采用蒸汽爆破技术制木低聚糖的尝试

初步探讨了用蒸汽爆破玉米秸杆技术制备木低聚糖和可溶性木聚糖的工艺条件。结果发现,采用１．６ＭＰａ和２．０ＭＰａ的蒸汽压,维压５ｍｉｎ,可以使戊聚糖回收这４０．０％～５９．０％。其中,低聚糖得率达３６．０％～５９．０％,在２．０ＭＰａ的压力条件下,加水有利于戊聚糖的溶出,缓解聚糖的降解。     

以二硫化钼为催化剂硝基苯催化加氢制取对氨基苯酚

研究了硝基苯加氢制取对氨基苯酚所用催化剂制备方法和操作条件。以二硫化钼为催化剂（ＭｏＳ２／Ｃ），在１３５℃，２．０ＭＰａ的条件下，硝基苯催化加氢制取对氨基苯酚，其产率达６４．３％。     

聚苯乙烯超临界流体脱挥研究

经实验研究，确定了聚苯乙烯超临界流体脱挥的优化操作条件：温度为３４３Ｋ，压力为１８ＭＰａ，ＣＯ２与ＰＳ的投料比为２．０～３．０ＬＣＯ２／ｈ·ｇＰＳ。在该条件下脱挥３ｈ，可使聚苯乙烯中的挥分含量从１％降至０．２％     

ZA23高铝锌基合金的铸造

采用普通金属材料的精炼和变质处理工艺，在燃油坩埚炉中熔炼出了２１％￣２７％Ａｌ；２．０％￣３．０％Ｃｕ；０．０１％￣０．０３５％Ｍｇ；杂质≤０．１９％，砂型铸态机械性能；σｂ：４１０￣３６２ＭＰａ；σｓ：３６９￣３１６ＭＰａ，δｓ：１１．３％￣２．５％；ＨＢ：１０９￣９９的ＺＡ２３高铝锌基合金；用粘土砂、手工造型、Ｖ／Ｆ判据和相应的铸造工艺解决了该合金易产生底缩和二次缩孔的难题生产出价值２．９万多     

聚丙烯酸系铸造粘结剂生产工艺研究

腈纶废料经高温、高压可催化水解成一种粘度在２—５Ｐａ·ｓ之间，ｐＨ为７—８，并具有一定粘结强度的水溶性溶液。水解条件为浴比１：６，温度１８０—２００℃，压力１．０—１．５ＭＰａ，催化剂ＸＢ２％。此水解液用于混砂制芯具有优良的铸造性能，拉伸强度可达２．２ＭＰａ以上，湿压强度为０．０１２ＭＰａ，是一种性能优良的粘结剂。     

超临界CO_2萃取桂花和茉莉花浸膏的研究

用超临界ＣＯ２对桂花、茉莉花进行了萃取研究,考察萃取时间、温度、压力对浸膏得率和质量的影响。桂花萃取最佳工艺条件为：压力１２～１６ＭＰａ,温度３０８～３１８Ｋ,时间１５～２ｈ,浸膏得率０２５１％;茉莉花萃取最佳工艺条件为：压力１２～１５ＭＰａ,温度３０８～３２３Ｋ,时间１～１５ｈ,浸膏得率为０２４０％。     

气相生长炭纤维增强的C／C各向同性复合材料

用冷压成型和热压成型工艺制备了以气相生长炭纤维为增强剂的Ｃ／Ｃ各向同性复合材料。冷压成型的复合材料炭化处理后尺寸膨胀，密度只能１．３８ｇ／ｃｍ~３，但其弯曲强度达３４ＭＰａ，弹性模量达２．２×１０~４ＭＰａ，比密度为１．７５ｇ／ｃｍ~３的核石墨分别高５０～１００％和２００～３００％，热压成型的复合材料弯曲强度达５７ＭＰａ，弹性模量５３×１０~４ＭＰａ，断裂韧性４．７２ＭＰａｍ~（１／２），其性能远高于核石墨。     

甘蔗渣回收生产木糖的实验条件探讨

以甘蔗渣为原料,研究了影响木糖生产的３个主要因素：压力,酸浓度,水解时间。结果表明,水解压力０．１ＭＰａ,酸浓度２％,时间５０ｍｉｎ,此时木糖得率为７８．５６％,而在１％Ｈ２ＳＯ４,０．６ＭＰａ１０ｍｉｎ条件下蒸爆,木糖得率约为８０％为最佳条件。     

MX_nL_m体系催化合成碳酸二甲酯

对甲醇氧化羰基化反应合成碳酸二甲酯工艺进行了研究。本合成工艺选用的新型催化剂ＮＣＢ络合物具有同类催化剂的特性及明显优势。在２．０～２．５ＭＰａ,１００～１１０℃实验条件下,甲醇单程转化率在２５％以上,生成碳酸二甲酯的选择性大于９５％。     

镀锌炉用高强低铁隔热耐火砖的研制与生产

以漂珠、结合粘土为原料，加入膨胀剂、助熔剂和可燃加入物．可制得高强、高铝、低铁隔热耐火砖。其主要理化指标：体积密度０．４１～０．５４ｇ／ｃｍ３，常温耐压强度１．２～２．７ＭＰａ，重烧线变化－０．１％（１２５０℃）～－０．０２％（１１５０℃）．导热系数０．１３４～０．１４８Ｗ（ｍ·Ｋ）；Ａｌ２Ｏ３４３．６％～４９．５％，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３１．１６％～１．１０％。     

卫福拌种防治玉米丝黑穗病

比较了卫福和粉锈宁拌种防治玉米丝黑穗病的效果。用40％卫福悬浮剂5ml/kg种子拌种防效达88.47％,明显好于用15％粉锈宁可湿性粉剂5g/kg种子的防效。卫福拌种后使玉米出苗快而整齐,贮存半年之后对种子发芽率几乎无不良影响。     

复合玉米淀粉微球的合成与其性能研究

以复合淀粉(玉米淀粉和β-环糊精)为原料,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,采用反相乳液聚合法,合成复合玉米淀粉微球。利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、差热分析等方法对微球进行了表征,并用溶胀度法测定微球交联程度,通过微球对无机金属粒子和有机色素吸附量测定微球的吸附性能。结果表明,制备的复合玉米淀粉微球外型规则,粒度均匀,分散性好。复合玉米淀粉微球的溶胀度比玉米淀粉降低,对无机物Ca2+、有机物胭脂红的吸附作用比玉米淀粉更强,可以作为良好的吸附剂。     

EFFECTS OF HYBRID AND DAMAGE ON MOLD DEVELOPMENT DURING LOW TEMPERATURE DRYING AND STORAGE OF HIGH MOISTURE SHELLED CORN

Several corn hybrids either resistant or susceptible to storage mold were harvested with a combine and stored at high moistures (19 to 24% moisture, wet basis) in 0.81 m³ (23 bu) bins nd in “mini-bins” containing 1200 g (2.6 lbs). For several hybrids, two damage levels were achieved by adjusting combine cylinder speed. Storage conditions were the same as those found in a low temperature drying bin. Mold growth in the bins and “mini-bins” was monitored by determining number of propagules, percent seeds fine material was removed from all hybrids tested in 1986, whereas in 1985 it was not removed. This probably improved the storability of the 198 6 corn and reduced the differences in mold invasion. Furthermore, the sporulation and growth of mold were lower and differences may not have had time to develop.

Bin and small scale tests were consistent in differentiating the relative resistance of hybrids and they agreed with results of laboratory studies (Friday, 19,87). Some of the observed differences can be attributed to physical damage. However, there was an incremental decrease in storability above that which could be explained by damage, which the authors believe was caused by the hybrid effect. FRB73 × Mol7 was consistently more resistant to storage molds than the other hybrids tested. FRB73 × Mol7 and FR35 × FR20 displayed a higher level of mold resistance in all storage tests while P3707 and P3377 were consistently more susceptible. (Authors note: not all Pioneer hybrids are more susceptible to storage molds as some Pioneer hybrids have been found to store well in laboratory tests.)

The agreement of the bin, small scale, and laboratory studies suggests that hybrids can be screened for mold resistance in the laboratory. Hopefully, this will encourage plant breeders to begin such screening. This would be even more feasible if the laboratory procedures could be simplified and if the incubation time prior to evaluation for mold invasion could be reduced.     

不同预处理方式对玉米叶和玉米秆酶解率的影响

1 INTRODUCTION Enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose to glucose from inexpensive and abundant sources, followed by ethanol fermentation to produce alternative liquid transportation fuels is very attractive[1―4]. However, lignocellulosic biomass must first be pretreated to open up its structure, so that the high yields vital to economic success can be realized. Pretreatment is currently one of the most expensive steps in such bio- conversion routes, which account for one-third of the total…     

玉米肽的生物学功能和应用

玉米肽具有醒酒、降血压、抗疲劳、抗氧化等作用,易于被人体消化吸收,而且具有改善身体素质等诸多保健功效。基于玉米肽在广泛pH范围内水溶性良好,热稳定、低黏度等理化特性,广泛被应用于饮品、医药、老年食品及发酵等各个行业,具有广阔的发展前景。     

Identification of a female-produced sex pheromone of the western corn rootworm

A sex pheromone has been isolated and identified from virgin females of the western corn rootworm (WCR),Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte. The synthesized compound, racemic 8-methyl-2-decanol propanoate, was equal in attraction to the natural pheromone when tested in the field as a trap bait against three taxa ofDiabrotica known to respond to pheromone extracts from female WCR. Five taxa (D. virgifera virgifera; D. virgifera zeae Krysan and Smith, Mexican corn rootworm;D. longicornis barberi Smith and Lawrence, northern corn rootworm;D. longicornis longicornis (Say); andD. porracea Harold) were attracted to traps baited with 8-methyl-2-decanol propanoate. The response of male northern corn rootworms (NCR) in the field peaked at a relatively low concentration of 8-methyl-2-decanol propanoate and then was severely reduced at the higher concentrations tested. Conversely, the response of male WCR in the field continued to increase up to the highest dose tested.     

玉米醇溶蛋白的提取及应用

玉米醇溶蛋白无毒、可食、具有成膜性、粘接性和憎水性等功能,广泛用于各类药片包衣、食品保鲜膜、上光剂、粘接剂、发泡剂和乳化剂等.分析研究了玉米醇溶蛋白的提取、沉淀及纯化技术.     

Characterization of protein extracted from flaked,defatted, whole corn by the sequential extraction process

An investigation was conducted to identify and characterize protein extracted by 45% ethanol:55% 0.1 M NaOH from flaked, defatted, undegermed corn (Zea mays L.) during Sequential Extraction Processing (SEP). This new approach to corn milling, SEP, recycles the ethanol produced from the fermentation of cornstarch to upstream steps of protein extraction and the simultaneous extraction of corn oil and dehydration of the ethanol. About 10% of the protein was extracted by ethanol during counter-current-percolation oil extraction. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and amino acid analysis identified this protein as zein. Nearly 65% of the total protein was recovered by the process in the protein extraction step from soft dent corn (Pioneer 3377), medium-hard dent corn (Pioneer 3732) and high-lysine corn. The freeze-dried solids of the ethanol/alkali extracts from these corn hybrids contained about 80% crude protein (db). The amino acids were present in quantities similar to those in whole corn and markedly higher than those in corn gluten meal. These results indicate that SEP produces high-quality protein suitable for food and industrial uses. Paper presented at the Symposium on Oilseed Processing for Edible Food and Feed Products, 82nd Annual Meeting of the AOCS, May 12–15, 1991. Research Associate, Assistant Professor, and Professor, respectively.     

虞美人色素的提取及其稳定性的研究

报道了虞美人色素的提取、理化性质及其稳定性,并初步推断该色素为花青素类物质,为其开发利用提供科学的依据。     

玉米淀粉氧化方法及高效催化剂表征研究

从 H2 O2 、KMn O4 、Na Cl O三种氧化试剂的对比研究 ,提出在酸性条件下用KMn O4 氧化玉米淀粉是制备涂料成膜物质的有效途径。