基于层次分析的评价权值计算模型研究与应用

评价指标是综合评价软件的基础,权值反映了指标在整体中价值的高低和相对重要程度,是多指标综合评价的关键。提出了一种基于模糊综合评判的评价系统模型,建立了基于层次分析的软件结构和工作流程。针对模型中的关键技术,分析设计了指标体系构建、判断矩阵构造、求特征根与单权值、求组合权值等模块的算法逻辑。最后,开发实现了车辆运营效益评价指标建设和权值计算系统,系统对该企业有关车辆的十项指标数据进行了运算处理,得到了指标单权值和组合权值。运用这些权值得到的评价结果与车辆的实际效益数据相符合,证明层次分析法能够用于指标权值的计算系统中,且效果较好。     

模糊综合评价法在煤矿“六大系统”中的应用

应用模糊数学理论,建立了模糊综合评价方法;从煤矿"六大系统"验收标准的角度出发,运用模糊综合评价法构建了煤矿"六大系统"评价指标体系,并将该评价指标体系分成若干个一级指标、二级指标以及否决项,利用层次分析法确定评价因素的权重,实现了煤矿"六大系统"质量等级的综合评判。实际应用结果验证了该方法的可行性。     

模糊综合评价中权值确定和合成算子选择

权值确定和合成算子选择是模糊综合评价中的两个关键技术难题。权值确定和合成算子选择是否恰当直接影响模糊综合评价效果。文章较系统地评述了模糊综合评价中权值确定和合成算子选择的研究现状和发展趋势,为不同领域人员研究和应用模糊综合评价提供了资料和借鉴意见。     

基于模糊层次分析法的煤矿安全生产预警系统

针对煤矿安全生产预警评价指标多,且各指标受很多因素影响的问题,构建了基于模糊层次分析法的煤矿安全生产预警系统。该系统将层次分析法与模糊综合评判相结合,利用层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重,通过模糊评判矩阵进行模糊综合评判,最后将评价指标权重与模糊综合评判结果进行合成运算,从而确定煤矿安全等级和预警结果。实际应用结果验证了该系统的可行性和有效性。     

利用VBA在Excel中实现教师教学质量的模糊综合评价

该文以研究生教育教学质量评估为例,讨论了教师教学质量评价指标,采用层次分析法确定了各项指标的权值,给出了一个关于教师教学质量评价的模糊综合评价模型,利用VBA编程在Excel中实现模糊综合评价的计算。     

针对模糊效应的卫星图像质量评价模型研究*

为了实现景象匹配制导应用中对图像数据源质量的客观评价,针对卫星图像的模糊效应,研究了影响图像质量的清晰度评价指标,通过分析比较其对图像匹配过程的影响,挑选出有效指标作为评价因子;通过对大量实验数据特性的统计,结合线性回归分析,提出了基于假设检验的权值拟合算法,完成了各指标贡献率（即权值）的求解;进而建立了面向匹配制导应用的图像质量评价模型。实验表明,该模型具有良好的单调性和稳健性,在匹配制导中能对图像质量进行有效评定,对把握卫星基准图像源质量具有重要现实意义。     

基于模糊神经网络的高校教师绩效评价方法

基于神经网络来构造模糊系统,综合模糊逻辑推理的结构性知识表达能力和神经网络的自学习能力,建立了高校教师绩效评价的模糊神经网络模型.通过建立评价指标建立等级模糊级,利用神经网络的学习能力,通过网络的训练样本,确定评价中的参数.克服了由专家确定参数的主观性,达到对教师绩效评价的客观性,科学性.     

基于模糊理论的开关柜状态评价研究

本文建立了开关柜分级状态评价模型,以开关柜设备为研究对象,按开关柜状态信息种类分类划分,状态评价指标权重计算采用层次分析法结合最优传递矩阵,将主观性和客观性相结合,使权重分配更合理,指标数据预处理采用模糊数学理论,设计了多维隶属度函数,提出了基于模糊综合评价算法的状态评价模型,并通过实例进行运算,验证了算法的准确性,为设备状态检修开展提供更多依据。     

模糊综合评价中权重生成系统的设计与实现

各分项评价值的权重是模糊综合评价中非常重要的一个要素,但权重的给出通常是一个复杂的过程,本文以模糊数学理论为指导,在网络环境中给出了模糊综合评价系统中权重生成系统的算法及实现方法;并且在文中讨论了相应的算法的可行性,同时使用数据库对产生的权重值进行了存储,可作为今后设定权重的重要参考,文本解决了系统相关实现的技术问题,最后以某网络课程综合评价为例,使用投票系统计算其评价体系中的各项指标的权重值。     

可变粒度的业务质量评价模型及其算法研究

针对现有的服务质量评价多面向特定业务和特定领域的特点,提出可变粒度的通用网络业务质量管理和评价模型,可以实现从用户、业务到网络系统的多级业务质量评价.同时,由业务管理、策略管理和网络管理共同所组成的服务质量保障模块,能根据SLA协商为用户提供有QoS保障的服务.给出了业务质量的主客观评价指标形式化定义和一般的评价流程,在此基础上采用组合证据和模糊评价理论,给出了不同粒度下的业务质量模糊评价算法.该算法将用户的主观性评价和客观性评价结合起来,从而在一定程度上降低了评价中的主观随意性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.