基于多变量小波有限元的一维结构分析

基于区间B样条小波(B-Spline Wavelet on the Interval, BSWI)和多变量广义势能函数,该文构造了二类变量小波有限单元,并用于一维结构的弯曲与振动分析。基于广义变分原理,从多变量广义势能函数出发,推导得到多变量有限元列式,并以区间B样条小波尺度函数作为插值函数对两类广义场变量进行离散。此单元的优势在于可以提高广义力的求解精度,因为在传统有限元中,只有一类广义位移场函数,所以广义力通常是通过对位移的求导得到,而多变量单元中,广义位移和广义力都是作为独立变量处理的,避免了求导运算。此外,区间B样条小波是现有小波中数值逼近性能非常好的小波函数,以它作为插值函数可进一步保证求解精度。转换矩阵的应用,可以将无任何明确物理意义的小波系数转换到相应的物理空间,方便了问题的处理。最后,通过数值算例对Euler梁和平面刚架的分析,验证了此单元的正确性和有效性。     

薄板弯曲和振动分析的区间B样条小波有限法

基于二维张量积区间B样条小波及小波有限元理论,研究了用于薄板静动力学分析的区间B样条小波有限元法。在小波有限元用于薄板分析的列式过程中,采用区间B样条小波尺度函数对横向位移场逼近,从矩形和斜形薄板静动力学势能泛函出发,由变分原理得到小波有限元求解方程。该方法具有B样条函数数值逼近精度高和多种用于结构分析的小波基函数的特点。数值算例表明:区间B样条小波有限元法能以很少的计算自由度获得与其它方法同样的计算精度。     

Hamilton体系下复合材料层合板特征值灵敏度分析研究

在结构优化过程中,精确的结构参数灵敏度分析是最主要的困难之一。该文在Hamilton体系下推导了复合材料层合板特征值响应灵敏度系数的控制方程,基于BSWI(B-spline wavelet on the interval)样条小波有限元方法,利用二分法求得了四边固支复合材料层合板前四阶特征值对材料密度的灵敏度系数,并与有限差分法所得结果相比较,证明了该文所提出方法的可靠性。另外,该方法能够方便地拓展到复杂层合板壳结构以及智能材料层合板特征值灵敏度系数的求解问题中去。     

基于区间B样条小波基函数时变多变量AR模型的时变结构参数识别

本文研究的是时变动力学结构的参数识别问题。仅利用线性时变结构的多个加速度响应测量数据,本文将区间B样条小波函数作为时变基函数,构造了基于区间B样条小波基函数的时变多变量自回归模型,并推导了时变结构瞬时频率的识别方法。文中利用该法对一个三自由度线性时变结构进行了仿真研究,针对结构瞬时频率周期变化,突变和线性变化三种不同的情况分别进行了瞬时频率识别,并在加速度响应数据中加入了不同信噪比的高斯白噪声以检验识别方法的抗噪能力。最后,文中对一个具有质量时变特性的悬臂梁结构进行了实验研究,实验结果充分说明了区间B样条小波基函数时变多变量自回归模型对时变结构参数识别的可行性,有效性和良好的抗噪能力。     

基于B样条小波有限元的压电材料层合板灵敏度分析

在Hamilton体系下推导了压电材料层合板静力响应灵敏度系数的解析表达式,基于BSWI样条小波有限元方法,利用半解析法研究了混合层合板位移对材料常数灵敏度系数在z方向上的分布情况,并将半解析法的结果与有限差分法相比较,证明了半解析法结果的可靠性。结果表明:在边界条件为四边简支,上表面受均布单位压应力情况下,u和w对材料参数的灵敏程度相当,v对材料参数的灵敏程度相对较弱;u和v对材料参数的灵敏度系数在层合板厚度上变化范围较w更大。     

基于小波内聚力模型的界面裂纹扩展

利用区间B样条小波良好的局部化性能,将内聚力模型（CZM）引入小波有限元法（WFEM）数值分析中,以区间B样条小波尺度函数作为插值函数,构造小波内聚力界面单元,推导了小波内聚力界面单元刚度矩阵,基于虚拟裂纹闭合技术（VCCT）计算界面裂纹应变能释放率（SERR）,采用β-Κ断裂准则,实现界面裂纹扩展准静态分析。将WFEM和传统有限元法（CFEM） 的SERR数值分析结果与理论解进行比较,结果表明:采用WFEM和CFEM计算的SERR分别为96.60 J/m2 和 101.43 J/m2,2种方法的SERR数值解与理论解相对误差分别为1.85%和3.06%,这明确表明WFEM在计算界面裂纹扩展方面能用较少单元和节点数获得较高的计算精度和效率。在此基础上,探讨了界面裂纹初始长度和双材料弹性模量比对界面裂纹扩展的影响,分析结果表明:界面裂纹尖端等效应力随界面裂纹初始长度的增加而增加;双材料弹性模量比相差越大,界面裂纹越易于扩展,且裂纹扩展长度也越大,因此可通过调节双材料弹性模量比来延缓界面裂纹扩展。      

爆炸作用下围岩稳定性样条小波三维数值模拟

爆炸具有高压瞬时的特点,地下结构模拟属于半无限域,应用传统有限元模拟时单元划分较多,计算效率低。样条小波有限元具有良好的数值逼近性,一个单元具有多个节点。推导了三维小波转换矩阵,应用构造了三维区间B样条圆环、扇形小波单元。结合工程实例通过Matlab软件编程,对爆炸作用地下拱形结构围岩稳定性进行了三维数值模拟,模拟结果与现场采集数据基本一致,计算效率高于传统有限元。     

基于小波有限元的移动荷载识别

小波有限元桥梁模型以区间B样条小波尺度函数为插值函数,构造了小波有限元梁单元,并通过单元转换矩阵建立了小波空间与物理空间各参数之间的关系;代表车载的移动力则投影到小波空间,从而建立基于小波的车桥系统相互作用模型。采用动态规划技术与T ikhonov正则化方法识别移动力,避免了直接处理反问题时的两端振荡与数值计算病态解等问题。仿真算例表明,与传统有限元模型相比,在相同条件下,小波有限元模型以较少的单元,在相似的识别时间内可获得相似的移动力识别精度。     

输流曲管面内振动的小波有限元方法研究

将小波有限元应用于求解输流曲管面内流致振动问题,是小波在数值计算上一个新的尝试。针对输流曲管面内振动高阶微分方程,采用区间样条小波函数作为位移场的插值函数,建立了尺度为4、阶数为6的区间样条小波输流曲管单元,推导了小波单元质量矩阵、小波单元刚度矩阵和小波单元阻尼矩阵,从而获得了输流曲管面内振动的动力学方程组。在数值算例中,计算了输流直管和曲管在几种典型边界条件下的频率,这些数值结果与伽辽金方法、传统有限元方法所得结果吻合较好,并且计算时间短。研究表明,新型小波曲管单元在求解输流曲管面内线性振动问题有一定的优势,进一步的研究可望推广到输流曲管的非线性动力学分析中。     

基于二维小波变换的爆堆矿岩边缘检测

根据爆堆图像灰度分布的特点,并结合小波变换应用于边缘检测的基本原理,采用能够检测局部突变能力的B样条小波用于爆堆岩石的边缘检测。通过推导,给出B样条小波滤波器,并根据滤波器设计出了基于二维小波边缘检测算法。在小波边缘分割中自主设计了自适应阈值检测算法,该算法能很好地去除图像的噪声,并保留了图像的边缘。     

A new wavelet-based thin plate element using B-spline wavelet on the interval

By interacting and synchronizing wavelet theory in mathematics and variational principle in finite element method, a class of wavelet-based plate element is constructed. In the construction of wavelet-based plate element, the element displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelet expansions in wavelet space is transformed into the physical degree of freedoms in finite element space via the corresponding two-dimensional C₁ type transformation matrix. Then, based on the associated generalized function of potential energy of thin plate bending and vibration problems, the scaling functions of B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI) at different scale are employed directly to form the multi-scale finite element approximation basis so as to construct BSWI plate element via variational principle. BSWI plate element combines the accuracy of B-spline functions approximation and various wavelet-based elements for structural analysis. Some static and dynamic numerical examples are studied to demonstrate the performances of the present element.     

The construction of 1D wavelet finite elements for structural analysis

Adopting the scaling functions of B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI) as trial functions, a new finite element method (FEM) of BSWI is presented. Instead of traditional polynomial interpolation, scaling functions at the certain scale have been adopted to form the shape functions and construct wavelet-based elements. Unlike the process of wavelets added directly in the other wavelet numerical methods, the element displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansions is transformed from wavelet space to physical space via the corresponding transformation matrix. The transformation matrix is the key to construct wavelet-based elements freely as long as we can ensure its non-singularity. Then, classes of C₀ and C₁ type elements are constructed. And the lifting scheme of BSWI elements is also discussed. The numerical examples indicate that the BSWI elements have higher efficiency and precision than traditional finite element method in solving 1D structural problems especially for geometric nonlinear, variable cross-section and loading cases.     

基于区间B样条小波有限元的移动荷载识别

小波有限元以区间B样条小波尺度函数为插值函数构造小波有限元单元,并通过单元转换矩阵建立小波空间与物理空间各参数之间的关系.采用动态规划法与Tikhonov正则化法识别移动荷载,避免了直接处理反问题时的振荡与数值计算病态解等问题.算例采用所测得的部分离散点的动态响应数据为已知信息,验证了小波有限元的优越性及小波的多尺度特...     

Bending,Free Vibration and Buckling Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates via Wavelet Finite Element Method

Following previous work, a wavelet finite element method is developed for bending, free vibration and buckling analysis of functionally graded (FG) plates based on Mindlin plate theory. The functionally graded material (FGM) properties are assumed to vary smoothly and continuously throughout the thickness of plate according to power law distribution of volume fraction of constituents. This article adopts scaling functions of two-dimensional tensor product BSWI to form shape functions. Then two-dimensional FGM BSWI element is constructed based on Mindlin plate theory by means of two-dimensional tensor product BSWI. The proposed two-dimensional FGM BSWI element possesses the advantages of high convergence, high accuracy and reliability with fewer degrees of freedoms on account of the excellent approximation property of BSWI. Numerical examples concerning various length-to-thickness ratios, volume fraction indexes, aspect ratios and boundary conditions are carried out for bending, free vibration and buckling problems of FG plates. These comparison examples demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed WFEM method comparing with the exact and referential solutions available in literatures.     

B-Spline Wavelet on Interval Finite Element Method for Static and Vibration Analysis of Stiffened Flexible Thin Plate

A new wavelet finite element method (WFEM) is constructed in this paper and two elements for bending and free vibration problems of a stiffened plate are analyzed. By means of generalized potential energy function and virtual work principle, the formulations of the bending and free vibration problems of the stiffened plate are derived separately. Then, the scaling functions of the B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI) are introduced to discrete the solving field variables instead of conventional polynomial interpolation. Finally, the corresponding two problems can be resolved following the traditional finite element frame. There are some advantages of the constructed elements in structural analysis. Due to the excellent features of the wavelet, such as multi-scale and localization characteristics, and the excellent numerical approximation property of the BSWI, the precise and efficient analysis can be achieved. Besides, transformation matrix is used to translate the meaningless wavelet coefficients into physical space, thus the resolving process is simplified. In order to verify the superiority of the constructed method in stiffened plate analysis, several numerical examples are given in the end.     

基于神经网络的短粗转轴裂纹诊断研究

构造Rayleigh-Timoshenko区间B样条小波梁单元,建立短粗转子系统小波有限元模型。求解与不同裂纹相对位置和相对深度相对应的裂纹转子前三阶固有频率。将裂纹相对位置、相对深度、前三阶固有频率作为神经网络的训练样本,训练出用于裂纹定量诊断的神经网络。以实测固有频率作为训练好的神经网络的输入,定量诊断测出裂纹的相对位置和深度。试验研究表明,所提出的裂纹诊断方法具有较好的精度和鲁棒性,且易于在工程实践中进行短粗裂纹转子定量诊断。