特钢用镍铁合金的研究

1.前言镍的用途极广,是十种常用有色金属之一。镍及镍合金因具有优异的工艺性能及极可贵的物理化学性质,故在有色金属及合金中占有相当重要的位置。镍合金的牌号多,品种多,但在铁合金产品中,镍铁合金尚属空白,更无系列牌     

中印尼签署大型镍铁合金项目

福建泛华矿业股份有限公司1月3日与印度尼西亚塞兰·博勒卡萨公司签署协议,将在印尼东部马鲁古省投资兴建镍铁合金项目。     

镍铁合金经济熔炼法

日本冶金工业公司是世界上少数竖向联合的不锈钢生产者之一。它利用镍矿作原料，生产各类成品不锈钢。大江山厂的铁熔炼工艺（日本冶金大江山工艺）是世界上唯一采用回转窑熔炼氧化矿的方法。大江山工艺直接使用烟炼 和无烟煤等廉价燃料取代昂贵的电能作为其主要冶炼能源，因而能耗成本很低，被认为是一种不锈钢生产所需镍原料的十分有利的冶炼方法，用该方法含有少量杂质的所谓“粒铁”（Ｌｕｐｐｅｎ）的镍铁粒，其粒度约１－２０     

镍铁合金镀液中Ni2+含量的光度测定

研究了镍离子与EDTA形成络合物的条件及其光度性质.结果表明，在H9-11的氨性缓冲介质中，Ni^2 与EDTA生成蓝色络合物，最大吸收波长位寺582.5nm处，镍浓度在1－80mg/25mL范围内遵守比尔定律，相关系数r=0.9999,表观摩尔吸光系数ε－10．75。应用于镍铁合金镀液中Ni^2 的测定，获得了较满意的结果。     

氧化铝色层分离-硫酸钡重量法测定镍铁合金中硫

对GB／T21932—2008“氧化铝色层分离-硫酸钡重量法测定镍铁合金中硫含量”的分析条件和精密度进行了前期试验,给出了样品溶解条件、高氯酸用量、检测范围和合金元素的影响等方法参数,建立了方法的重复性限和再现性限,对使用该标准的用户具有一定的指导意义。     

金川公司生产镍铁合金的途径与可行性分析

本简要论述了钢铁行业所需的镍铁合金的生产原理，分析了利用镍都实业公司原特钢厂电弧炉等设备生产钢铁行业所需的镍铁合金的可行性，并认为是配合公司“五五一一”工程，盘活公司存量资产一条可供选则途径之一。     

高频燃烧红外吸收法测定镍铁合金中硫含量

采用ELTRA CS2000碳硫分析仪对镍铁合金中硫含量进行测定。以含硫量相近的铸铁标准样品对仪器进行校准,确定了称样量200mg,助熔剂纯铁0.3g、钨粒1.5g的最佳测定条件。重复性实验表明方法的相对标准偏差RSD在3%以下,精密度较高,加标回收实验镍的回收率在98.75%至101.79%之间,具有较好的准确度。该方法可用于镍铁合金中硫含量的准确测定。     

红土矿“一步法”生产镍铁合金的实验研究

在分析国内外红土矿新技术开发的基础上,通过实验室优化研究,提出了红土矿一步法生产镍铁合金的新工艺,研究了在一定配料条件下温度对渣金分离效果的影响,并分析了该工艺的技术特点,对一步法工艺的扩大试验具有指导意义。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镍铁合金中7种元素

使用王水并利用微波消解的方式处理样品,微波消解采用分步升温的方法,第1步升温5 min到120 ℃,维持6 min;第2步再升温5 min到180 ℃,并保持6 min。选择Si 251.612 nm、Mn 293.930 nm、P 213.618 nm、Cr 206.149 nm、Cu 324.754 nm、Co 238.892 nm、Ni 221.647 nm为分析线并设置合适的背景扣除位置,采用基体匹配法绘制校准曲线可消除基体效应的影响,利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定硅、锰、磷、铬、铜、钴、镍,建立了镍铁合金中硅、锰、磷、铬、铜、钴、镍的测定方法。各待测元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999 5;镍铁中各元素的检出限为0.000 9%～0.003%(质量分数)。方法应用于镍铁合金标准样品JSS 760-3中硅、锰、磷、铬、铜、钴、镍的测定,结果与认定值相符,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为0.36%～5.2%。     

Removal of antimony from copper by injection of soda ash

The removal of Sb from molten copper is of importance in the development of processes which can smelt copper concentrates directly into copper in a single furnace. A promising method is injection of oxygen and sodium carbonate in a modified anode furnace. This study encompassed a thermodynamic analysis of the impurity removal reactions and an experimental investigation of antimony removal from molten copper in a 15 kW induction furnace. The results showed that the reaction was controlled by diffusion of Sb in the metal phase. The reaction between metal and injected flux can be divided into two subprocesses-. (1) “transitory contact” reaction to the injected flux particles as they rise through the melt and (2) “permanent contact” reaction across the interface between the metal bath and the supernatant slag layer. On the basis of the experimental work, the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (cm³/s) at 1473 K was expressed in terms of the two subprocesses as follows:(k _d A) _ov = (k _d A) _pc +(k _d A) _tc = 1.25Q _g ^0.29 + 0.28(H Q _f ) whereQ _g is the injection gas flow rate in normal liters per minute,H is the depth of injection in centimeters, andQ _f the rate of flux injection in grams per second.     

Finite element investigation of backbone binder removal from MIM copper compact

Abstract

Finite element (FE) model based on kinetic analysis was developed to describe the thermal debinding process of previously solvent debinded metal injection moulded (MIM) copper compacts. Thermophysical properties (specific heat, density, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity as a function of temperature) of MIM copper compact were measured using differential scanning calorimeter, laser flash analyser, thermogravimetry analyser and pushrod dilatometer. The proposed model is solved numerically to study binder removal and binder distribution during thermal debinding. The investigations included the analysis of residual (backbone) binder content for cylindrical MIM copper compacts at different temperatures and positions. The FE calculations are strongly based on measured thermophysical data and kinetic analysis of copper system. The FE simulated and experimental results were compared to validate the underlying FE model based on FE temperature field calculations. Drawing the real furnace temperature conditions in finite calculation can result in obtaining more accurate data.     

72000kVA镍铁电炉的设计

结合缅甸达贡山项目工程实际,介绍了72 000 kVA镍铁电炉炉体和配套电极装置的结构特点.     

Removal and efflux of copper from Cu-metallothionein as Cu/tetrathiomolybdate complex in LEC rats

Tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) removes copper (Cu) accumulating in a form bound to metallothionein (MT) in the liver of LEC rats (Long-Evans rats with a cinnamon-like coat color). The first step in the removal of Cu from Cu-MT has been shown to form a complex between MT and TTM through (MT)-S-Cu-S-(TTM) bridges (referred to as MT/TTM complex). Additional TTM was demonstrated to remove Cu from MT/TTM complex as the second step to form Cu/TTM complex by liberating MT. The Cu/TTM complex binds specifically to albumin in serum and to high molecular weight proteins in the absence of albumin, and is assumed to be a form of Cu for efflux by the treatment with TTM.     

非接触式熔融还原法连续制备铁镍合金

以金川渣中含有的镍、铁有价金属元素为研究对象,利用非接触式熔融还原法,采用连续分段加料的方式,探讨了熔渣中铁镍氧化物的还原规律和氧离子渗透膜的传导特征.实验结果表明:利用液态银作为引导阴极,可以得到无碳铁镍合金;采用连续式分段加料,可以提高铁镍氧化物的还原速率;增加铁镍氧化物中NiO比例,有助于增加还原前期的还原速率,减少还原后期的还原时间.另外,升高还原温度,可以提高铁镍氧化物的还原速率;但是,随着温度升高,通过外电路的电量减少.     

Kinetic modeling of minor element behavior in copper converting

The kinetics of minor element removal has been included in an overall model of the Peirce-Smith converter. Mass transfer between the condensed phases and to the gas has been considered. The model is able to predict the distribution of the minor elements fairly well but is limited by the scarcity of thermodynamic and kinetic data. It has been determined that the factors that increase oxygen efficiency, in particular gas velocity and tuyere submergence, tend to increase the proportion of the minor elements reporting to the dust. The reduction of the gas volume flow through the converter associated with oxygen enrichment does tend to reduce the minor element content in the dust. However, this effect may be offset by the increased temperature. Increasing temperature also increases the minor element content of the blister copper produced.     

表面镀钨金刚石/铜复合材料的有限元模拟

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对表面镀钨金刚石/铜复合材料进行了数值模拟,研究了金刚石体积分数、金刚石粒径及镀层厚度对表面镀钨金刚石/铜复合材料导热系数和热膨胀系数的影响。结果表明:随着金刚石体积分数的增加、金刚石粒径的增大、镀层厚度的减小,复合材料的导热系数呈现出增加的趋势,与文献数据的变化趋势相符,热膨胀系数受金刚石体积分数影响最大,金刚石粒径选在150~200 μm较为合适。     

镍资源的利用及镍铁产业的发展

叙述了镍的资源状况和镍矿处理工艺,介绍了我国镍铁产业的现状及发展趋势。