防紫外线超疏水织物涂层构筑及性能

以羟基氟硅油、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为原料,制备了含双键的聚氨酯,在整理液中添加紫外线吸收剂(UVA400)和纳米二氧化硅颗粒,以提高涂层的紫外线防护效果和表面粗糙度,通过紫外光引发双键自由基聚合构筑防紫外超疏水织物涂层,并对材料进行了FTIR、SEM、疏水性及紫外线防护性能测试。结果表明:羟基氟硅油和PETA引入到了聚氨酯分子链中;织物表面具有微纳米状凸起,形成了粗糙的表面涂层。当整理液固体组分中w(SiO2)=15%,w(UVA400)=1.5%时,涂层织物的接触角为154?,滚动角为9?,紫外线防护系数(UPF)为72,紫外线A(UV-A)波段的透过率为2.96%,具有超疏水和紫外线防护性能;涂层织物经120h加速老化实验后,接触角为155?,UPF为117,UV-A波段的透过率为2.68%,具有良好的耐久性。     

加速老化试验对建筑用有机硅结构胶拉伸粘接性能的影响

采用盐雾、紫外光照、水-紫外线光照人工加速老化方法,对比了多种市售建筑用有机硅结构密封胶(有机硅结构胶)老化前后拉伸粘接性能的变化。结果表明,建筑用有机硅结构胶经盐雾和紫外光照加速老化10 000 h(417 d)后,大部分样品力学性能保持良好,对基材仍然保持良好的粘接性;经水-紫外线光照加速老化10 000 h(417 d)后,力学性能有较大幅度的降低,经水-紫外线光照加速老化5 000 h(208 d)后,样品出现粘接破坏,可能是水的存在加速了有机硅结构胶与基材界面化学键的破坏。     

PC板的生产及其在建筑中的应用

综述了聚碳酸酯（PC）板的生产及其在建筑中的应用。添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、水杨酸苯酯、蒙脱土等有利于增强PC板的抗撕裂强度,提高PC板的抗紫外线性能。添加黄化抑制剂可以提升PC板的力学性能和耐光老化性能。添加改性气凝胶可以提升PC板的隔热阻燃性能。采光屋面的PC板使用U型锁扣联接能降低板材宽度变形,提高板材的荷载及抗风能力。     

抗紫外线耐开裂透明涂层材料的制备及应用

以水性氟碳涂料及自制纳米氧化锌为主要原料,制备出一种透明的抗紫外线耐开裂涂层材料;分别以透明载玻片及彩绘木板为涂覆对象,通过紫外-可见分光光度计和紫外光耐气候试验箱对涂层的透明性、紫外线吸收能力以及耐候性进行检测。研究结果表明:该涂层材料不仅具有高透明性,而且对彩绘层具有明显的保色和耐开裂功效;目前该涂层材料已成功应用于西安城墙敌楼彩绘保护的研究中。     

宽波段近红外吸收涂层的制备及性能研究

以近红外(NIR)吸收染料为光吸收剂,羟基丙烯酸酯为预聚物树脂,光学级聚酯(PET)薄膜为基材,采用湿法涂布的方式制备了宽波段近红外吸收涂层材料。通过透光率测定,TG-DSC和光学显微镜分析研究了涂层的光学性能以及耐热稳定性和耐紫外光老化性能。结果表明,当N660,N720,N800和N890的质量分数分别为0.4%,0.6%、0.8%和1.0%时,所制备的涂层具有良好的宽波段近红外吸收性能和较高的可见光透过率,其在660~930 nm宽波段的平均透光率低于0.2%,同时在380~600 nm可见光波段的平均透过率超过45%。此外,涂层具有较好的耐热稳定性,其热分解温度为257.8℃。添加质量分数0.2%的抗紫外老化剂后,涂层的耐紫外光辐照老化性能显著提高。     

耐冲击聚碳酸酯板

美国Sheffield Plastics公司的新产品生产线能生产厚度为25mm的耐冲击聚碳酸酯(PC)板,板材的黑斑和其它污点少,抗紫外线老化性能稳定,是许多应用领域的理想制品。原料采用拜耳公司的PC牌号Makrlon WG,该牌号为无定型热塑性材料,是“无增韧剂”的PC板材专用生产牌号。用其制备的板材冲击强度和弯曲弹性模量高,典型应用包括：罐和容器视窗、观察窗、医用设施部件和一些军用部件。     

抗紫外线聚乙烯醇/磷酸钛钠复合膜的制备与性能研究

采用溶液共混-浸渍提拉法制备出聚乙烯醇/磷酸钛钠(PVA/NaTi2(PO4)3)复合膜。利用紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-VIS)、热重分析仪(TG)对复合膜进行分析,并对其人工加速老化性能、力学性能、水蒸气透过性和耐水性能进行测试。结果表明:PVA/NaTi2(PO4)3复合膜具有一定的抗紫外线功能,老化后薄膜的力学性能保持良好。PVA/NaTi2(PO4)3复合膜的热稳定性、保湿性和耐水性与纯PVA薄膜相比均有所提高。     

海洋腐蚀环境下纯聚脲重防腐涂层耐久性研究

通过FTIR、DSC等方法,研究了在海洋大气环境户外自然曝晒老化和紫外线人工加速老化条件下,纯聚脲重防腐涂层(简称Qtech-412涂层)的力学性能、光泽度和分子结构变化。结果表明:Qtech-412涂层经过600 d户外自然曝晒老化后,光泽度下降94.53%,力学性能基本不变;经过15 000 h紫外线人工加速老化后,涂层表面失光,有机染料变黑,力学性能变化较小;FTIR和DSC试验表明:上述两种老化方式都仅仅使涂层表面染料分子的化学键断裂,出现褪色或变黑现象,而聚脲内部分子结构非常稳定;在人造海水的露天水池中曝晒6个月后的划叉破坏试验表明:Qtech-412涂层实际防腐效果优于其它重防腐涂层。目前Qtech-412涂层已成功应用于青岛海湾大桥承台、港珠澳大桥沉管隧道接缝等防护工程。     

热氧老化对聚碳酸酯结构和性能的影响

分别在90～120℃环境下,对聚碳酸酯(PC)进行人工热氧加速老化实验.研究PC老化后的结构性能变化和热氧老化机理.结果表明:在低于120℃温度条件下,老化120 h后,PC仍显示强而韧的性能,但断裂伸长减小;在120℃温度条件下,老化24 h后,PC拉伸断裂伸长消失;PC的热氧降解过程主要是以热诱导氧化降解反应,降解反应引起端基、侧基从主链断裂脱落,导致内部缺陷,力学性能随之下降.     

聚丙烯／绢英粉复合材料的抗紫外线性能研究

制备了聚丙烯／绢英粉复合材料，并对其抗紫外线性进行了研究，结果表明，绢英粉是一种很有发展前景的聚丙烯光照稳定剂，该复合材料具有很好的抗紫外光老化性能。     

Adhesion failure of antiscratch coatings on polycarbonate under UV irradiation

The adhesion failure of antiscratch (AS) coatings on unmodified and plasma‐modified polycarbonate (PC) substrate was studied using both chemical and physical methods while considering the surface and interface changes between coatings and PC under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The differences in the wettability and surface elemental compositions of the PC surface (PCs) and AS coatings after UV ageing were evaluated by contact angle and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements. The nanoindentation technique was employed for the quantitative assessment of the changes in the nanomechanical properties of both PCs and AS coatings under UV irradiation. The adhesion of coating on plasma‐modified PC was found to be significantly better than that of unmodified substrates. The hydrophilicity and polarity of PCs covered by AS coatings were significantly increased because of the photodegradation of PCs, whereas silicon coatings remained invariant. Nanoindentation tests revealed an obvious enhancement in stiffness of the coating and exposed PC after ageing. Based on these experiments, we proposed that adhesion failure under UV irradiation may be caused by two reasons: first, the photodegradation that occurred at the PCs covered by AS coatings; and second, the stress induced by the changes in stiffness of both AS and PCs under UV ageing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40507.     

Investigating the surface properties of polyurethane based anti‐graffiti coatings against UV exposure

A permanent anti‐graffiti coating based on a polyurethane resin was prepared by incorporating different levels of an OH‐functional silicone modified polyacrylate additive. Static contact angle measurements and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were employed to evaluate surface free energy and mechanical properties of the coating specimens, respectively. Effect of ageing condition on the graffiti properties of the coating samples was evaluated utilizing an accelerated weathering test. Color changes, surface morphology, and variations in the mechanical properties were also examined prior to and after being exposed to UV irradiation for 864 h in a QUV chamber. Results showed that surface free energy of the samples decreased with replacement of polyol with additive up to 5 mol %. A Scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X‐ray detector revealed that for the samples containing more than 5 mol % additive, there was an enrichment of silicone at the interface of films and air. At long exposure times and higher concentrations of additive, depreciation of graffiti properties was seen. DMTA and attenuated total reflectance‐fourier transform infra‐red studies before and after ageing showed that the silicone additive tended to degrade while it could cause an increase in crosslinking density. Water contact angles and atomic force microscopy images after ageing revealed that the cause of the depletion in anti‐graffiti properties was attributed to the deterioration of the silicone additive. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

耐候型聚甲醛复合物的制备与性能研究

将二甲基硅氧烷、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线屏蔽剂、甲醛吸收剂与聚甲醛（POM）共混制备了耐候型POM,分析了光老化、热氧老化、水热老化实验后耐候型POM的性能、结构变化及助剂的分布情况。结果表明,耐候助剂提高了POM的力学性能保持率;POM的老化过程主要发生在无定形区域,且对光尤为敏感、热氧次之,对水热的影响较小;耐候助剂主要分布于无定型区域,在发挥耐候效果的同时,由于紫外线照射,本身会被消耗。     

Surface treatment with ultraviolet laser for adhesive bonding of polymeric materials

We demonstrated an efficient surface pretreatment with excimer laser at 193 nm, which could be successfully used as a surface preparation tool to improve the adhesion and mechanical properties of bonded polymer joints. The effect of the ultraviolet (UV) light can be used both as a method for increasing the specific surface area improving the mechanical adhesion and as a method for activating the polymer surface improving the physical adhesion. Mechanical tests and studies on the failure of bonded polycarbonate (PC) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) samples showed a significant increase in the quality of bonded connections by using pretreatment with UV laser. As a result of the studies, the bond strength of the PC samples was increased by about 32% using a PB437 UV curing adhesive. By using Loctite 9466 applied to PEEK samples, a strength increase of about 36% was achieved.     

Influence of ultraviolet radiation and aggressive media on epoxy coating degradation

The influence of ultraviolet radiation and of 5% water solutions of sulphuric acid, potassium hydroxide and sodium chloride on an epoxy coating was investigated. It was found that those factors cause generation of characteristic (for a given ageing kind) cracks on the coating surface. UV radiation, for example, gave rise to cracks called silver cracks. It was found as well that ageing changes in the coating influence the mechanical properties such as hardness, statical and dynamical strength.     

光学透明胶膜CEF0807的性能研究

光学透明胶膜(CEF0807)是一种用于粘接光学透明元件的特种PSA(压敏胶),其对被粘基材的力学性能、透光性能、雾度、色彩失真度和可靠性等影响很大。研究结果表明:CEF0807是一种粘接性能优异的压敏胶,其对玻璃、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)等基材的180°剥离强度分别为141、117、108、103 N/100 mm;CEF0807具有优异的光学性能,其透光率为94.3%,而雾度和色差(ΔE)仅分别为0.80%和1.48;CEF0807经环境可靠性测试后性能优异,非常适合于光学元件、光学视窗等材料的粘接。     

不同老化模式对光伏背板中PET结晶度的影响

分别研究了在湿热老化、加速湿热老化、紫外辐照老化模式下,背板力学性能和PET层结晶度的变化,归纳了背板失效与其PET层结晶度的关系,并对几种老化模式进行了比较.结果表明,湿热老化和加速湿热老化时,PET层趋于结晶,为了保证背板不失效,结晶度应该控制在38%以下;紫外辐照老化时,分子结构破坏为主导,通过比较力学性能发现,...     

Synthesis of reactive UV absorbers,derivatives of monochlorotriazine,for improvement in protecting properties of cellulose fabrics

A number of colourless fibre-reactive UV absorbers, derivatives of monochlorotriazine were synthesised. Reactivity with cellulose and their properties as auxiliaries increasing UV-protection factor (UPF) of treated cotton fabrics were determined. Changes in protecting properties of prepared absorbers and changes in whiteness of used textiles during prolonged exposition to light were also measured.     

云母对PP抗紫外光老化性能的影响

将云母填充聚丙烯(PP)进行光老化前后的力学性能比较,并采用紫外-可见光分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜等对云母及复合材料进行研究.实验表明:具有高径厚比的云母容易在塑料流体流动过程中沿着流动方向并行取向,取向后的云母不仅有利于提高PP材料的力学性能,而且云母对紫外光具有层间反射、干涉和遮蔽等效应,同时降低云母粒径,提高径厚比可有效提高改性PP的力学性能和抗紫外光老化性能.     

丙烯酸酯弹怀体对聚甲醛耐老化性能的影响

将自制的丙烯酸酯弹性体、抗氧剂和光稳定刺与聚甲醛熔融共混后进行紫外线老化实验．并对老化前后试样的力学性能和表面层分子量进行了测试。结果表明，改性聚甲醛的分子量得到了较好的保持，抗冲击韧性及断裂伸长率均明显优于未改性聚甲醛。