多Agent谈判中议题相关性及权重度量研究

已有的多议题谈判研究局限于议题相互独立、议题权重固定等前提假设。针对该问题,提出一种议题分组算法。采用移动平均法和事例推理法使用户能更灵活地设定权重,根据单个议题权重初值的确定函数以及议题组的权重求解规则,给出分组变化时的权重动态变更算法。分析结果表明,该算法能解决多议题谈判中的议题相关性问题和议题权重的动态度量问题,使多议题谈判更加科学合理。     

基于Agent的多问题并行遗传谈判模型

Agent谈判增加了电子商务系统的主动性,一个有效的谈判模型是系统实现的关键。分析了已有Agent谈判模型的特点,设计的基于Agent的多问题并行谈判模型解决了已有谈判模型中存在的谈判问题单一、非并行、不考虑对手收益和固定权重等问题。模型中产生谈判方案的算法的自适应性体现在问题权重、遗传参数和收益偏差的动态调整上,给出了问题实数编码和权重调整公式。最后,设计了一个面向三个问题的电子谈判实例,验证了谈判模型的可行性和有效性。     

基于遗传算法的刻面权重构件检索方法的实现

提出了一种改进的基于遗传算法的刻面权重自学习构件检索模型（CRMFWS）,采用基于刻面权重自学习的遗传算法来动态地改变刻面权重以提高查准率;采用基于构件采样的风险最小化算法来解决训练数据不充分问题。实验结果表明该算法是可行的,能够大幅度提高构件的检索效率。     

基于模糊推理的适应性自动谈判系统研究

提出了一个基于模糊规则推理的自动谈判系统.针对当前自动谈判系统中主观估计对手偏好信息、忽略对手报价历史,不能响应谈判环境变化的问题,采用贝叶斯学习对手款项权重,遗传算法优化模糊规则中的参数.实例计算分析表明该系统具有一定的可行性和有效性.     

基于GA的一对多、多属性谈判模型研究

随着商务智能的发展,自动谈判已成为解决用户与商家冲突的重要渠道.买家与卖家进行交易时,往往要针对产品的多个属性进行交涉,并希望与多个卖家同时进行,从而选取最优方案.通过对遗传算法进行改进,保证最优个体的不变性,采用动态的选择概率以及增大交叉和变异概率等,设计了基于GA的一对多、多属性自动谈判问题模型.仿真结果验证了该模型的有效性及可行性.     

基于遗传算法的Agent多边多议题协商模型

提出了一种基于遗传算法的多边多议题协商模型,该模型能够根据协商过程中对手提议的变化情况动态估计对手偏好,提高了适应度函数的判断能力,促使协商达成一致.实验分析表明,该模型使各Agent均能在短时间内协商成功,并且各Agent获得的效用总和近似于最高社会效益,从而验证了该模型的有效性.     

基于Bayesian学习的适应性优化协商模型

在复杂的自动协商环境中,设计能够处理不完全信息和动态情形的协商agent有效学习机制正成为具有挑战性的议题.提出了一种基于Bayesian学习的时间依赖的双边多议题协商优化模型(BLMSEAN).通过只观察对手的历史报价,将Bayesian学习和基于混合策略的演化算法相结合,所提模型使得协商agent能够对于对手协商参数的概率分布有更精确的估计(如期限、保留报价和议题权重等),能够适应性地调整让步策略使协商双方都受益,提高了协商的成功率和效用.通过实验可以显示所提的模型学习对手私有信息和适应性调整让步策略的有效性.     

基于S型曲线的指标权重确定方法

针对动态系统的多指标多决策者综合评价问题,目前的赋权法很少考虑决策者评价可信度及指标权重随评价对象变化而变化的情况,因此提出一种基于置信度的参数可调的S型曲线指标赋权模型.在专家打分法的基础上,通过引入专家权威性和差异性系数来确定专家置信度,提高专家评价的可信度,运用可调参数来校准基于置信度的指标赋权模型,使其能较好地解决评价者与动态系统中指标权重之间的非线性关系,增加了赋权模型的灵活性.结合实例确定指标权重的结果符合客观实际,验证了此方法的可行性和实用性,它为确定指标权重提供了一种新的有效途径.     

用基于随机权重方法的遗传算法求解大学课程表问题

在分析大学课程表问题的基础上,提出了用基于随机权重和方法的遗传算法求解大学课程表问题,并对整个算法进行设计与实现.系统的实验结果表明,改进的遗传算法能够较好地处理大学课程表问题.     

遗传算法在电子商务协商优化问题中的应用

本文提出了一种基于智能体和"多维拍卖"机制的电子商务谈判协商模型,并利用改进的遗传算法实现了交易方案的自动生成.实验表明,上述方法可以对offer不断优化,高效、快速地生成使参与自动协商的Agent双赢的交易方案.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。