Liquid Bandage Harvests Robust Adhesive,Hemostatic, and Antibacterial Performances as a First‐Aid Tissue Adhesive

Massive bleeding and wound infection after tissue trauma are the major dangerous factors of casualties in disasters; hence, first‐aid supplies that can greatly achieve wound closure and effectively control the hemorrhage and infection are urgently needed. Although existing tissue adhesives can adhere to the tissue surfaces and achieve rapid wound closure, most of them have limited hemostatic and antibacterial capacities, making them unsuitable as the first‐aid tissue adhesives. In this study, inspired by the inherent hemostatic and antibacterial capacities of chitosan and the excellent tissue integration capacity originating from a Schiff base reaction, liquid bandage (LBA), an in situ imine crosslinking‐based photoresponsive chitosan hydrogel (NB‐CMC/CMC hydrogel), is developed for emergency wound management. Upon UV irradiation, o‐nitrobenzene in modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) converts to o‐nitrosobenzaldehyde that subsequently crosslinks with amino groups on tissue surface, which endows the LBA with superior tissue adhesive performance. LBA's hemostatic and antibacterial properties can be tuned by the mass ratio of NB‐CMC/CMC. Moreover, it exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the capability to enhance wound healing process. This study sheds new light on the development of a multifunctional hydrogel‐based first‐aid tissue adhesive that can achieve robust tissue adhesion, effectively control bleeding, prevent bacterial infection, and promote wound healing.     

钛酸钡膜的制备、结构及结合强度

采用微弧氧化在钛合金表面制备BaTiO3膜。讨论电解液组分、反应时间及电压对BaTiO3膜形态和相组成的影响,并评价BaTiO3膜的结合强度。结果表明,BaTiO3的生成量随电解液浓度和氧化时间的增大而增加;其表面形貌也受电解液浓度、电压和氧化时间的影响;电压降低,膜层的结合强度有增大的趋势。电压为80 V时,结合强度可达36.4 MPa,优于一般等离子喷涂技术获得的膜层结合强度。     

An EM Approach to MAP Solution of Segmenting Tissue Mixtures: A Numerical Analysis

This work presents an iterative expectation-maximization (EM) approach to the maximum a posteriori (MAP) solution of segmenting tissue mixtures inside each image voxel. Each tissue type is assumed to follow a normal distribution across the field-of-view (FOV). Furthermore, all tissue types are assumed to be independent from each other. Under these assumptions, the summation of all tissue mixtures inside each voxel leads to the image density mean value at that voxel. The summation of all the tissue mixtures' unobservable random processes leads to the observed image density at that voxel, and the observed image density value also follows a normal distribution (image data are observed to follow a normal distribution in many applications). By modeling the underlying tissue distributions as a Markov random field across the FOV, the conditional expectation of the posteriori distribution of the tissue mixtures inside each voxel is determined, given the observed image data and the current-iteration estimation of the tissue mixtures. Estimation of the tissue mixtures at next iteration is computed by maximizing the conditional expectation. The iterative EM approach to a MAP solution is achieved by a finite number of iterations and reasonable initial estimate. This MAP-EM framework provides a theoretical solution to the partial volume effect, which has been a major cause of quantitative imprecision in medical image processing. Numerical analysis demonstrated its potential to estimate tissue mixtures accurately and efficiently.      

全自动金丝球焊机的改造及应用

随着IC封装材料和技术的进步,产品引脚、焊线、焊盘尺寸正逐渐变小,芯片上焊盘间距不断减小,早期的全自动金丝球焊机已不能满足现有产品的工艺和质量要求,特提出将其改造为点胶机的设想。简要介绍了全自动金丝球焊机改造成时间/压力型全自动点胶机的系统组成和工作原理,以及其在IC封装芯片表面点胶特殊工艺中的应用,并对优缺点、影响点胶质量的因素等进行了分析,提出了改进提高的措施。     

Features of the Kinetics of Bulk and Heterogeneous Processes in CHF3 + Ar and C4F8 + Ar Plasma Mixtures

Russian Microelectronics - We carry out a comparative study of the kinetics of plasma-chemical processes and plasma composition in CHF3 + Ar and C4F8 + Ar mixtures under the conditions of a...     

生物组织的光声成像技术及其在生物医学中的应用

简要介绍了光声成像技术的基本原理,采集系统和成像算法.重点阐述了光声成像技术在肿瘤的早期检测和疗效监测,脑成像和脑功能监测以及临床血管监测等生物医学领域的应用.对光声成像技术应用前景进行了展望.     

高能重复频率运转条件下等离子体普克尔盒热效应及其控制理论分析

在高能重复频率运转的激光系统中,用作激光隔离、多程放大控制的关键单元普克尔盒遇到了通光口径限制与热效应的双重挑战。采用等离子体电极技术将普克尔盒定标到大口径,通过选择吸收系数小且通光方向薄的KD*P作为电光晶体以减少对激光的吸收,并在此基础上数值分析了等离子体普克尔盒的热效应。提出了端面传导冷却电光晶体的热管理方法,并进行优化设计。数值模拟结果显示,采用单块白宝石传导冷却2块KD*P,普克尔盒的驱动电压可降低至27 kV。在平均功率密度35 W/cm2的激光持续辐照下,端面传导冷却的40 mm×40 mm口径等离子体普克尔盒全口径内最大退偏损耗为0.22%,波前峰谷(PV)值为0.60λ。     

Immunomodulation‐Based Strategy for Improving Soft Tissue and Metal Implant Integration and Its Implications in the Development of Metal Soft Tissue Materials

The difficulties associated with metal implants and soft tissue integration have significantly affected the applications of metal implants in soft‐tissue‐related areas. Prompted by the close association between soft tissue integration and the immune response, an immunomodulation‐based strategy is proposed to manipulate the immune microenvironment and improve metal implant–soft tissue integration. Considering their vital roles in soft tissue responses to metal implants, macrophages are used and the cytokines fingerprints of M1 and M2 macrophage immune microenvironments are evaluated for their potential modulatory effects on metal implant–soft tissue integration. The modulatory effects of different immune microenvironments on model soft tissue cells (human gingival epithelium cells) cultured on model metal implants (titanium alloy disks) are then described, with the underlying possible mechanism FAK‐AKT‐mTOR signaling unveiled. As further proof of concept, IL‐4/PDA (polydopamine)‐coated titanium alloy implants, aiming at modulating M2 macrophage polarization, are prepared and found to improve the in vivo metal implant‐soft tissue integration. It is the authors' ambition that this immunomodulation‐based strategy will change the negative perception and encourage the active development of metal materials with favorable soft tissue integration properties, thus improving the success rates of perforating metal implants and broadening their application in soft‐tissue‐related areas.     

胶粘剂在扬声器中的应用

介绍了应用在扬声器中的不同部位胶粘剂特性以及在扬声器中的特殊应用,提出胶粘剂对改善扬声器音质的重要作用,分析了不同特性的胶粘剂在扬声器不同部位的应用对音质产生的不同影响.通过常规的频响曲线对比、音质对比评价,总结出不同特性的胶粘剂在满足可靠性前提下,可利用其特性来改善扬声器的音质.     

Evolution of Bioengineered Lung Models: Recent Advances and Challenges in Tissue Mimicry for Studying the Role of Mechanical Forces in Cell Biology

Mechanical stretch under both physiological (breathing) and pathophysiological (ventilator‐induced) conditions is known to significantly impact all cellular compartments in the lung, thereby playing a pivotal role in lung growth, regeneration and disease development. In order to evaluate the impact of mechanical forces on the cellular level, in vitro models using lung cells on stretchable membranes have been developed. Only recently have some of these cell‐stretching devices become suitable for air–liquid interface cell cultures, which is required to adequately model physiological conditions for the alveolar epithelium. To reach this goal, a multi‐functional membrane for cell growth balancing biophysical and mechanical properties is critical to mimic (patho)physiological conditions. In this review, i) the relevance of cyclic mechanical forces in lung biology is elucidated, ii) the physiological range for the key parameters of tissue stretch in the lung is described, and iii) the currently available in vitro cell‐stretching devices are discussed. After assessing various polymers, it is concluded that natural‐synthetic copolymers are promising candidates for suitable stretchable membranes used in cell‐stretching models. This work provides guidance on future developments in biomimetic in vitro models of the lung with the potential to function as a template for other organ models (e.g., skin, vessels).     

Parameters of Plasma and Kinetics of Active Particles in CF4 (CHF3) + Ar Mixtures of a Variable Initial Composition

Russian Microelectronics - The electrophysical parameters of plasma and the kinetics of active particles in CF4 + Ar and CHF3 + Ar mixtures under induction RF (13.56 MHz) discharge are compared. It...     

Absorption of Pulsed Terahertz and Optical Radiation in Earthworm Tissue and Its Heating Effect

Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves - The transmission of THz, near-infrared (1030 nm), and green (515 nm) pulses through Eisenia andrei body wall is studied,...     

网格特征的进一步讨论

网格的本质特征主要是低成查高效能、安全性更可靠、异构整合调度；一般物理特征具有充分共享性、虚拟抽象性、有机集成性和合理协商性等。网格还具有分布复杂，规模巨大；资源汇集，充分共享；动态增减，异构多样；同构类似，管理多重等普通特征。网格的多方参与性特征体现在源于各方，差异性强；数据海量、．功能不同；多方建设、协同维护；用户众多、需求各异。分析、研究这些特征对网格技术研究、应用以及网格建设有重要意义。     

油砂沥青含油污水微波作用效果实验研究

本文主要实验研究加拿大油砂沥青含油污水微波破乳除油效果。在其他外界条件相同的情况下,采用单因素变量法研究了微波功率、作用温度和不同的工艺组合等对微波破乳除油特性的影响,探索微波结合其他处理工艺对污水的除油效果。实验研究表明,功率越大,除油率越高。微波作用温度则存在最佳温度范围。微波结合离心和过滤将有效增加除油速率,除油率达70%左右,污水中添加絮凝剂再经微波作用后的除油率超过了90%,处理后的污水含油量可达到污水排放标准。     

组织的特征长度微距空间分辨漫反射

从辐射传输理论的相似天系出发,根据P1近似和P3近似满足的一阶和三阶相似关系,引入了特征长度的参量。利用半无限介质的空间分辨漫反射的P3的近似解,对光源附近组织的空间分辨漫反射与特征长度之间的关系进行了研究。研究表明．当需要在光源附近对组织进行测量时,最近的距离与描述该组织的特征长度有天,根据组织的特征长度可以确定探测器的大致宽度,并结合实际光纤直径估计测量光纤的数目。     

高性能非银导电胶粘剂研究及应用

介绍了ＧＳＤ－Ｔ型铜粉导电胶粘剂各组分的选择，特殊铜粉的制备、配方和使用工艺条件，还列举了各种性能的测试数据。该导电胶粘剂在电子产品和厢式通信车上得到了初步应用。能满足使用要求。为电子产品的导电连接的通信车的电磁屏蔽提供了一种新的材料。     

Linear Dendritic Block Copolymers as Promising Biomaterials for the Manufacturing of Soft Tissue Adhesive Patches Using Visible Light Initiated Thiol–Ene Coupling Chemistry

A library of dendritic–linear–dendritic (DLD) materials comprising linear poly(ethylene glycol) and hyperbranched dendritic blocks based on 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid is successfully synthesized and postfunctionalized with peripheral allyl groups. Reactive DLDs with pseudo‐generations of 3 to 6 (G3‐G6) are isolated in large scale allowing their thorough evaluation as important components for the development of biomedical adhesives. Due to their branched nature and inherent degradable ester‐bonds, promising biomaterial resins are accomplished with suitable viscosity, eliminating the excessive use of co‐solvents. By utilizing benign high‐energy visible light initiated thiol–ene coupling chemistry, DLDs together with tris[2‐(3‐mercaptopropionyloxy)ethyl] isocyanurate and surgical mesh enable the fabrication of soft tissue adhesive patches (STAPs) within a total irradiation time of 30 s. The STAPs display the ability to create good adhesion to wet soft tissue and encouraging results in cytotoxicity tests. All crosslinked materials are also found to degrade after being stored in human blood plasma and phosphate buffered saline. The proposed benign methodology coupled with the promising features of the crosslinked materials is herein envisioned as a soft tissue adhesive with properties that do not exist in currently available tissue adhesives.