苯菌酮对黄瓜白粉病的室内生物活性

[方法]苯菌酮是巴斯夫公司开发的一个二苯酮类的新型杀菌剂,对各类白粉病有良好的防治效果.采用常规生测方法研究了苯菌酮对黄瓜白粉病的室内生物活性和作用特性.[结果]试验结果表明:苯菌酮对黄瓜白粉病有较好防治效果.预防活性的EC50、EC90值为2.0、6.1 mg/L,治疗活性的EC50、EC90值0.14、2.1 mg/L;对黄瓜白粉病的持效期为7～10d,但在植株叶片之间不具有内吸传导性.     

33%氟噻唑吡乙酮·噁唑菌酮悬浮剂高效液相色谱分析

[目的]建立高效液相色谱同时检测氟噻唑吡乙酮、唑菌酮的分析方法。[方法]以乙腈-磷酸溶液为流动相,使用以ZORBAX SB-C18、5μm为填料的不锈钢柱和二极管阵列检测器,在260 nm波长下对33%氟噻唑吡乙酮·噁唑菌酮进行分离和定量分析。[结果]方法检测氟噻唑吡乙酮、唑菌酮线性相关系数分别为0.999 2、0.999 8;标准偏差分别为2.77、0.72,变异系数分别为0.08%、0.21%,平均回收率分别为100.91%、100.40%。[结论]该分析方法操作简便、快速,分离效果好,准确度和精确度高,线性关系好。     

聚醚酮酮和磺化聚醚酮酮的热稳定性研究

用差热分析法,差示扫描量热法、换失重法,等热分析方法对聚醚酮酮和磺化聚醚酮酮的热稳定及其差异进行了研究,结果表明聚醚酮酮有更好的热稳定性。     

莰酮及其衍生物的生物活性

樟树中含有樟脑，樟脑的主要化学成分为莰酮，由于莰酮难溶于水的性质，限制了其成为绿色农药的原料。研究了莰酮及其可溶性衍生物莰酮磺酸对果蝇的驱避、触杀、熏蒸作用，并作了比较，结果表明莰酮衍生物的以上3种作用优于莰酮。为研制和开发樟树源绿色农药提供了理论依据。     

酮内酯类抗生素的应用

医药工作者对红霉素及其衍生物结构改造研究,获得了第3代对耐药菌有效的大环内酯类抗生素,其对大环内酯敏感菌、耐药呼吸道病原体均具有非常良好的药物活性,已成为当前抗生素新药研发的重心。介绍了酮内酯类抗生素的抗耐药菌机制及抗菌活性特点,重点介绍了相关产品包括替利霉素、噻霉素等的药理机制及临床应用,通过对国内外酮内酯类抗生素的研发进度及市场前景的分析得出结论:酮内酯类抗生素研究成为未来研究方向。     

高性能聚芳醚酮的发展及应用

综述了聚醚酮、聚醚醚酮、聚醚醚酮酮、聚醚酮酮、聚醚酮醚酮酮等5类高性能聚芳醚酮的性能、合成方法及其改性研究进展等,并介绍了聚芳醚酮的应用情况,指出聚芳醚酮的发展趋势是通过开发新的合成技术或者改性途径,在不影响其主要性能的前提下降低生产成本.     

氟噻唑吡乙酮的开发及应用

氟噻唑吡乙酮是首个哌啶基噻唑异唑啉类杀菌剂,对卵菌纲病害具有保护和治疗活性,且持效期长。文中介绍了氟噻唑吡乙酮的理化性质、作用机理、合成方法,重点介绍了其开发进展及应用。     

吡喹酮产销开发前景广阔

吡喹酮为广谱抗寄生虫病药物，对日本血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、曼氏血吸虫等均有杀灭作用。此外，对并殖吸虫（肺吸虫），华支睾吸虫，包虫，囊虫、孟氏裂头蚴，姜片虫，绦虫等也有杀灭作用，其作用特点是疗效高，剂量小，疗程短，代谢快，毒性小，口服方便等。它的问世是寄生虫病治疗上的一个重大突破。目前已成为治疗多种寄生虫病的首选药物。吡喹酮已被收入中、美、英等许多国家药典。2000年6月吡喹酮被列入我国基本医疗保险药品目录中抗吸虫病药物甲类第一名，1998年我国长江流域遭受特大洪水袭击后，吡喹酮作为血吸虫预防和治疗的一线药物，发挥了很大作用。     

烯草酮及混用防治早熟禾等的效果研究

研究了烯草酮及混用对早熟禾等的效果，明确了烯草酮及？昆用的防效、最佳配比。烯草酮与草除灵混配对早熟禾与雀舌草的防除效果为加成作用，烯草酮：草除灵混配比例1：3．8。     

聚醚酮酮和磺化聚醚酮酮物理性能的研究

研究了聚醚酮酮(PEKK)和磺化聚醚酮酮(SPEKK)的密度、吸水率、耐溶剂性能和电性能,用X—射线衍射研究了结晶度的大小,用差热分析、差示扫描量热分析和热失重法进行了热性能的研究,并对模压成型条件进行了探讨。与磺化聚醚酮酮相比,聚醚酮酮的密度略大,吸水率较小,耐溶剂性能好,结晶度大,熔点及热分解温度较高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.