Palm-Dorsal Vein Recognition Method Based on Histogram of Local Gabor Phase XOR Pattern with Second Identification

This paper proposes a palm-dorsal vein recognition method with local Gabor phase features, which includes a second identification for more accuracy. First, we extract quadrant-bit codes from the 2D Gabor transformation of a vein image. Then using the Histogram of the Local Gabor Phase XOR Pattern (HLGPXP) obtains the vein texture features, which combines the global information and the local information. Finally, the chi-square distance is adopted for recognition. Using the texture features based on the local Gabor codes above, the Second Identification (SI) segments the vein images and regards the non-overlap degree between images as a matching criterion. The experimental results show the Error Equation Rate (EER) of our method (HLGPXP-SI) decreases by 11.7 %, 4.8 % respectively than Modified Local Binary Pattern (MLBP) [1], Local Gabor Binary Pattern (LGBP) [2] on Database A (204 high-quality palm-dorsal vein images from 68 hands), and on Database B (400 low-quality palm-dorsal vein images from 100 hands), it decreases by 18.94 %, 15.51 % respectively than Selected Gabor Phase and Amplitude Features (SGPAF) [3], Direct Gabor Phase Coding (DGPC) [4].     

基于直方图统计量的逆合成孔径雷达目标识别

将原用于人脸识别的基于Gabor局部二进制模式的识别技术用于逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)像的雷达目标识别,对算法进行了改进,取得了较好的识别效果。将ISAR像进行Gabor小波变换,提取不同尺度和方向的Gabor幅值图谱;然后把幅值图谱分成小的子区域,用多尺度局部二值模式提取空域增强的直方图作为特征,最后在χ2统计量作为不相似度量计算的特征空间里,采用最近邻分类器完成五类目标的分类识别。与目前已有的几种典型ISAR目标识别方法进行了对比,结果表明:该方法是可行且有效的,能够明显地提高识别率。     

Learned local Gabor patterns for face representation and recognition

In this paper, we propose Learned Local Gabor Patterns (LLGP) for face representation and recognition. The proposed method is based on Gabor feature and the concept of texton, and defines the feature cliques which appear frequently in Gabor features as the basic patterns. Different from Local Binary Patterns (LBP) whose patterns are predefined, the local patterns in our approach are learned from the patch set, which is constructed by sampling patches from Gabor filtered face images. Thus, the patterns in our approach are face-specific and desirable for face perception tasks. Based on these learned patterns, each facial image is converted into multiple pattern maps and the block-based histograms of these patterns are concatenated together to form the representation of the face image. In addition, we propose an effective weighting strategy to enhance the performances, which makes use of the discriminative powers of different facial parts as well as different patterns. The proposed approach is evaluated on two face databases: FERET and CAS-PEAL-R1. Extensive experimental results and comparisons with existing methods show the effectiveness of the LLGP representation method and the weighting strategy. Especially, heterogeneous testing results show that the LLGP codebook has very impressive generalizability for unseen data.     

Automatic recognition of woven fabrics based on texture and using SVM

This paper proposes the recognition and classification of three dominant patterns of woven fabrics such as twill, satin and plain. The proposed classifier is based on the texture analysis of woven fabric images for the recognition. In the pattern recognition phase, three methods are tested and compared: Gabor wavelet, local binary pattern operators and gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). Taking advantage of the differences between the woven fabric textures, we adopt a technique which is based on the texture of the images in the pattern recognition phase. For the classification phase we used a support vector machine, which we have proven is a suitable classifier for this type of problem. The experimental results show that some of the studied methods are more compatible with this classification problem than others. Although it is the oldest method, GLCM always remains accurate (97.2%). The fusion of the Gabor wavelet and GLCM gives the best result (98%), but GLCM have the better running time.     

Design-based texture feature fusion using Gabor filters and co-occurrence probabilities.

A design-based method to fuse Gabor filter and grey level co-occurrence probability (GLCP) features for improved texture recognition is presented. The fused feature set utilizes both the Gabor filter's capability of accurately capturing lower and mid-frequency texture information and the GLCP's capability in texture information relevant to higher frequency components. Evaluation methods include comparing feature space separability and comparing image segmentation classification rates. The fused feature sets are demonstrated to produce higher feature space separations, as well as higher segmentation accuracies relative to the individual feature sets. Fused feature sets also outperform individual feature sets for noisy images, across different noise magnitudes. The curse of dimensionality is demonstrated not to affect segmentation using the proposed the 48-dimensional fused feature set. Gabor magnitude responses produce higher segmentation accuracies than linearly normalized Gabor magnitude responses. Feature reduction using principal component analysis is acceptable for maintaining the segmentation performance, but feature reduction using the feature contrast method dramatically reduced the segmentation accuracy. Overall, the designed fused feature set is advocated as a means for improving texture segmentation performance.     

基于Gabor小波变换的人脸表情识别

在人脸表情识别中,针对Gabor小波变换特征维数很大的问题,提出了一种新的多方向特征编码方法。通过对Gabor特征幅值进行统计处理,将每个像素点同一尺度不同方向的Gabor特征幅值闽值化成二进制,加强了Gabor小波对图像局部结构信息的表征。同时,结合了类似旋转不变LBP的方法对图像进行降维。为了进一步提高表情的正确识别率,采用一种局部区域融合的方法,最后在JAFFE表情库上进行测试,得到比较好的识别率,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于Gabor多通道加权优化与稀疏表征的人脸识别方法

稀疏表征理论在模式识别中的应用引起广泛的关注。在用稀疏表征方法研究人脸识别问题中,为了使得表征系数矢量具有更为显著的稀疏性,该文提出一种Gabor稀疏表征分类(Gabor Sparse Representation Classification, GSRC)算法,该算法利用Gabor局部特征构造字典,增强算法对外界环境变化的鲁棒性。GSRC算法对所有的Gabor特征等同对待,通过进一步考虑不同Gabor特征对识别的不同贡献,该文提出了一种加权多通道Gabor稀疏表征分类(WMC-GSRC)算法,该算法通过引入Gabor多通道模型,提取不同通道的Gabor特征分别构造字典和稀疏表征分类器,在决策级执行分类器的加权融合得到识别结果。通过在ORL, AR和FERET人脸库上的实验结果验证了该文算法的有效性。     

Gabor feature based classification using the enhanced fisher lineardiscriminant model for face recognition

This paper introduces a novel Gabor-Fisher (1936) classifier (GFC) for face recognition. The GFC method, which is robust to changes in illumination and facial expression, applies the enhanced Fisher linear discriminant model (EFM) to an augmented Gabor feature vector derived from the Gabor wavelet representation of face images. The novelty of this paper comes from (1) the derivation of an augmented Gabor feature vector, whose dimensionality is further reduced using the EFM by considering both data compression and recognition (generalization) performance; (2) the development of a Gabor-Fisher classifier for multi-class problems; and (3) extensive performance evaluation studies. In particular, we performed comparative studies of different similarity measures applied to various classifiers. We also performed comparative experimental studies of various face recognition schemes, including our novel GFC method, the Gabor wavelet method, the eigenfaces method, the Fisherfaces method, the EFM method, the combination of Gabor and the eigenfaces method, and the combination of Gabor and the Fisherfaces method. The feasibility of the new GFC method has been successfully tested on face recognition using 600 FERET frontal face images corresponding to 200 subjects, which were acquired under variable illumination and facial expressions. The novel GFC method achieves 100% accuracy on face recognition using only 62 features.     

一种掌纹纹线结构特征的描述和匹配方法

掌纹的纹线结构特征明显,稳定且具有足够的辨别信息。由于掌纹线很不规则,很难用数学表达式的方式对其结构进行精确描述。该文提出一种新的用于掌纹识别的纹线结构特征描述和匹配方法。该方法应用改进的注水算法从二值的纹线图像上提取纹线的统计结构特征;标记纹线方向,提取纹线的方向结构特征;将掌纹线的全局统计结构特征和局部细节方向结构特征整合为一个特征向量描述掌纹纹线的结构特征;最后定义一个加权距离衡量不同纹线结构特征之间的相似度。实验表明,该方法不仅具有较好的匹配性能,而且可以获得较高的识别精度。     

面向语音情感识别的Gabor分块局部二值模式特征

谱特征在语音情感识别中起到了重要的作用,然而现有的谱特征仍未能充分表达谱图中的语音情感信息.为研究语音情感与谱图之间的联系,提出了一种面向语音情感识别的Gabor分块局部二值模式特征（GBLBP）。首先,获取情感语音的对数能量谱;然后,采用多尺度,多方向的Gabor小波对对数能量谱进行处理,得到Gabor谱图;再次,对每张Gabor谱图进行分块,采用局部二值模式提取每个块的局部能量分布信息;最后,将提取到的所有特征级联,得到GBLBP特征。Berlin库上的实验结果表明:GBLBP特征的平均加权召回率比MFCC高了9%,识别性能显著优于众多谱特征,且与现有声学特征有较好的融合性。      

Active appearance models using statistical characteristics of Gabor based texture representation

Active appearance model (AAM) has been successfully applied to register many types of deformable objects in images. However, the high dimension of intensity used in AAM usually leads to an expensive storage and computational cost. Moreover, intensity values cannot provide enough information for image alignment. In this paper, we propose a new AAM method based on Gabor texture feature representation. Our contributions are two-fold. On one hand, based on the assumption that Gabor magnitude and Gabor phase follow a lognormal distribution and a general Gaussian distribution respectively, three simplified texture representations are proposed. One the other hand, we apply the proposed texture representations in AAM, which is the first time to extract statistical features from both Gabor magnitude and Gabor phase as the texture representation in AAM. Tests on public and our databases show that the proposed Gabor representations lead to more accurate and robust matching between model and images.     

基于上下文信息与注意力特征的欺骗语音检测

随着语音合成和语音转换技术的快速发展，欺骗语音检测方法仍存在欺骗检测准确率低、通用性差等问题。因此，提出一种基于上下文信息与注意力特征的端到端的欺骗检测方法。该方法基于深度残差收缩网络（DRSN），利用双分支上下文信息协调融合模块（DCCM）聚集丰富的上下文信息，融合基于协调时频注意力机制（CTFA）的特征以获得具有上下文信息的跨维度交互特征，从而最大化捕获伪影的潜力。与最佳基线系统相比，在ASVspoof 2019 LA数据集中，所提方法在EER和t-DCF性能指标上分别降低68%和65%；在ASVspoof 2021 LA数据集中，所提方法的EER和t-DCF分别为4.81和0.311 5，分别降低48%和10%。实验结果表明，所提方法能有效提高欺骗语音检测的准确率和泛化能力。     

手指多模态Gabor编码特征局部融合方法研究

鲁棒性特征提取一直是生物特征识别领域研究的一个重要问题。由于手指姿态易变,这个问题在手指多模态生物特征描述方面显得更为突出。为了较为稳定地刻画手指多模态生物特征信息,本文提出了一种新的基于Gabor特征编码的局部灰度特征提取方法。首先,对手指的三个模态指纹、指静脉和指节纹图像分别进行Gabor滤波,刻画它们的纹理方向特性,并分别获取Gabor方向特征编码。然后,分别对特征编码图像进行局部灰度特征分析,并以局部串联的方式对手指多模态生物特征进行融合。实验表明,该方法在自制的手指姿态多变的数据库中具有良好的识别性能。      

Automatic facial expression recognition: feature extraction and selection

In this paper, we investigate feature extraction and feature selection methods as well as classification methods for automatic facial expression recognition (FER) system. The FER system is fully automatic and consists of the following modules: face detection, facial detection, feature extraction, selection of optimal features, and classification. Face detection is based on AdaBoost algorithm and is followed by the extraction of frame with the maximum intensity of emotion using the inter-frame mutual information criterion. The selected frames are then processed to generate characteristic features using different methods including: Gabor filters, log Gabor filter, local binary pattern (LBP) operator, higher-order local autocorrelation (HLAC) and a recent proposed method called HLAC-like features (HLACLF). The most informative features are selected based on both wrapper and filter feature selection methods. Experiments on several facial expression databases show comparisons of different methods.     

Adaptive feature selection based on reconstruction residual and accurately located landmarks for expression-robust 3D face recognition

A novel adaptive feature selection based on reconstruction residual and accurately located landmarks for expression-robust 3D face recognition is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the novel facial coarse-to-fine landmarks localization method based on Active Shape Model and Gabor wavelets transformation is proposed to exactly and automatically locate facial landmarks in range image. Secondly, the multi-scale fusion of the pyramid local binary patterns (F-PLBP) based on the irregular segmentation associated with the located landmarks is proposed to extract the discriminative feature. Thirdly, a sparse representation-based classifier based on the adaptive feature selection (A-SRC) using the distribution of the reconstruction residual is presented to select the expression-robust feature and identify the faces. Finally, the experimental evaluation based on FRGC v2.0 indicates that the adaptive feature selection method using F-PLBP combined with the A-SRC can obtain the high recognition accuracy by performing the higher discriminative power to overcome the influence from the facial expression variations.     

一种融合Gabor+SIFT特征的人脸识别算法

姿态变化和光照干扰对于人脸识别的准确率和效率有很大影响。针对这一问题,文中采用结合Gabor特征和SIFT特征的人脸识别方法进行识别,提取一幅人脸图像的多个方向和多个尺度的Gabor特征,并将提取得到的Gabor特征图像进行分块。对分块后的子图像进行提取SIFT特征的操作,将得到的Gabor特征全部SIFT向量级联作为最终特征向量。使用主成分分析方法对得到的最终特征向量进行降维处理,随后使用最小二乘支持向量机进行训练识别。在FERET人脸数据库中进行的实验结果表明,相对于传统单一的人脸识别方法,利用本文方法在姿态变化和光照干扰情况下对人脸识别的准确率达到98.1%,证明了新算法的有效性。     

Gabor字典及l0范数快速稀疏表示的人脸识别算法

针对光照、遮挡、伪装情况下,识别率比较低,识别时间长的问题,本文提出了基于Gabor字典及l0范数快速稀疏表示的人脸识别算法。Gabor小波提取的特征能够克服遮挡、光照等干扰对人脸识别的影响,平滑l0算法通过平滑连续函数来近似 l0范数,只需较少测量值并且较快速度便能重构稀疏信号。本算法通过提取人脸的Gabor特征、主成分分析法（PCA）降低维度,l0范数快速稀疏分类完成识别。在伪装人脸情况下,分块计算Gabor人脸特征,提高Gabor字典的形成速度。基于AR人脸数据库的实验结果表明,本算法可在一定程度上提高识别速度和识别时间,即使在小样本情况下,依然具有较高的识别率。      

Textural feature based face recognition for single training images

A novel face recognition algorithm using single training face image is proposed. The algorithm is based on textural features extracted using the 2D log Gabor wavelet. These features are encoded into a binary pattern to form a face template which is used for matching. Experimental results show that on the colour FERET database the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is higher than the local feature analysis (LFA) and correlation filter (CF) based face recognition algorithms even when the number of training images is reduced to one. In comparison with recent single training image based face recognition algorithms, the proposed 2D log Gabor wavelet based algorithm shows an improvement of more than 3% in accuracy.