不同氨基酸和植物油对替考拉宁产量及组分含量的影响

研究了氨基酸和植物油对替考拉宁产量和组分含量的影响。结果发现,与对照相比,在发酵培养基中添加0.05%异亮氨酸和0.05%L-缬氨酸,替考拉宁产量分别提高24.7%和38.2%;在发酵培养基中添加0.50%大豆油和0.50%玉米油,替考拉宁产量分别提高20.4%和28.7%。L-缬氨酸和大豆油在提高替考拉宁产量的同时,对主成分A2-2的影响作用是相反的,L-缬氨酸可以升高A2-2含量,而大豆油则降低A2-2含量。L-缬氨酸和大豆油的联合使用可进一步提高替考拉宁产量,当L-缬氨酸和大豆油添加量分别为0.06%、0.75%时,替考拉宁产量提高47.2%。优化后的配方经过50L发酵罐发酵验证,替考拉宁的平均发酵效价达到5 652U·mL~(-1),各组分含量均符合质量要求,主成分A2-2含量达到53.1%。     

替考拉宁提取工艺研究

替考拉宁由于是多组分抗生素,工业分离时容易因为各组分回收率差异大而使产品质量比原研药Targocid(他格适)差。通过研究开发了一种新的提取工艺,能同时有效提取替考拉宁的各组分。以替考拉宁发酵液为原料,通过微滤、两次层析、脱色、结晶、过滤、干燥等步骤,所得到的替考拉宁能同时满足EP、JP和CP的质量要求,与Targocid(他格适)质量接近。     

糖肽类抗生素雷莫拉宁的研究

雷莫拉宁(Ramoplanin、A 16686、MDL 62,198)是一种新型的糖肽类抗生素,能够特异而迅速地抑制革兰氏阳性菌细胞壁的生物合成,其抑菌机制与万古霉素(Vancomycin)和替考拉宁(Teicoplanin)不同,但是其对葡萄球菌的抑菌率是万古霉素和替考拉宁的4～8倍,对许多具有耐药性的病原菌也有很好的抑菌效果.同时雷莫拉宁的细胞毒性较小且无交叉耐药问题.雷莫拉宁的纯品是由A 1、A 2、A 3 3个组分组成的混合物,其中A 2为主要成分,占80%.     

替考拉宁产生菌醋酸钠抗性变株的选育

为选育替考拉宁高产菌种，提高替考拉宁发酵单位，采用替考拉宁产生菌（Actinoplanes teichomyceticus）经紫外诱变后筛选链霉素抗性。获得了替考拉宁高产变株04-10-3，其发酵单位比出发菌株XYU-28提高55％。传代试验表明菌株04-10-3的遗传特性较稳定。     

高效液相色谱法测定阿戈美拉汀片有关物质

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定阿戈美拉汀片的有关物质的方法。方法：采用Welchrom—C18（5μm,4．6 250mm）色谱柱,以0．01mol／L的磷酸氢二钠溶液（用稀磷酸调节pH值至3．0）-甲醇-乙腈（50：30：20）为流动相,流速为1．0ml／min,检测波长为229nm,柱温为30R2。结果：在该色谱条件下,阿戈美拉汀与各中间体、杂质分离良好,辅料对有关物质检测无干扰。结论：该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于该制剂中有关物质的检测。     

替考拉宁高产菌株的选育

以替考拉宁产生菌1-16为出发菌株,经热诱变复合替考拉宁抗性筛选高产菌株,获得一株高产突变菌株TC3-25,其替考拉宁产量较出发菌株提高46%。传代试验表明该菌株的发酵水平较稳定。     

HPLC法测定阿戈美拉汀原料药的有关物质

目的:采用HPLC法测定阿戈美拉汀原料药的有关物质。方法:采用Symmtry C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相A为乙腈:10 mmol磷酸氢二钠(磷酸调节pH至3.5)=30∶70;流动相B为乙腈,梯度洗脱;流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为230 nm;柱温为35℃。结果:阿戈美拉汀及其已知杂质(杂质1、杂质2、杂质3和杂质4)的线性范围分别为0.05～1.2μg;平均回收率分别为104.6%、101.3%、104.9%、99.6%;结论:本法简便、准确、适合于阿戈美拉汀原料药有关物质测定。     

RP-HPLC法测定依普利酮片的含量及有关物质

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱法测定依普利酮片含量及有关物质的方法.方法:色谱柱为迪马 C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(30:70),流速为 1.0 mL·min-1 检测波长为 252 nm.结果:在该条件下,依普利酮与有关物质分离良好,依普利酮浓度在在 49.824～498.24...     

HPLC法测定注射用阿魏酸钠有关物质

建立了注射用阿魏酸钠有关物质的HPLC测定方法,色谱柱为C18柱(5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm),以0.1 mo1/L磷酸二氢钠-甲醇-乙腈(70∶10∶20)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为316 nm;最小检出量为0.05 ng.经验证该方法比《中国药典》所载该品测定方法专属性更强、准确、灵敏,适用于该制剂有关物质的测定.     

替考拉宁吸附树脂的筛选

替考拉宁为游动放线菌属发酵产生的糖肽类抗生素,发酵液中含有大量的色素、无机盐、杂蛋白以及同系物等杂质.介绍了替考拉宁富集树脂型号和类型的筛选以及发酵液pH值的筛选.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.