甲基蓝

采用共沉淀法制备了磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子（NPs）,通过多巴胺（DA）原位氧化聚合的方式,将聚多巴胺（PDA）引入到Fe3O4 NPs表面,制备PDA包覆Fe3O4纳米粒子（Fe3O4@PDA NPs）。通过TEM、XRD、FTIR、XPS对粒子的形貌结构进行表征。随后将其作为异相芬顿（Fenton）催化剂用于催化亚甲基蓝（MB）的氧化降解,考察了该催化剂的催化活性及其稳定性,并探讨了该催化反应的机理。当 H2O2浓度为0.6 M,催化剂用量为1.16 mg/mL,pH为7的条件下, Fe3O4 NPs作为催化剂时,反应2 h,MB（25 mg/L）仅降解了26%,而Fe3O4@PDA NPs作为催化剂,30 min内,MB的降解率提高到了99%。实验结果表明：具有酚醌单元的PDA可促进Fe3+与Fe2+间的循环,使得Fe3O4@PDA NPs较之Fe3O4 NPs具有更强的催化活性。此外,Fe3O4@PDA NPs具有稳定性良好,可实现3次回收再利用,对活性降低的Fe3O4@PDA NPs用NaBH4处理后,仍可以继续用于循环反应。