炼油调度排产优化管理

分析了广州石化多年采用的Aspen公司ORION系统进行生产调度排产中存在的不足,如未实现周计划从编制、执行到结果反馈的全过程痕迹管理,成品油调和排产仍为手工编制等。集成MES、LIMS、计划报表等系统信息建立生产调度与优化管理系统,完成从原油卸船、输送、中间贮存、加工的计划排产和计划跟踪情况管理,实现周计划制定、发布、执行、反馈闭环管理,优化原油调和、成品油调和,深化生产调度管理层的应用,进一步提升广州石化炼油生产管理水平,创造更高的经济效益。     

编制露天矿短期计划的交互式彩色字符图模拟开采方法

提出了一种新颖的屏幕彩色字符图形人机交互式模拟开采方法开发了相应的计算机软件。该软件适应露天矿生产计划编制的实际需要，且程序中设有不同计划周期的转换开关，故可用于年、季、月及周计划的编制。该软件已在某大型露天煤矿得到了初步应用。     

轮胎生产作业计划的编制与实施

介绍轮胎生产作业计划的分类、编制依据及计划的实施情况.生产作业计划包括年计划、月计划、周计划、日计划、班计划和机台计划,不同时段的计划具有不同的编制方式和依据.生产作业计划的实施贯穿于生产系统的各道工序,应具备人员、设备、材料、工艺和市场等各项条件.科学、合理、适时的生产作业计划对提高生产效率、降低成本、满足市场需求具有指导作用,准确、有效、到位地实施生产作业计划则对此起到保证作用.     

露天矿短期计划优化的几项关键技术方法

在研制露天矿短期剥采计划优化软件包过程中，采用了几项计算机处理方法和技术，开发了交互式屏幕彩色字符图设计系统。采用更适用于块段模型显示的压缩链环阵图形数据结构及采剥区域填充的算法──字符段填充算法，极大地节省了内存空间，减少了种子点进出栈的次数和堆栈深度，提高了交互式设计系统的处理速度，更适合大型露天煤矿短期剥采计划设计。     

查改隐患：多一分细心就多一分安全

年初以来，面对严峻的安全生产形势，中石化巴陵石化公司开展“无安全事故、无非计划停车”竞赛，深入推进开展“我要安全”主题活动，目标是公司争创无事业部级事故月、无事业部级非计划停车月，事业部争创无车间级事故月、无车间级非计划停车月；以车间保事业部，以事业部保公司；以月保季，以季保年，进一步落实安全生产责任，杜绝事业部级及以上事故、非计划停车的发生。     

泰国天然橡胶价格上涨

为降低生产成本和减少对胶乳供应商的依赖，泰国善泰（Shun Thai）橡胶手套工业公司计划兴建一座乳胶厂，专门供应其生产乳胶手套所需的原料。这座乳胶厂，计划投资2228亿泰铢，筹建期为8个月，建成后年生产乳胶约为1．1万吨。     

大庆化肥厂元月生产实现开门红

2008年元月，大庆石化公司化肥厂克服冬季装置生产操作难度大等困难，合理安排生产计划，积极协调原料气的供应，保持装置大负荷生产，共生产合成氨39．8kt、尿素61kt，分别完成月度计划的106％和104％，实现了2008年首月生产开门红。     

加快改革开放步伐 促进化学地质矿山的稳定协调发展——化工部地质矿山局郑若灿局长在全国化学矿山工作会议上的工作报告摘要

一、当前化学地质矿山行业的形势 党的十一届三中全会以来,化学地质矿山行业进入新的发展时期,“七五”期间经受住了化肥滞销和市场疲软的两次冲击,取得了飞跃性的发展。1991年全行业又全面完成了年度生产、基建计划,为实施“八五”计划迈出了良好的第一步。     

罗村力推陶瓷企业转移

8月4日，佛山市罗村街道召开了陶瓷企业座谈会，罗村街道办事处相关领导要求陶瓷企业负责人要正确认识当前节能减排工作的形势，为保证街道内陶瓷产业全转移工作的顺利开展．所有陶瓷企业都要提前做好相关的生产计划、债权债务处理计划和人员的安置计划等。     

上海石化聚酯科研中试生产线投产高速BOPP及两工业长丝新产品通过鉴定

上海石化(中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司)的聚酯切片生产综近月正式投产，并顺利试产符合品质要求的产品。是项聚酯科研计划名为“年产10000吨聚酯试验线研究和开发”项目，列为中国石化科研计划之一。该生产综由上海石化涤纶事业部和中国纺织科学院合作研究设计，建设工程历时六个月。     

总承包项目执行过程中项目进度计划管理工作

主要介绍了在总承包项目执行过程中,项目计划工程师负责工作内容,包括项目进度计划管理,项目周报、月报的编制,项目进度完成百分比统计表等,以及施工进度测量及调整方法。     

Physiological and analytical variation in cholesterol and triglycerides

Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined, on each of two AutoAnalyzer systems in 11 healthy subjects, weekly over a 10-week and monthly over a 12-month period. Analytical variation was 1–2% for cholesterol and 2–5% for triglyceride. Cholesterol and triglyceride values on frozen quality control serum pools were not indicative of absolute values on fresh plasma. Even though the two AutoAnalyzer systems averaged within 1–2 mg/dl for triglyceride and cholesterol on the serum quality control pools during the 12-month period, the two systems differed by 7–8 mg/dl on fresh or frozen plasma samples. The coefficient of physiological variation on the 10 weekly samples averaged 5% (range 3–10%) for plasma cholesterol and 18% (range 9–27%) for plasma triglyceride. Analysis of the monthly samples suggested significant (P<0.05) seasonal trends: cholesterol was highest in the winter months and lowest in October, whereas triglyceride was highest in January and February and lowest in May and December. We conclude that intra-individual variation can be an important source of error in attempting to make a genetic diagnosis of hyperlipidemia and/or in evaluating hypolipidemic regimens in a given subject.     

Does decreased mowing frequency enhance alkaloid production in endophytic tall fescue and perennial ryegrass?

Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea, and perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, are widely infected with fungal endophytes (Neotyphodium spp.). The symbiosis between plant and fungus leads to synthesis of alkaloids that have been shown to be either toxic or act as feeding deterrents against insect pests. As cultural practices have the potential to regulate production of plant secondary metabolites, we evaluated the influence of mowing frequency on the levels of major alkaloids in tall fescue and perennial ryegrass in the greenhouse. Tall fescue and perennial ryegrass maintained in 15-cm-diam. pots were cut to 5-cm height weekly or biweekly. Samples were taken monthly and the alkaloids extracted and analyzed by reverse-phase LC-MS. In tall fescue, ergovaline, ergonovine, and ergocristine were identified, whereas only ergocristine was identified in perennial ryegrass samples. In tall fescue, we observed a trend showing higher levels in samples cut biweekly than in those cut weekly. A similar pattern was seen in some putative alkaloids that were not identified. In perennial ryegrass, ergocristine and two putative alkaloids followed a pattern similar to that of alkaloids in tall fescue. A survey of a few samples of perennial ryegrass using extractions specific to peramine and lolitrem B yielded evidence suggesting their presence as well as several other identified alkaloids. These data support the hypothesis that decreased mowing frequency enhances alkaloid production/accumulation in tall fescue and perennial ryegrass.     

Estimation of vector error correction models with mixed‐frequency data

Vector autoregressive (VAR) models with error‐correction structures (VECMs) that account for cointegrated variables have been studied extensively and used for further analyses such as forecasting, but only with single‐frequency data. Both unstructured and structured VAR models have been estimated and used with mixed‐frequency data. However, VECMs have not been studied or used with mixed‐frequency data. The article aims partly to fill this gap by estimating a VECM using the expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm and US data on four monthly coincident indicators and quarterly real GDP and, then, using the estimated model to compute in‐sample monthly smoothed estimates and out‐of‐sample monthly forecasts of GDP. Because the model is treated as operating at the highest monthly frequency and the monthly‐quarterly data are used as given (neither interpolated to all‐monthly data, nor aggregated to all‐quarterly data), the application is expected to be unbiased and efficient. A Monte Carlo analysis compares the accuracy of VECMs estimated with the given mixed‐frequency data vs. with their single‐frequency temporal aggregate.     

A Structural‐Factor Approach to Modeling High‐Dimensional Time Series and Space‐Time Data

This article considers a structural‐factor approach to modeling high‐dimensional time series and space‐time data by decomposing individual series into trend, seasonal, and irregular components. For ease in analyzing many time series, we employ a time polynomial for the trend, a linear combination of trigonometric series for the seasonal component, and a new factor model for the irregular components. The new factor model simplifies the modeling process and achieves parsimony in parameterization. We propose a Bayesian information criterion to consistently select the order of the polynomial trend and the number of trigonometric functions, and use a test statistic to determine the number of common factors. The convergence rates for the estimators of the trend and seasonal components and the limiting distribution of the test statistic are established under the setting that the number of time series tends to infinity with the sample size, but at a slower rate. We study the finite‐sample performance of the proposed analysis via simulation, and analyze two real examples. The first example considers modeling weekly PM_2.5 data of 15 monitoring stations in the southern region of Taiwan and the second example consists of monthly value‐weighted returns of 12 industrial portfolios.     

Evaluation of Variations in Ground-Level Ozone (O3) Concentrations

This article presents the results of measuring the concentrations of ground-level ozone (O₃) in ambient air and meteorological parameters (atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity during the year 2008. The measurements were performed at measuring station located near Campo Grande, away from local sources of O₃. Fourier analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used as tools for mathematical analysis of the indicated occurrence. The results of Fourier analysis indicate that not only the daily cycles but also the weekly and monthly cycles are visible in all periods as well as the 12-h cycles. The statistical analysis of the obtained data, based on PCA have shown that approximately 60% of the variance in the measured values can be described with two factors. The attempt of O₃ distribution modeling, using MLRA, resulted in a linear model whose coefficient of determination was equal to R² = 0.98. The results of the study indicate that all these methods are useful for understanding the impact of meteorological parameters on variations of ozone concentration over time.     

露天矿验收测量平面图的自动绘制

露天矿生产过程中需要及时提供验收测量平面图，本文介绍了微机自动绘制露天矿验收测量平面图的原理和方法，着重阐述了验收边界数据的接合处理方法和注记重叠的自动处理方法。     

Correlation Between Enzyme Activity and Stability of a Protease, an Alpha-Amylase and a Lipase in a Simplified Liquid Laundry Detergent System, Determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Enzymes used during washing in laundry detergents have become a universal tool to lower energy consumption and to generate a broad, consumer-relevant, cleaning effect. However, the stability of these enzymes remains a major obstacle, particularly in liquid products, due to increased interaction between the enzymes and the other components of the detergent. The process of formulation involves extensive shelf-life stability studies where residual enzyme activities are correlated with formulation variations. As a way to improve the formulation process, we evaluated the possible use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as a tool to predict enzyme stability in liquid detergents. Thus, residual enzyme activity after incubation in a multitude of formulations was determined and compared to thermodynamic data obtained by DSC. The enzymes tested were a protease, an alpha-amylase and a lipase. We found a strong linear correlation between DSC-derived data, in particular T _max (temperature at peak maximum of the transition from the folded to unfolded state) and enzyme activity studies with R ²-values: 0.98 (protease), 0.99 (amylase) and 0.98 (lipase), respectively. Thus, a higher T _max for the same enzyme in a particular formulation is directly proportional to longer storage stability. These results suggest a new way of greatly accelerating this type of formulation study, allowing estimation of enzyme compatibility with a specific formulation on a daily, rather than the weekly or monthly basis used at present.     

Surveillance of individual level disease maps

Methods for the production of individual (address) level disease maps are often retrospective; they estimate a map of the average relative risk of disease over a study period. However, recently, epidemiologists have started to look at weekly or monthly reports of disease and assess them for any change in the distribution of relative risk. For example, in the United States of America, the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention now routinely collects information on over 50 notifiable diseases every week. In this paper we present a method for the detection of a sudden change in the geographical distribution of the disease in a prospective study. The method is based on an estimate of the directional derivative of the conditional probability of a case, given either a case or control has occurred. It is based on standard kernel approaches to nonparametric regression and it is readily applied in any standard statistical software package. Two simulated examples of sudden clustering around a fixed point are provided.