增加焦炉炭化室宽度的优点

增大炭化室的容积是提高焦炉生产能力的主要措施之一。以前只是考虑增加炭化室的高度和长度,近几年才试图增大炭化室的宽度。炭化室宽度增加有下列优点: 1.在相同的炼焦条件下,炭化室内煤料的温度可缓慢升高,即结焦速度小,有利于焦炭质量的提高。 2.煤料在结焦过程中产生的膨胀压力的     

SJ-96热回收炼焦炉温度场分布的数值计算

通过对SJ-96清洁型热回收焦炉传热过程的理论分析,建立了包括炉侧墙、炉底及煤料的两维传热数学模型,编写可用数值方法进行计算的Fortran程序,根据实际焦面温度测量结果,及结合文献的基础数据,求解了该焦炉在成焦过程中的温度场分布及结焦时间,结果表明：在成焦4h～64h之间,热量由煤料上部及炉墙、炉底向煤进行传热,到结焦64h,顶部焦面的温度达到最高,整个炭化室中温度也最高,焦炭已接近成熟,到100h,炭化室中全部焦炭已达到1000℃,而后随挥发分释放的减少,整体焦炭温度下降．随炭化时间的延长,炭化室中横向及竖直方向温差进一步减少．     

一种新型斜底双层炭化室型焦炉

型焦生产是洁净煤技术之一,其关键技术是型焦炭化炉的结构及其特性。笔者分析了目前国内型焦炉存在的问题,针对弱粘结煤、非粘结煤结焦特性,设计了一种双层斜底炭化室型焦炭化炉,并对其结构及特性进行了详细研究,该炉具有型焦炭化过程热工制度合理、型焦质量好、热效率高、环境友好。为目前型焦生产,减少环境污染,提高型焦生产质量和生产效率提供了一种技术选择。     

炭化室压力单调和加热煤气量旋塞单调的生产应用

通过焦化厂多种炉型的生产管理和技术实践证明,根据结焦时间对炭化室上升管阀体翻板单独调节控制及对地下室加热煤气旋塞单独调节控制,可降低集气管的设定压力、炉墙标准温度及炉顶空间温度,提高焦炭质量和化产品回收率,同时减少烟气中的氮氧化物生成。     

煤的变质程度对焦炭性质影响的研究

对不同变质程度的5种烟煤进行了5 kg实验焦炉炭化实验.并就单种煤的结焦性与对应焦炭的微晶结构间的关系进行了探讨.结果表明,1/3焦煤焦炭、焦煤焦炭的冷态强度和热态强度较好;X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果表明,肥煤焦炭的炭结构因子(La/Lc)最小,石墨化程度最高.焦炭的真相对密度(TRD)随着La/Lc的增大而减小.     

焦炭的光学各向异性结构与气化反应性

10种煤在不同压力(30毫米汞柱、常压和100公斤/厘米~2)下进行炭化,其焦炭的光学各向异性结构得到改善。光学各向异性的程度随炭化压力的增加而大为增加,对于低变质程度的煤来说,这种趋势更加明显。炭化压力也影响物理结构。试验表明,焦炭与二氧化碳和水蒸汽的气化反应性与它们的各向异性和物理结构有关。通过点计数技术和回归分析,估算了     

单种煤与配合煤膨胀压力关系的研究

基于焦炉内煤在加热和膨胀过程中产生的过大压力是焦炭和钢铁生产者的主要安全问题之一,如果结焦压力过高会给焦炉生产带来许多比较麻烦的问题,如果太轻就会使推焦变得困难,如果太重就会使焦炉壁因为巨大压力而被严重损坏,使其使用寿命并降低。如果适当的结焦压力反而又有利于煤的粘结~([1])。解决膨胀压力这一问题是很有必要的。这对如何合理利用这些煤炭资源对炼焦行业的生产和发展具有极其重要的意义。     

5.5m捣固焦炉结焦时间对焦炭质量的影响

通过5.5m捣固焦炉结焦时间的改变,探讨了在配煤比不变的条件下结焦时间变化对焦炭质量的影响。结果表明,适当延长结焦时间能有效提高焦炭的抗碎强度和反应后强度,改善焦炭的耐磨强度和反应性,有效降低焦炭硫分,而且能够配入更多的弱黏结煤,降低入炉煤成本。     

贫煤与煤沥青共炭化研究

进行了不同配比的煤沥青和贫煤的共炭化研究,研究表明,煤沥青与贫煤共炭化时的相互作用是物理融合和化学相互作用的共同作用。其中物理融合表现在使焦炭界面结合状态改善,化学相互作用表现在煤沥青使贫煤的炭化性能发生变化。随煤沥青配比的增加,配煤黏结性有较大改善,焦炭OTI值增大,ISO值减小。煤沥青通过增大焦炭光学组织各向异性程度,使焦炭的反应性降低,反应后强度提高。     

结焦指数模型的研究

正确判断焦炭成熟度对提高焦炭质量和降低炼焦耗热量十分重要,而采用结焦指数模型可定量判断焦炭成熟度。通过测定粗煤气温度的6种方法和试验数据,获得结焦指数模型CI=τC/τmax(炭化时间/火落时间)。同时根据不同炉型和结焦时间找出最佳CI值,并用于焦炉加热优化串级调控工艺(OCC)。     

无焦煤炼焦时惰性物对焦炭微观强度的影响

在无焦煤的炼焦条件下,将徐州气煤和枣庄肥煤两种煤混合,以此混煤为基础煤料,添加不同粒度的焦粉、瘦煤、无烟煤进行坩埚焦炼焦实验,对所炼制的坩埚焦进行焦炭光学组织、焦炭显微强度和结构强度分析测试。结果表明,添加惰性物使焦炭的各向异性指数(OTI)增大,I+Mf+FF减小;3种惰性物中,添加焦粉对提高焦炭显微强度和结构强度效果最好;惰性物的粒度越小,提高焦炭质量效果越明显。     

The mechanism of coking pressure generation I: Effect of high volatile matter coking coal, semi-anthracite and coke breeze on coking pressure and plastic coal layer permeability

One of the most important aspects of the cokemaking process is to control and restrain the coking pressure since excessive coking pressure tends to lead to operational problems and oven wall damage. Therefore, in order to understand the mechanism of coking pressure generation, the permeability of the plastic coal layer and the coking pressure for the same single coal and the same blended coal were measured and the relationship between them was investigated. Then the ‘inert’ (pressure modifier) effect of organic additives such as high volatile matter coking coal, semi-anthracite and coke breeze was studied. The coking pressure peak for box charging with more uniform bulk density distribution was higher than that for top charging. It was found that the coking pressure peaks measured at different institutions (NSC and BHPBilliton) by box charging are nearly the same. The addition of high volatile matter coking coal, semi-anthracite and coke breeze to a low volatile matter, high coking pressure coal greatly increased the plastic layer permeability in laboratory experiments and correspondingly decreased the coking pressure. It was found that, high volatile matter coking coal decreases the coking pressure more than semi-anthracite at the same plastic coal layer permeability, which indicates that the coking pressure depends not only on plastic coal layer permeability but also on other factors. Coking pressure is also affected by the contraction behavior of the coke layer near the oven walls and a large contraction decreases the coal bulk density in the oven center and hence the internal gas pressure in the plastic layer. The effect of contraction on coking pressure needs to be investigated further.     

煤碳化成焦机理的研究进展

从煤碳化的中间相机理、不同煤阶煤的成焦过程、气体压力的生成,以及碳化过程中所发生的化学反应和焦炭微织态的形成过程等方面综述了近年来在煤的碳化成焦机理研究方面的新进展,指出今后应加强对煤碳化机理的研究,以利于指导炼焦生产．     

配煤炼焦试验研究

通过3个单种煤和9个配合煤,放入40kg试验焦炉中,进行常规炼焦、捣固炼焦试验后,对焦炭的质量进行了试验和分析,得到了生产优质焦炭的最佳配煤方案。     

6m焦炉配煤方案的优化与完善

为稳定改善6m焦炉焦炭质量,以20kg小焦炉试验、岩相检测、焦炭反应性和反应后强度检测为主要试验手段,对现用气煤、1/3焦煤、焦煤、低硫肥煤、高硫肥煤、瘦煤等煤种作了配煤炼焦试验,优化了配煤结构。并从经济效益出发,在保证焦炭强度的条件下,提高了气肥煤配量,进一步优化完善了6m焦炉的用煤结构,年新增效益700多万元。     

青海焦煤煤质的特殊性研究

分析了青海焦煤的工业分析指标、镜质组反射率分布指标、焦炭机械强度、焦炭热性能,研究了青海焦煤的成焦显微结构,发现青海焦煤参与配煤炼焦,使焦炭质量劣化,不起焦煤作用的原因是其特殊成因造成其特殊的成焦结构,从而揭示出炼焦煤的工业质量指标及煤岩指标在评价炼焦煤质量上有一定的局限性,而单种煤成焦的显微结构(光学组成)能真正揭示炼焦煤的本质。     

Feedstock recycling of plastic wastes/oil mixtures in cokemaking

Two lubricating oils, a plastic waste composed mainly of polyolefins (95%) and their mixtures (1:1 w/w) were assessed for possible use as minor components of coal blends for metallurgical coke production. The addition of 2 wt% plastic waste causes a decrease in the maximum fluidity of the coal developed during thermal heating between 400 and 500 °C. At the same addition rate, the two oils are good additives for mixing with coal/plastic blends in order to partially restore the caking ability of the co-carbonizing systems. Co-carbonizations of the coking blend with the different wastes were carried out in a movable wall oven of 15 kg capacity. Although the bulk density remained unchanged, the addition of the plastic waste produced an increase in coking pressure to values that were too high for it to be considered as a safe blend. At the same time the mechanical strength of the partially gasified coke was improved as reflected by the CSR index. The oils, however, had the effect of reducing bulk density and the coking pressure generated during the process. When blended with the coal and the plastics, the oils appeared to act as good solvents of the polyolefins and also proved to be effective in decreasing coking pressure without negatively affecting coke quality.     

浅析JN60-3型焦炉热工管理

通过对焦炉热工管理工作中的煤气流量、结焦时间、标准温度、看火孔压力、烟道吸力、空气口开度、空气过剩系数、蓄热室顶部吸力、孔板直径可调节措施之间关系进行分析,找出适合JN60-3型焦炉生产实际所需要的控温方法,制定适合热工控制措施、焦炉炉温调节较为合理的方案。使全炉温度稳定且分布均匀,以达到使炭化室内煤料能均匀受热,从而生产出优质的炼焦产品并尽可能保持炉体结构的完整与严密。     

煤与废塑料共焦化研究进展

介绍了煤与废塑料共焦化的机理,分析了影响煤与废塑料共焦化的主要因素:废塑料的种类、配入比例、粒径、预处理方式等,分别讨论了添加废塑料对膨胀压力和焦炭结构的影响。指出煤与废塑料共焦化技术在节约炼焦煤资源和环保方面具有较好的发展潜力。