基于改进surendra背景更新算法的运动目标检测算法

提出了一种改进的surendra运动目标检测算法,该算法可以自适应的调整背景更新速度。首先将第一帧图像作为背景图像,并利用改进的surendra背景更新算法根据每帧图像对背景图像进行更新获得可靠的背景。然后,将当前帧与背号作差,得到差值图像。使用自适应阈值对差值图像进行二值化处理,并利用形态学滤波对二值图像进行适当处理,这样运动目标就被准确地提取出来。     

桥梁防撞系统中的红外船舶目标检测算法

红外热成像技术在内河航运安全保障体系当中有很广阔的应用前景.该论文提出了一种能够应用于内河环境,背景固定情况下的红外船舶目标检测算法.该算法综合利用了帧间差分法对目标运动敏感和背景差分法对目标轮廓提取完整的优点,并引入了自适应背景模型.通过实验表明,该算法对目标检测准确,目标信息完整,并具有良好的实时性和鲁棒性.     

基于改进的单高斯背景模型运动目标检测算法

针对传统单高斯背景模型(SGM)存在的背景模型不能很好地自适应背景变化、目标检测不完整的问题,提出了一种改进的单高斯背景模型运动目标检测算法,该方法结合单高斯背景模型和mean shift原理对运动目标进行检测。取前N帧视频样本的均值作为初始背景模型,对当前帧图像进行运动目标的初检测,根据单高斯背景模型更新原理用当前帧图像对检测为背景的点进行背景模型更新,对更新后的背景模型中不属于背景点的像素点进行mean shift修正,将进行mean shift修正后得到的背景模型作为最终的背景模型,再通过背景差分法最终检测出运动目标。实验表明,改进的算法能很好地克服背景模型不能自适应背景变化的缺点,目标检测完整度比传统的单高斯模型高。     

视频监控的目标检测研究

为了实时准确的提取出运动目标,提出了一种基于帧问差分的背景重建算法及基于运动前景的背景更新算法。该算法先对摄像头采集的视频序列进行帧间差分背景重建,通过自适应阈值的背景减法得到运动前景,并分辨出运动目标和伪运动目标,然后进行区域性背景更新。当背景发生整体或局部变化时,该算法能够快速地检测出背景变化,并采用相应算法实时更新背景。实验结果表明,该算法能快速、准确地重建出背景,从而能够完整地提取场景中的运动目标。     

基于五帧差分和模板匹配的运动目标检测识别

针对帧差法和背景差分法检测运动目标准确率低,自适应能力弱等缺陷,提出了一种改进五帧差分法与背景差分法和模板匹配相结合的运动目标检测和识别算法;通过改进的五帧差分和背景差分法融合的算法从视频图像序列中检测出运动目标;利用形态学方法去除噪声,改善运动目标提取效果;在Harris算法提取图像匹配特征值的基础上角点配准,提高图像识别的准确率,通过提取目标特征与自适应模板图像进行特征匹配的方法实现了目标检测识别和跟踪。仿真结果和实验表明该方法有噪声和部分遮挡的运动目标有良好的检测识别效果,识别率达到了95%。     

改进ViBe的运动目标检测算法

针对Vi Be算法存在鬼影、噪点的问题以及不能快速适应复杂背景进而出现误检率高的问题,提出一种改进的ViBe算法。首先算法在背景建模时将8邻域的像素点扩大到了24邻域;其次采用自适应的阈值对复杂背景进行检测;最后为了提高检测目标的准确性,改进的ViBe算法和改进的帧差法通过逻辑与或运算进行结合,并且进行形态学滤波处理对运动目标进行完整的提取。实验结果表明,改进的算法可以在更短的时间内消除鬼影,并且静态背景下检测运动目标的F-measure提升了14.2%,在树枝晃动和相机抖动的复杂背景下,能够得到较为完整和准确的运动目标,并且F-measure平均提升了2.6%。     

基于改进的帧差法和Mean-shift结合的运动目标自动检测与跟踪

为了实现在静态背景下对运动目标的自动检测跟踪,提出基于改进的帧差法和Mean-shift结合的运动目标自动检测与跟踪算法。该算法改进了传统的三帧差分法,引入单高斯背景模型参与目标检测。此外,传统的Mean-shift算法,在起始帧需要手动选定目标,且选定窗口大小固定不变,不能根据目标尺寸变化而变化,从而导致失去目标。这里提出的方法先利用改进的帧差法检测目标,确定目标的位置窗口和中心,然后结合Mean-shift算法,根据是否超出设定的阈值来确定是否需要更新模板,从而实现该算法对运动目标的自动跟踪。实验表明,该算法计算速度快,具有较高的准确率。     

基于帧差法和自适应阈值区域生长的红外运动目标检测

针对具有背景干扰、信噪比低的红外图像,提出了一种基于帧差法和自适应区域生长的红外运动目标检测方法.首先对红外图像进行了高帽变换,以抑制大面积背景的干扰,相邻帧图像间做帧差,初步提取目标区域;其次分析了红外目标的特性,针对其特性提出了一种基于灰度等级的自适应阈值分割方法;最后以帧差法检测的目标质心为种子点,以自适应阈值为分割准则,在预处理后的图像中进行区域生长,最终实现了红外运动目标的检测.结果表明,所提算法可抑制大面积背景的干扰,实现单个和多个红外运动目标的完整提取和检测.     

基于混合高斯模型的运动目标检测

针对现有方法在复杂的环境下不能很好地检测出运动物体的问题,提出了一种改进的基于混合高斯模型的背景消减法检测运动目标。改进了背景模型的更新算法,提高了背景更新速度。利用帧间差分法消除了运动影子和光照突变问题,并采用（r,g,l）颜色空间检测和抑制了运动阴影。实验结果表明,该算法能很好地提取出运动目标。     

基于视频图像的目标检测技术研究

本文基于常用运动目标检测方法进行了研究。首先阐述了视频监控系统中常用运动目标检测方法,并对Surendra背景提取算法及改进的帧间差分法进行了说明。运用对称差分法和背景差分法的融合方法进行运动目标检测,实验表明本文运用的方法对运动目标检测具有准确性与实时性。最后得出运用背景差分和帧间差分法的融合检测方法进行运动目标检测,可以得到好的目标检测效果的结论。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks