电连接器接触件振动可靠性试验评估

针对振动环境下电连接器接触件可靠性的快速评估问题,建立考虑接触件在电连接器内部的安装情况和插头插座连接情况的振动模型,利用ABAQUS软件进行正弦和随机振动仿真,得到了插孔和插针间的相对位移和插孔簧片根部应力的变化规律;建立随机振动应力作用下,接触电阻基于Wiener过程的退化模型,考虑漂移系数和扩散系数的随机性,结合加速因子不变原则建立漂移系数和扩散系数的加速模型;给出基于上述模型的步进应力加速退化试验数据统计分析方法;制定振动环境下接触件步进应力加速退化试验方案并开展试验,通过对接触件插拔力的研究和对接触表面的微观分析验证了失效机理,对试验数据的统计分析验证了所建模型的正确性,给出接触件寿命和振动量级间的关系,实现振动环境下电连接器接触件可靠性的快速评估.     

基于灰色理论的继电器电接触可靠性预测

电接触可靠性是有触点电器产品可靠性的一个重要方面,所以评估触点的电接触性能及可靠性和预测其失效时间对提高有触点电器产品的使用可靠性具有重要的应用价值。针对继电器失效原因的复杂性,提出基于灰理论的电接触可靠性预测。通过建立单变量预测模型GM(1,1),较好地预测电接触失效的问题。并且用动态接触电阻测量系统进行HH52P型电磁继电器失效检测试验,证实灰预测模型的准确性。     

盐雾环境对接触器动态接触电阻的影响研究

为研究盐雾环境对接触器动态接触电阻的影响,选择一种直流接触器开展了盐雾试验。通过同一个测试电路,测试了常温、常态和经过盐雾试验后的同型号、同批次的两个接触器。比较动态接触电阻的试验数据,可以看出经过盐雾试验后的接触器接触电阻明显增大,接触电阻过大使触点发生黏连导致接触器失效,寿命大幅度减少。     

柴油发动机油箱锡青铜浮子接触片失效原因分析

针对柴油发动机油箱锡青铜浮子接触片失效的问题,采用SEM和EDS对该浮子接触片分别进行了表面形貌和成分分析。结果表明,浮子接触片失效的原因是由于硫化学腐蚀生成腐蚀产物,使得接触电阻增大而产生热烧蚀,同时引起接触片表面产生机械磨损。     

柴油发动机油箱锡青铜浮子接触片失效原因分析

针对柴油发动机油箱锡青铜浮子接触片失效的问题,采用SEM和EDS对该浮子接触片分别进行了表面形貌和成分分析.结果表明,浮子接触片失效的原因是由于硫化学腐蚀生成腐蚀产物,使得接触电阻增大而产生热烧蚀,同时引起接触片表面产生机械磨损.     

半导体放电加工中接触电阻的影响因素研究

从理论上分析了产生接触电阻的原因,建立了切割回路中的导电原理模型。分析了如进电方式、进电材料、接触压力等因素对接触电阻的影响。实验结果表明:选择进电材料时,进电材料的功函数与所要加工的半导体的功函数尽量接近;选择接触形式,两个材料接触时要形成面接触,同时在允许的范围内尽量增大接触压力来减小接触间隙,这样会得到更小的接触电阻。     

电动汽车电接插件接触电阻振动特性的研究

电动汽车市场发展迅速,与此同时事故却频频发生,其中很大一部分原因归咎于电气设备的稳定性不足,而电接插件的安全性是电气设备稳定性的核心问题,特别是针对高电压大电流的动力电池组。针对动力电池模组内部连接的电接插件展开研究,在目前电接插件制造工艺的基础上,围绕振动工况下动力电池的电接插件的接触电阻以及接触性能一致性评估的核心技术,探索复杂振动工况下动力电池之间电接插件的接触电阻稳定性问题。首先构建面向振动工况下接触稳定性动力学模型,推导电接插件的振动与频率、幅值的关系。进一步地,设计单体电池电连接器的电阻特性测试和电池模组的接触电阻振动试验,发现了接触电阻与接触面积、振动频率的变化规律。最后,结合电动汽车对电源系统的安全需求及相关理论,提出一套高压接插件一致性评估思路,指导电接插件性能在线评估以及结构优化,为电动汽车高压电安全性提供了实际工程应用和理论指导。     

振动环境下电连接器接触性能退化机理

针对电连接器金属接触件在交变振动应力作用下易产生应力松弛及微动磨损现象,从而降低电连接器接触可靠性的问题,建立了电连接器接触件数学模型;设计了 电连接器振动试验方案和测试电路并进行了试验;分析了电连接器的接触性能退化机理。试验中,试品接触件接触电阻随振动次数的增加而缓慢增大,接触电阻的波动量与振幅和频率相关。试验后,电连接器的插孔孔径增大,插拔力有增有减。由此可知：应力松弛和微动磨损现象是导致电连接器接触性能退化的两个主要因素,插孔中晶粒尺寸减小及滑移线密度的增加是插孔出现应力松弛的根本原因。     

地铁中心销螺栓失效分析及振动试验研究

运用于地铁的螺栓联接在检修时经常发现松动等失效情况,文中针对该问题进行地铁螺栓的失效分析与振动试验研究。通过FMECA和危害性矩阵图分析确定了地铁螺栓的主要失效形式;设计了随机振动试验方案和夹具,利用电阻应变片监测挡板轴向应变来表征螺栓联接预紧力的变化,从而监测其松动过程;分别在不同初始预紧力和不同随机振动量级下开展振动试验,分析了初始预紧力和振动量级与螺栓预紧力退化间的关系;进一步开展了涂紧固黏合剂后的螺栓振动试验;为验证和提高地铁螺栓振动下的防松能力提供了依据。     

潜水泵电机进水故障分析与处理

分析潜水泵电机进水故障原因以及控制系统各级保护失效原因,针对性改进电缆固定方式更换保护元件等。     

Macroscopic and microscopic changes in the surface layers of annealed and case-hardened steel rollers due to rolling contact

Measurements of the residual stress and observations of the microstructure at the surface and in the subsurface of rollers were performed during rolling contact fatigue tests of annealed 0.45% carbon steel and case-hardened nickel-chromium steel rollers. Compressive residual stresses in annealed rollers were induced by the rolling contact. With case-hardened rollers they were induced by heat treatment prior to the rolling contact fatigue tests. After the rolling contact fatigue tests the compressive residual stresses on the surface of the annealed rollers and in the subsurface of the case-hardened rollers relaxed; a characteristic substructure was formed by the stress cycles, which caused surface failure. It was confirmed that the microcracks leading to surface failure initiate on the surfaces of annealed rollers and in the subsurface of case-hardened rollers.     

机械振动下交流接触器电寿命预测失效特征量提取

针对机械振动环境下交流接触器电寿命预测中的失效特征量进行研究,提出了一种基于优化小波去噪与核主成分分析 皮尔逊相关系数法相结合的方法以获取有效的失效特征量。首先,分别在常规与振动环境下进行交流接触器全寿命试验,并选取多个退化参数作为分析对象;其次,针对实测数据,采用多指标综合评价方法优化小波去噪,对退化参数进行去噪平滑,并结合参数的退化趋势,分析振动对接触器电寿命的影响;最后,针对退化参数及其核主成分,构建全信息特征量,计算各特征与剩余电寿命的皮尔逊相关系数。在振动环境下,结合所提方法最终提取累积燃弧能量、第一核主成分、吸合电压和接触电阻作为交流接触器电寿命预测的失效特征量。     

脱硫增压风机振动故障分析与处理

详细介绍了一起典型的600MW机组脱硫增压风机振动故障分析处理过程,经过振动测试分析,判断该风机振动故障为动不平衡,采用影响系数法对其进行了动平衡处理,解决了振动问题。     

电连接器微动磨损的超声识别与性能退化模型

针对振动环境下电连接器易产生微动磨损而接触性能降低这一问题，采用超声检测方法监测微动磨损过程中电连接器接触件间磨屑的特征值，研究了不同振动条件下接触件的磨损程度及接触性能的退化规律。结果表明，振动频率、振动加速度和振动次数对接触面磨屑的堆积和接触电阻的波动都有正向累积效应；电连接器轴向振动时，磨屑累积效应最为明显。接触电阻和磨屑特征值总量在高振频及加速度下呈现极高的相关性。以磨屑特征值构建的麻雀搜索算法优化BP神经网络性能退化模型的平均绝对误差小于5%。     

工业装配抗振外骨骼的动力学仿真及试验研究

针对手传振动问题，设计出一种上肢穿戴式工业装配抗振外骨骼作为干预装备。采用ADAMS建立了参数化的人机耦合仿真模型；为优化外骨骼减振单元结构参数，对外骨骼减振单元结构进行了单因素振动响应分析，发现减振器阻尼系数及安装位置是影响外骨骼减振性能的关键因素，剪式减振结构的前后弹簧刚度差异化取值时的效果更佳，通过交互正交试验得到修正的最佳因素水平组合。以接触压力和计权振动值为指标，通过抗振性能试验来评估外骨骼样机的减振性能，发现外骨骼在铆接期可减小约39.9%的接触压力，在间歇期接触压力减小49.4%,穿戴外骨骼可减小15.1%的日接振值，单日铆接效率最大可提高18%;接触压力和接振值的变化证明外骨骼具有减振及工具支撑功能。     

Comparative Study on the Complex Eigenvalue Prediction of Brake Squeal by Two Infinite Element Modeling Approaches

The complex eigenvalue analysis is currently a common approach to predict squealing vibration and noise. There are two methods for modeling friction contact in the complex eigenvalue analysis of friction systems. In one method, contact springs are used to simulate friction contact. In another method, no contact spring is used. However, it has been uncertain whether these two modeling methods can predict approximately identical results. In order to clarify the uncertainty, two finite element models of the same brake system for the brake squeal prediction are established and simulated by using ABAQUS and NASTRAN software tools, respectively. In the ABAQUS model, friction coupling is applied to determine normal contact force and no contact spring is assumed. Whilst in the NASTRAN model, the contact spring is assumed by the penalty method to simulate contact connection. Through the numerical simulations, it is recognized that even if the same mesh geometry is applied, generally, these two finite element approaches are not capable of predicting approximately identical unstable frequencies. The ABAQUS approach can predict instabilities of high frequency up to 20 kHz or more, while the NASTRAN approach can only predict some instabilities of high frequency, not all. Moreover, the simulation results also show that both the contact spring stiffness and mesh size have influences to some extent on the prediction results of squeal. The present comparative work illuminates that the modeling method without contact springs is more suitable to predict squealing vibration and noise, comparing to the modeling method with contact springs. It is proposed that one should prefer using the modeling method without contact springs to predict squealing vibration and noise. The proposed study provides the reference for predicting squealing vibration and noise.     

Conduction degradation by fretting corrosion phenomena for contact samples made of high-copper alloys

The main cause of electrical contact resistance degradation by corrosion is the vibration of contact interfaces. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the change of contact resistance by means of a vibration test for uncoated sphere/plane contact made of new high-copper alloys.The influence of electrical and mechanical properties of materials, and mainly hardness, on contact resistance has been studied in this work. During the fretting test, a contact point was submitted to 16,000 vibration cycles under fretting amplitude of 50 μm and 1 Hz frequency. The sphere part was fixed, while the plane part was submitted to relative motion. At the end of the test, the fretted surfaces and the wear debris were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to evaluate damage, oxidation and elemental composition present in the wear surfaces. In addition, the measurement of the wear track profile using a 3D surface scanning system was introduced. Increases in contact resistance and contact temperature were examined during the fretting test.The results showed that the contact resistance for the harder alloy was higher than that obtained for the other materials. In addition, topographic measurements showed that the small wear track corresponds to the harder material.     

JF系列某型电连接器组件端子可靠性研究

深入研究和分析了JF系列某型电连接器的组件端子在随机振动应力作用下的接触失效情况,由组件端子的失效机理及其运动状态构建出理论力学模型,考虑理论模型分析及实际失效情况,提出组件端子在随机振动作用下的可靠性增长方法。构建JF系列某型电连接器的组件端子插拔力的数学模型并对插拔力进行了分析,确定了插拔力的变化趋势及各因素之间的关系。参照相关手册确定了组件端子插拔力的取值范围,得出在取值范围内振动应力作用下组件端子接触失效随插拔力的增加而降低的结论。建立JF系列某型电连接器单针孔接触对的有限元仿真模型,并利用此模型模拟了电连接器接触件的插合与分开过程,得到接触面最大和最小插拔力时的应力和应变分布图以及随时间变化图。     

The influence of vibration on the rolling contact fatigue damage of case-carburised steels

Experiments were carried out with a nutcracker-type test rig to investigate the influence of vibration on the mode of contact fatigue damage of case-carburised steels. Vibration was induced by using an eccentric specimen. Flaking or severe case-crushing-type failure was observed at three different hardness levels. In the absence of vibration, flaking-type failure was observed for the lowest hardness material. Other materials withstood a life of more than 10⁷ cycles under the same contact stress conditions.     

十自由度车-轨耦合仿真分析

文章以十自由度车轨耦合模型为例,探究由轨道不平顺所导致车-轨耦合垂向振动的问题,由功率谱密度计算确定了轨道不平顺并以此作为激励源,计算分析车辆与轨道之间的垂向耦合振动响应.通过MATLAB仿真结果图分析得出,轨下的高底不平顺主要影响的是构架和轮对的振动频率,对车体的影响并不大,因此要减轻车-轨系统的振动主要从一系悬挂和...