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高吸水性树脂是一种新型多功能高分子材料,由于其具有独特的吸水保水性能,高吸水树脂在农林园艺、卫生用品、沙漠绿化及建筑等多个领域具有广泛的应用。传统的高吸水树脂主要由有机分子直接合成,这类树脂虽然吸水率高,但具有耐盐性差、吸水凝胶强度低和合成成本高等缺点,通过加入无机矿物质可大大提高树脂的性能。本文采用溶液聚合的方法,以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为反应单体,制备出复合高吸水性树脂。研究了高岭土添加量,丙烯酰胺用量,交联剂用量,引发剂用量对树脂的吸水率的影响,同时还考察了保水性能,并对复合高吸水性树脂进行了红外表征。 相似文献
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淀粉基高吸水性树脂的合成与性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以马铃薯淀粉和丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)为引发剂,三氯化铝(AlCl3)为交联剂,采用以水为溶剂的溶液聚合法制备淀粉基高吸水性树脂(SAP)。确定合理的反应时间,评价树脂的吸水速率、反复吸水性及保水性能。结果表明,在ω(K2S2O8)=0.15%,ω(AlCl3)=0.10%,m(AA)∶m(starch)=6∶1,丙烯酸中和度70%,60℃的条件下,反应80 min制备的树脂吸蒸馏水率为1 235 g/g,吸质量分数为0.9%NaCl溶液率101 g/g,且吸水速率较快,SAP的重复吸水性能和保水性能较好。FTIR分析证实树脂为淀粉与丙烯酸(钠)的接枝共聚物,SAP的XRD衍射峰呈弥散衍射特征,TG和DTA分析说明SAP的热稳定性良好。 相似文献
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采用光引发的方式,将壳聚糖与丙烯酸进行接枝共聚反应,制备出高吸水性树脂,研究了壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应温度、反应时间、交联剂用量等对接枝共聚反应的影响。结果表明,影响产品吸水倍率的大小顺序是:壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应温度、反应时间、交联剂的用量,最佳用量依次分别为:8 g/g,65℃,2 h,0.3%,在此工艺条件下合成的高吸水性树脂最高吸水率可达301.12;影响接枝率的大小顺序为:壳聚糖与丙烯酸的质量比、反应时间、交联剂用量、反应温度,最佳用量依次分别为:10 g/g,3 h,0.1%,75℃。 相似文献
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以蔗渣纤维为原料,丙烯酸为接枝单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,K2S2O8为引发剂,通过溶液聚合的方法合成了蔗渣纤维(sugarcanebagasse,SCB)与聚丙烯酸(polyacrylicacid,PAA)的接枝共聚高吸水树脂(scB—g—PAA)。研究了丙烯酸用量、引发剂用量、交联剂用量以及中和度对吸水树脂吸水倍率的影响,结果表明,该接枝共聚吸水树脂的最佳合成条件是以丙烯酸用量为标准,蔗渣纤维、K2S2O8、交联剂用量分别是10%、2%、0.1%,中和度为80%,共聚物吸水倍率最高为765.7g·g-1。 相似文献
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壳聚糖接枝丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的制备 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以壳聚糖(CTS)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,通过溶液聚合后再用乙醇-氢氧化钠溶液浸泡制备了壳聚糖-g-丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂(CPAAM)。考察了制备过程中各影响因素对CPAAM吸水性能的影响,获得优化制备条件为:单体总浓度mM=8.6%(相对于反应体系总质量,m/m,下同),壳聚糖与总单体比m(M):m(CTS)=6:1(M为AA和AM),引发剂和交联剂浓度分别为mI=2.5%和mC=0.1%(相对于单体AA及AM总单体质量),反应温度60℃,反应时间5h。此条件下合成的CPAAM在蒸馏水、0.9%氯化钠溶液中最大吸液倍率分别为1315g/g、66g/g。 相似文献
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The Taguchi method, a robust experimental design, was used for optimization of synthesis of a novel biopolymer‐based superabsorbent hydrogel, kappa‐carrageenan (κ‐C)‐g‐acrylic acid (AA)‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS). The Taguchi method was applied for the experimental and standard 18 orthogonal arrays (OA) with seven factors and three levels for each factor. In the synthesis of the superabsorbent, N,N'‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker, ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, monomer ratio (AA/AMPS), κ‐C concentration, Total Monomer, neutralization percent (NU), and reaction temperature were used as important factors. After analyzing with analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that maximum water absorption capability for optimized final product was found to be 1195 g water per one gram of dry hydrogel powder. The proposed mechanism for the grafting and chemically crosslinking reactions was proved with FTIR, SEM, and TGA methods. Furthermore, the absorption capability of the hydrogels towards bivalent metal ions was evaluated. Therefore, the hydrogels may be based‐considered as a candidate to develop an efficient biofilm absorbent in water treatment applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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A novel poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite superabsorbent composite was synthesized by graft copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) on attapulgite micropowder using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator in aqueous solution. The effects on water absorbency of such factors as reaction temperature, initial monomer concentration, degree of neutralization of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, and attapulgite were investigated. These crosslinked superabsorbent composites were characterized by thermogravimetetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The graft copolymerization reaction of AA on attapulgite micropowder was characterized by FTIR. The water absorbencies for these superabsorbent composites in water and saline solutions were investigated and water‐retention tests were carried out. Results obtained from this study show that the water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal synthesis conditions with an attapulgite content of 10% exhibited an absorption of 1017 g H2O/g sample and 77 g H2O/g sample in distilled water and in 0.9 wt % NaCl solution, respectively. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1596–1603, 2004 相似文献
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Crosslinked sodium polyacrylate was prepared by solution polymerization with N,N‐methylene‐bisacrylamide (bisAM) as crosslinking agent; it was subsequently surface‐crosslinked by ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and then was modified with inorganic salt to obtain a superabsorbent with water absorbency in 0.9 wt % NaCl aqueous solution at atmosphere and applied pressure (P ≈ 2 × 103 Pa) of 55 and 20 g.g?1, respectively. Moreover, it also had excellent hydrogel strength. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, neutralization degree (ND) of acrylic acid, amount of initiator, crosslinking agent, and surface‐crosslinking agent, mass ratio of inorganic salt to initial superabsorbent, molar ratio of sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) to potassium dihydrogen hyphosphate (KH2PO4) on water absorbency (WA) in 0.9 wt % NaCl aqueous, and the hydrogel modulus were investigated and optimized. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2532–2541, 2004 相似文献
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Superabsorbent resins prepared by ultraviolet radiation‐inducing polymerization techniques with acrylic acid/acrylamide were treated with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2). The water‐absorbing properties of the treated resins were greatly improved. The water‐absorbing properties of resins treated with SC‐CO2 in the pressure range of 10–35 MPa and the temperature range of 40–60°C were studied. The effects of the treatment time and depressurizing speed of CO2 after treatment were also examined. Obviously, different results were found for particles of different sizes. Smaller particles were more efficient under the same treatment conditions. Samples were tested with differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the plasticizing effect of CO2 reduced the glass‐transition temperature of the polymer, and it was proposed that the plasticization effect might have led to polymer chain redistribution and better flexibility. Minor changes in the surface morphology of the particles were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The extraction of the unpolymerized monomers by SC‐CO2 was also studied. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2272–2278, 2002 相似文献
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壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸钠/高岭土复合树脂的吸水性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用溶液聚合法制备了壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸钠/高岭土复合树脂,研究了复合树脂在蒸馏水中的吸水速率、重复吸水性能和人工尿液中的吸水倍率,以及在不同温度、不同电解质溶液离子强度和不同pH值的环境下复合树脂的吸水性能。结果表明,复合树脂的吸水速率较慢,在多次重复吸水后吸水性能也逐渐降低,在人工尿液中的吸水倍率高于聚丙烯酸钠树脂,低于壳聚糖接枝丙烯酸钠树脂;随着温度的升高,复合树脂的吸水能力增强,超过50℃后变化较小;树脂的吸液倍率随着电解质溶液浓度和价态的增大而下降;随着pH值的增大而出现驼峰,在pH=3.5和pH=8.5处分别出现吸液倍率最大值。 相似文献
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Cs-AA-HEMA复合水凝胶的合成及溶胀性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以壳聚糖、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料,硝酸铈铵、过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂,戊二醛为交联剂,制备了壳聚糖-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯复合水凝胶,探讨了凝胶溶胀过程和理论,研究了凝胶合成条件及溶剂性质对凝胶平衡溶胀度的影响.结果表明:随着丙烯酸浓度、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯添加量的增加,凝胶平衡溶胀度先增大再减小,凝胶溶胀度随着戊二醛浓度增加而减小.壳聚糖-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯复合水凝胶是pH/离子/温度敏感型凝胶. 相似文献
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以马来酸酐(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)和亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,N-马来酰化壳聚糖(N-MACH)为交联剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合反应合成了高吸水树脂,并用正交实验法对合成条件进行了优化,得到最佳合成条件。结果表明,当单体浓度为20%,交联剂的用量为0.03 g,AA中和度为50%,m(MA)/m(AA)为5%时,可以合成具有较好吸水性的高吸水树脂,在蒸馏水中的吸水倍率为1 560.42 g/g;合成的吸水树脂具有较好的吸水速度;不同种类盐溶液浓度的变化对吸水树脂吸水率的影响较大。 相似文献
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新型改性高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)的合成及性能评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为原料,合成出原位自交联高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)。通过正交实验得出最佳合成工艺为:n(丙烯酸)∶n(丙烯酰胺)=4.5∶1,单体浓度5%,中和度70%,交联剂0.12%,引发剂0.30%(以上均相对AM、AA总量而言);产物的最大吸液性能为:吸蒸馏水最大倍率QW=2 152.4 g/g,吸10%盐水最大倍率Q盐水=28.5 g/g;由于引入适量的AM,产物吸水率和吸盐率得到大幅度的提高,产物形态由最初的粘接颗粒变成分散颗粒。 相似文献
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以醚化预处理玉米秸秆(PTCS)为基体,丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法制备PTCS接枝AA、AM共聚物[PTCS-g-P(AA-co-AM)]。研究了合成条件对树脂吸水率的影响,考察了树脂重复吸水和保水性能,并用红外光谱(FTIR)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)表征了产物的结构和形貌。结果表明,在m(PTCS):m(AA):m(AM)= 1:5:2,丙烯酸中和度为70%,K2S2O8为0.6%,MBA为0.2%,60℃反应3h条件下,制备高吸水性树脂的吸水率最大,对蒸馏水和0.9% NaCl水溶液的吸水率分别为144.04g/g、30.60g/g,且重复吸水和保水性能良好。 相似文献
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超细纤维素高吸水材料制备研究 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
研究了超细纤维素和丙烯酸接枝并聚制备高吸水材料。研究了纤维素颗粒细度、接技配料比和丙烯酸中和度对吸水性能的影响。证实了超细纤维素—丙烯酸接枝吸水材料的吸水倍数也可达千倍以上,和淀粉接枝吸水材料相近,但它抗霉菌降解能力较优。 相似文献