The effect of the reagent suite on froth stability in laboratory scale batch flotation tests

In batch flotation tests conducted on ores from the Merensky reef, changes in froth stability invariably occur with variations in the reagent suite. The main reagents are collectors (primary and secondary), activators, depressants and frothers. Since the particles entering and leaving the froth in a batch flotation system are continuously changing, the stability of the froth can vary. Under these conditions the simplest measure of froth stability is the measure of water recovery at a fixed froth height. The batch flotation system developed at UCT allows for the separation of gangue which is entrained relative to gangue which is floated. It has been found that the presence of naturally floatable gangue (NFG) leads to froth stabilisation, whereas the presence of hydrophobic sulfide minerals may lead to destabilisation of the froth depending on the hydrophobicity (contact angle) of the sulfide minerals. This can vary with ore type since particle shape and amount of particles present can influence the extent of destabilisation. At low depressant dosages sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) always results in lower froth stability than sodium ethyl xanthate (SEX). The frothing nature of dithiophosphate leads to increased froth stability and the addition of copper sulfate results in destabilised froths. Increasing depressant dosage reduces the stabilising influence of NFG and the depressant type (guar gum or CMC) also affects froth stability. Frother can be used in an attempt to overcome the destabilising effects of high depressant dosage. This work examines the effect of variations in the reagent suite and uses water recovered at a fixed froth height as an indication of froth stability in order to analyse these effects on the recovery of sulfide minerals, floatable gangue and entrained gangue.     

Technique to automate measurement of water overflow rate in frother characterization testing

A novel method for measuring water overflow rate from a laboratory column in the air-water system is presented. The method is based on accumulating overflow in a tube and measuring the rate of increase in pressure. The development is a further step towards automating frother testing.     

2022年浮选药剂的进展

本文收集了2022年国内核心期刊发表部分浮选药剂的信息,分硫化矿捕收剂、氧化矿捕收剂、调整剂、起泡剂和助磨剂、浮选药剂的结构与性能和废水处理六个方面介绍并略加评论。     

MOH捕收剂浮选攀枝花微细粒级钛铁矿试验研究

以攀枝花微细粒级钛铁矿为原料, MOH A和MOH B作捕收剂, 水玻璃、CMC和硫酸作调整剂, 通过捕收剂和调整剂用量等多因素条件试验, 探讨了MOH A和MOH B浮选攀枝花微细粒级钛铁矿适宜的工艺条件。开路对比试验表明: A、B两种MOH药剂性能均优于MOS, 捕收剂MOH A可进一步开展工业试验。     

锂云母浮选捕收剂研究现状及展望

随着我国锂云母资源被大量开发,贫细杂问题愈发突出,高效回收锂云母已成为选矿领域的研究热点。本文综述了锂云母浮选存在的问题和捕收剂研究现状,提出了应加大对捕收剂作用机理研究和新型捕收剂研发工作。     

A new collector for rare earth mineral flotation

A new collector for bastnaesite flotation - modified hydroxamic acid (MOHA) has been developed through several years laboratory research. The experimental results of flotation of pure bastnaesite mineral and rare earth ores, and the application experience in flotation plants showed that MOHA is an efficient collector for bastnaesite flotation. MOHA has stronger collector ability and higher selectivity compared to the other commonly used collectors. Through the measurements of zeta-potential, adsorption and infrared adsorption spectrum and in terms of the electronegativity theory of reagent groups, the flotation mechanism has been discussed. It was concluded that the adsorption of MOHA on bastnaesite surfaces is chemical adsorption in nature through three oxygen atoms in the polar group of MOHA chelating the surface Ce(III) of bastnaesite to form a pentagon-cycle chelate: O---C=N---O---Ce(III)---). Additionally, the chemisorption is accompanied with the multilayer and non-homogeneous physical adsorption of the MOHA molecules. The MOHA adsorption equation at the surfaces of bastnaesite can be expressed as: Γ = 6.76×10⁻²C^1/1.02, while the adsorption rate constant k is: k = 2.64×10⁵min⁻¹mol⁻¹m².     

硫化矿浮选中相似结构的起泡剂的浮选特性研究

在浮选工艺条件及其它药剂条件相同的情况下,从铅锌矿物的硫化矿浮选回收的变化角度出发,考察两种相似化学结构的起泡剂聚丙二醇单甲基醚（DPM）和聚丙二醇单丁基醚（DPB）的浮选特性。通过分析在铅锌硫化矿的浮选试验结果中所表现的浮选速率的差异以及粗精矿各粒级的分布差异和有价金属量的分布差异,研究了起泡剂DPM和DPB浮选特性的差异。研究结果表明：起泡剂DPB的浮选效率优于DPM。起泡剂DPB对回收较细粒级的铅矿物更有利,而起泡剂DPM对回收较粗粒级的锌矿物更有利。起泡剂DPB比DPM更有利于提高铅锌精矿的品位。     

2024年浮选药剂的进展

收集了2024年国内核心期刊发表部分浮选药剂的信息,分硫化矿捕收剂、氧化矿捕收剂、调整剂、助磨剂与助虑剂、浮选药剂的结构与性能和废水处理六个方面介绍并略加评论。     

A relationship between the bubble-particle attachment time and the mineralogy of a copper-sulphide ore

Flotation performance depends on bubble-particle attachment which is controlled by the particle surface properties which include the particle composition and the surface liberation of valuable minerals. This paper discusses the contribution of liberation of valuable minerals to bubble-particle attachment time measurements, under constant chemical conditions. The bubble-particle attachment time measurements were performed using a sized fraction from concentrates obtained at different times and tails by flotation of a copper-gold sulphide ore (Northparkes Mine, Australia) in a mechanically agitated batch flotation cell. All products and tails were analyzed using quantitative mineral liberation analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between the time of the concentrate collected, the Cu grade of the sample and the bubble-particle attachment time, and that the measurements were most sensitive to the amount of unliberated material. The fast floating material was higher grade, with a lower attachment time indicating that the measured bubble-particle attachment time could be used to characterize flotation performance of an ore.     

浮选柱选用适宜起泡剂的试验研究

气含率在旋流-静态微泡浮选柱分选过程中起到很重要的作用,而起泡剂是影响气含率的关键因素。通过对730系列起泡剂在浮选柱应用中的气含率研究以及结合云南大红山铜矿的选矿实践,比较5种起泡剂的性能指标,综合精矿品位和回收率得出730C更适配于旋流-静态微泡浮选柱。     

某细粒嵌布铜锌锡多金属矿全浮选试验研究

针对某细粒嵌布锡铜锌多金属矿进行了浮选试验研究。原矿中可回收矿物锡石的嵌布粒度在0.037 mm以下,属于微细粒嵌布,原矿中黄铜矿、闪锌矿的嵌布状态为中细粒嵌布。微细粒嵌布的锡石重选效果较差,研究摒弃了常规的锡石硫化矿石的浮—重联合工艺,在合理的药剂制度下确定了磁选除铁—硫化矿浮选除硫—锡石浮选的全浮选流程,获得了良好的选矿指标。     

2009年浮选药剂进展

收集了2009年国内外部分浮选药剂讯息,分硫化矿捕收剂、氧化矿捕收剂、起泡剂和抑制剂四方面介绍,并加以评论。     

新型捕收剂的合成及其对攀西钛铁矿的浮选性能

以脂肪酸、醇胺有机物以及有机酸酐等为原料, 经酰胺化、酯化和磺化合成了一类共3种新型捕收剂。通过单矿物和人工混合矿浮选试验研究了其浮选性能。结果表明, 当3种捕收剂用量大于60 mg/L时, 在较广泛的pH范围内对钛铁矿的回收率均超过80%, 对钛辉石的回收率只有20%左右; 对于品位为20.54%的人工混合矿, 在不添加任何抑制剂的条件下一次粗选精矿品位为40%。通过红外光谱分析和动电位测试手段研究了新型捕收剂在钛铁矿和钛辉石表面的作用机理。捕收剂在钛铁矿表面既有物理吸附也有化学吸附, 以化学吸附为主; 而捕收剂在钛辉石表面的吸附较弱, 从而可以实现钛铁矿和钛辉石的有效分离。     

新型捕收剂KMC-1浮选分离某铜钼矿试验研究

为了查明新型捕收剂KMC-1对某铜钼矿铜钼分离的影响,通过浮选试验、筛分-水析的方法,对比了丁基黄药、AP、Y89（C6H13OSSNa）、异戊基黄药、丁铵黑药、KMC-1等捕收剂对浮选指标的影响。研究结果表明：新型捕收剂KMC-1优于其他5种捕收剂,采用“铜钼混合浮选—铜钼分离”工艺流程,可以获得产率0.021%、钼品位47.79%、钼回收率89.14%的钼精矿和产率1.85%、铜品位29.87%、铜回收率91.23%的铜精矿,钼精矿含铜0.51%、铜精矿含钼0.021%,铜钼互含较低,铜钼分离效果良好。捕收剂KMC-1可实现粗粒级条件下铜矿物及钼矿物的高效捕收,在较宽的粒级范围内,铜精矿铜品位及钼精矿钼品位较高。     

锂云母浮选捕收剂和抑制剂研究进展

近年来锂资源需求不断加大,锂云母作为锂资源的关键补充来源,对其浮选研究日趋重要。矿石中锂云母常与方解石、白云母、长石和石英等矿物共生,分选难度较大。因此,在分析锂云母矿物性质的基础上,综述了其浮选捕收剂和抑制剂研究进展。目前锂云母捕收剂主要有胺类阳离子捕收剂（伯胺、仲胺、季铵盐、醚胺和双子星胺类）以及将胺类阳离子捕收剂和阴离子捕收剂按照一定比例混合的组合捕收剂;锂云母浮选抑制剂主要针对常见钙质、硅质脉石体系开展调控,主要有水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠等无机抑制剂,草酸、单宁和木质素类等有机抑制剂以及组合抑制剂。指出合成新型锂云母捕收剂、组合捕收剂在锂云母/水界面吸附基础研究、组合无机与有机抑制剂抑制钙质、硅质脉石及其作用机制三大方面是未来锂云母浮选领域的研究重点。     

混合捕收剂浮选难选钛铁尾矿

研究了油酸钠、硬脂酸钠和现场混合药剂FH三种捕收剂单独及混合作用于钛铁矿纯矿物、人工混合矿的浮选行为。探究了混合捕收剂对六安钛铁尾矿浮选行为的影响。结果表明 油酸钠与硬脂酸钠混合以及油酸钠与FH混合后浮选效果增强, 产生正协同作用, 药剂的最佳混合比例分别为7∶3和5∶5。当钛铁矿矿浆浓度为40%, FH油酸钠混合药剂用量为750 g/t, 硫酸用量为1 250 g/t 时, 钛铁矿回收率和品位分别为67.14%和32.60%, 相比单独使用两种捕收剂, 回收率分别提高了16.89%和8.97%, 品位分别提高了11.95%和6.02%。     

羟肟捕收剂对稀土矿物的浮选性能

研究了Ｈ３１６和Ｈ２０５两种羟肟酸类捕收剂在稀土矿物浮选的工业试验及工业生产中的浮选性能。研究结果表明，Ｈ３１６与Ｈ２０５均是稀土矿物的有效捕收剂，Ｈ３１６与Ｈ２０５相比，稀土精矿产量和回收率均有较大幅度提高，且水玻璃用量显著地减少，稀土精矿药剂费用降低了６．６６％。     

组合捕收剂协同增效机制及其在浮选中的应用进展

组合捕收剂的协同增效对改善单一捕收剂性能缺陷有着重要作用,通过广大研究者针对组合捕收剂的最新研究,详细阐述了组合捕收剂协同增效的具体机制和原理,主要分为共吸附机理、电荷补偿机理、疏水强化机理和捕收剂性质互补机理。针对组合捕收剂在浮选中的不同应用,分类描述了不同种类组合捕收剂在浮选中的最新使用情况。针对组合捕收剂协同增效现有研究的不足,提出建立理论计算与分析表征相结合的捕收剂间协同增效机制研究平台,发展新的分析表征技术,加强捕收剂间促溶、促分散等方面的基础研究,建立对应的构效关系,并使用大数据、机器学习和人工智能,这将对高效组合捕收剂的研究有着重要意义。     

Removal of titanium impurities from feldspar ores by new flotation collectors

The principal impurities in some feldspar ores are titanium and iron, which impart color and in turn degrade the quality of the ore. Mineralogical investigations on the majority of Turkish feldspar ores indicate that rutile and, scarcely, sphene are the major titanium minerals and iron mainly originates from mica minerals. Conventionally, fatty acids, and particularly sodium oleate, are extensively used to float discoloring minerals from feldspar ores with reasonable success. In this study, new collectors, oleoyl sarcosine and hydroxamate, reported for the first time in the literature, have been used to float titanium impurities. It is found that compared to fatty acids these reagents achieve superior results. The mechanism of the action is elaborated on the basis of experimental data.