超临界CO2萃取枸杞籽油数值模拟及工艺优化

利用现有的超临界流体萃取实验装置,以CO2为萃取剂,考察了萃取压力、温度、CO2流量及原料颗粒大小等因素对枸杞籽油萃取率的影响,并由此确定了较佳的萃取工艺条件：萃取压力25-30MPa,操作温度318-323K,枸杞籽颗粒度40-50目,CO2流量0.3-0.4m^3/h,此时枸杞籽油萃取率最高,可达15.5%。并基于萃取器微分单元和固态原料颗粒微分单元质量守恒原理,建立了微分方程,利用直线推动力近似理论拟合总传质推动力及平衡吸收常数,化简方程,对实验结果进行了数值模拟,优化了实验条件。     

超临界CO2流体萃取胡椒油工艺条件的研究

建立了超临界流体萃取胡椒油的实验装置，以CO2为萃取剂，考察了萃取压力、操作温度、胡椒颗粒度及CO2流量等因素对胡椒油萃取率的影响，同时考虑设备投资对萃取过程的影响，由此确定了超临界CO2萃取胡椒油的较佳工艺条件：萃取压力22MPa～26MPa，操作温度313K～323K，胡椒颗粒度30目～40目，CO2流量0．3m^3／h～0．4m^3／h，胡椒油累积萃取率为80％～90％。     

超临界CO2流体技术萃取花生油的工艺优化

采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术提取花生油.通过单因素实验及正交实验研究了萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量和萃取时间等因素对油脂萃取率的影响,确定了超临界CO2流体萃取技术提取花生油的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,在实验范围内各影响因素对花生油萃取率作用的大小顺序依次为:萃取压力>萃取温度>CO2流量>萃取时间.超临界CO2流体萃取技术提取花生油的最佳工艺参数为:萃取压力25MPa,萃取温度45℃,CO2流量18kg/h,萃取时间150min,在该工艺条件下花生油萃取率达到49.87%.     

超临界二氧化碳萃取薏苡仁油的研究

本文应用超临界CO2萃取技术萃取薏苡中的薏苡仁油, 考察了压力、温度、萃取时间、原料颗粒直径及CO2流体流量对萃取的影响.通过实验确定了超临界二氧化碳萃取薏苡仁油的较佳工艺条件为萃取压力33MPa,萃取温度42℃,物料粒度30目,萃取时间3h,CO2流体流量10㎏/h.     

超临界CO2萃取芫荽油树脂工艺研究

通过单因素实验和3因素4水平正交实验考察了超临界二氧化碳萃取中萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量对芫荽油树脂萃取率的影响,结果表明各影响因素的影响顺序为萃取温度＞萃取压力＞CO2流量.在萃取时间为3h时,得出萃取的最佳工艺条件为萃取压力18MPa、萃取温度43℃、CO2流量35L/h,此条件下芫荽油树脂的萃取率达到1.035%.     

超临界CO2流体萃取沙姜油的工艺研究

沙姜油是一种具有多种生理功能的天然有效成分,在食品、医药等上都有广泛的应用.超临界CO2流体萃取是一种利用CO2在超临界状态下具有高渗透力和高溶解能力,并且对产品无溶剂污染、绿色环保、易于操作的萃取技术.本论文以沙姜为原料,研究了超临界CO2流体萃取沙姜油的工艺条件,考察了原料的颗粒度、萃取压力、萃取时间、萃取温度和CO2流量对沙姜油的率的影响.通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了超临界CO2流体萃取最佳工艺条件:萃取压力为22MPa,萃取温度为50℃,萃取时间为3.5h,CO2流量为40kg/h,沙姜油的得率可达为10.12%.     

超临界CO2萃取八角茴香油的初步研究

研究了萃取压力、萃取温度和CO2流量对超临界CO2萃取八角茴香油的影响;并采用均匀设计方法,进行了萃取压力、萃取温度和CO2流量3因素5水平的实验,初步确定了超临界CO2萃取八角茴香油最佳条件为:萃取压力35MPa,萃取温度55℃,CO2的流量为21kg/h,在此条件下萃取2h,萃取得油率在13.48g/100g。     

螺旋藻中β-胡萝卜素的超临界CO2萃取实验研究

采用超临界CO2 萃取技术 ,进行了螺旋藻中β—胡萝卜素的萃取实验研究 ,考察了超临界CO2 萃取条件 (压力 10～ 5 0MPa、温度 2 0～ 5 0℃、CO2 流量 10～ 35kg/h等 )对萃取过程的影响 ,得到了最佳工艺条件 :萃取压力 2 5～ 35MPa ,操作温度 30～ 5 0℃ ,CO2 流量选择为 2 0～ 2 5kg/h。     

超临界CO2萃取红曲色素的研究

对用超临界CO2萃取红曲米中红曲色素进行了初步研究，考察了压力、温度、CO2流量及原料颗粒直径对萃取效果的影响。通过试验得到较佳的操作条件为：红曲米原料颗粒Ф0．3mm，萃取温度50℃，萃取压力20MPa，CO2流量10kg／h，萃取时间4h。     

超临界CO2萃取大豆磷脂的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取技术,研究了从大豆中萃取磷脂的工艺条件.对影响超临界CO2萃取大豆磷脂的主要因素压力、温度、CO2流量等进行了考察,得到最佳的萃取工艺条件为:萃取压力30 MPa,温度55℃,CO2流量35 kg/h,萃取率1.90%.     

Single-layer drying characteristics and colour kinetics of red chilli

Single‐layer drying experiments were conducted under controlled conditions of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and air velocity to find out the effects of drying conditions and blanching on the drying rate and colour of Thai red chilli. Drying rate increased with an increase of drying air temperature and a decrease of RH. Air temperatures above 65 °C affected the colour of red chilli. Red chilli should be dried at an air velocity equal to or just above 0.50 m s^?1. Above this value, the drying rate becomes independent of air velocity. RH and air velocity have no effect on the colour of red chilli. Faster drying rate and higher colour value was found for the blanched sample rather than the unblanched sample. The Newton and the Page equations were fitted to the experimental data. The Newton equation was found to describe the single‐layer drying of red chilli better than the Page equation.     

Antioxidant activities and composition of extracts from chilli

The extract yields obtained by three methods in different solvents from chilli were compared. The antioxidant activities of chilli extracts vs. butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was determined through the peroxide value (POV), the beta‐carotene bleaching assay and the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. The results showed that the extract yields by three extract methods, namely, Soxhlet, ultrasonic wave and saturation, were 16.32%, 15.78% and 11.62%, respectively, when 85% ethanol acted as solvent. The extracting efficiency of solvent from high to low was 95% ethanol > ethyl acetate > anhydrous ethanol > distilled water. The total phenol content of chilli extracts from ultrasonic wave with 85% ethanol as solvent was 73.91 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram extracts and the value of inhibitory capacity IC₅₀ on free radical (DPPH) was 38.99 mg mL^?1. The POV of chilli extracts was close to that of BHT. The ultrasonic wave was more helpful for the extraction of antioxidant substance from chilli than other methods. In addition, the composition of chilli extracts was analysed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrum (GC‐MS).     

香辣味台式烤香肠制作方法及研究

在普通原味的台式烤香肠的基础上,通过口味调整,添加辣椒粉、辣椒精油,使产品具有香辣味,从而对台式烤香肠进行口味延伸。通过单因素和正交试验对配方和生产工艺进行了研究,确定了最佳的工艺配方：搅拌时间25min、大豆分离蛋白添加量3．0％、辣椒精油添加量0．006％。     

辣椒中天然防腐物质的提取方法研究

本文实验研究了辣椒中天防腐物质的阳方法,当提取剂中乙酸：乙醇为１：５,固液比为１：１５,提取温度为４０℃,时间为３６小时辣椒提取物的抑菌效果最佳。     

A new liquid–liquid extraction method for determination of 6 azo-dyes in chilli products by high-performance liquid chromatography

A liquid–liquid extraction method was developed for purifying and enriching the sample of 6 azo-dyes (including Para red, Sudan red G, Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III and Sudan IV) by formic acid and chloroform. The results indicated that formic acid can facilitate the solution of fat-soluble azo-dyes, which was helpful for the separation of the fat-soluble interferences from the samples. The extracting conditions of 6 azo-dyes were also optimised. And the proposed extraction method was evaluated by the determination of 6 azo-dyes in chilli products. The mean recoveries of 6 azo-dyes were from 94.1% to 99.2% for chilli powder and from 94.2% to 98.6% for chilli spice. The CCα and CCβ obtained for 6 azo-dyes were in the range of 1.7–2.1 and 2.8–3.4 μg/kg for chilli spice and chilli powder. The inexpensive and simple method was acceptable for routine monitoring 6 azo-dyes in chilli products.     

超临界CO2萃取辣椒红色素的研究

本文着重研究了以传统溶剂萃取法得到的辣椒油树脂为原料，以无毒、易得、价廉的ＣＯ２为萃取剂，采用超临界萃取的方法提取辣椒红色素。通过对萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、ＣＯ_２流量等条件的试验，获得了最佳的工艺参数。试验结果表明，超临界萃取法具有工艺简单、操作安全、产品质量好、萃取效率高等优点。     

固体辣椒红色素的稳定性研究

将液体辣椒红色素制作成固体,并就其稳定性进行研究。结果表明,相同条件下,固体辣椒红色素的光稳定性,热稳定性和抗氧化性能均优于液体辣椒红色素。     

辣椒及辣椒食品中可溶性多糖抗氧化活性研究

研究辣椒及辣椒食品中的可溶性多糖及其抗氧化活性,用硫酸-苯酚法测定了辣椒及辣椒食品中可溶性多糖含量,并测定了多糖提取物对羟基自由基(.OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)、二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH.)的清除能力。结果表明,干辣椒可溶性多糖含量较高,为2.06g/100g,制成辣椒食品后,可溶性多糖含量有所损失;辣椒及辣椒食品的可溶性多糖提取物对.OH,O2-.和DPPH.均有一定的清除能力,而且各个样品的可溶性多糖含量与自由基清除能力间呈正相关关系。     

吗啡及可待因酶联免疫检测方法的研究

通过对吗啡分子结构进行改造,制备了吗啡半抗原及人工抗原,通过免疫动物得到了吗啡的单克隆抗体,建立了吗啡及可待因间接竞争酶联免疫检测方法。该方法对火锅底料和辣椒酱的检出限分别为4.92 μg/kg、4.85 μg/kg,半抑制浓度(IC50)为0.7 μg/L,标准曲线线性范围为0.3～24.3 μg/L。抗体与吗啡、可待因的交叉反应率分别为100%、150%。火锅底料、辣椒酱样品中平均添加回收率为80%～120%,变异系数＜15%。     

高压脉冲电场提取麸皮多糖影响因素的研究

采用高压脉冲电场提取方法,从麸皮中提取多糖。用间苯三酚分光光度法测定麸皮多糖含量。初步探讨了影响麸皮多糖得率的主要因素（脉冲数、电场强度、料水比）和高压脉冲电场的作用机理。采用正交设计试验,优化高压脉冲电场提取麸皮多糖的试验条件：脉冲数为10,电场强度为25kV／cm,科水比为1：10,麸皮多糖得率为4．77％。