高含水期集输系统效率测试分析研究

分析了某油田集输系统工艺流程及能耗分布状况,并通过对集输系统管网、转油站、脱水站3部分效率测试及分析研究,给出系统目前的能耗状况,找到集输系统效率低、能耗高的主要影响因素,为油田集输系统下步节能挖潜改造指明方向。测试结果表明,管网部分井口至计量间的管道能耗严重,转油站、联合站及整个集输系统的热能利用较差．应加强保温工作。     

某超高层酒店燃气蒸汽锅炉节能改造案例分析

以某超高层酒店燃气蒸汽锅炉节能改造为例,对锅炉蒸汽系统改造前能耗进行了拆分、效率测试及节能潜力分析,进而提出了改造方案并测算了节能效果,对设计、施工及调试过程中出现的问题进行了总结和分析,为同类建筑锅炉蒸汽系统的改造提供了参考和借鉴。     

钢铁厂循环水系统节电改造

针对梅山钢铁冷轧循环水系统运行时存在节流损失及能量浪费等问题的分析,提出了改造措施,对泵进行了高效化改造,采用水轮机驱动替换电机驱动风机,应用智慧阀门,从而确保了系统的运行稳定,从改造效果看,节电效果显著,不仅降低了能耗,而且提高了循环水系统效率。     

基于变频调速与联机控制在中央空调系统节能降耗中的应用

中央空调是能耗大户,如何提高其使用效率和根据实际使用工况实现节能降耗是一项重要工作内容.本文提出了一系列改造方案,并分析了改造结果.通过改造,中央空调系统系统节能降耗效果明显.     

冷水机组变频改造节能性能分析

通过对上海金山区某公司冷水机组系统变频改造前后进行数据采集及工况监视,分析改造前后节能情况,采用冷水机组系统COP值和外部效率ICOP、内部效率DCOP综合评价冷水机组的运行性能。数据显示:改造前后COP节能率为24.56%;改造前后ICOP节能率为39.63%;改造前后DCOP节能率为-20.45%。本次变频改造外部系统运行节能效果较明显,COP和ICOP提高显著;但冷水机组本身效率不升反降,内部因素DCOP有一定的下降,这表明,传输系统以及相应的冷机系统变频改造使系统总能耗降低,但冷水机组的功效利用还有挖掘潜力。系统总体的COP值的提高不能保证机组内部效率的提升,在变频节能改造工程中,需要考虑充分提高冷水机组运行效率,达到进一步降低系统运行的能耗的效果。     

某大型公共建筑的能耗分析及对策

为了掌握公共建筑集中空调系统的能耗状况,以某大型公共建筑为例,通过对用电、用气及用水情况,及相关运行设备等方面进行了能耗测试和分析,得出公共建筑的主要的能耗对象为集中空调系统,且公共建筑空调系统存在设计选型偏大、设备运行效率低、运行管理不规范、缺乏室温控制等诸多问题。提出了针对大型公共建筑的节能改造方面的建议。     

大型火力发电厂汽轮机的设计优化及节能

对电厂汽轮机节能降耗改造的可行性进行了分析,并就如何提高汽轮机运行效率的有效措施进行了探讨,以实现能耗大户火力发电厂的节能降耗。     

300 MW机组电站锅炉烟风系统能耗分析与对策

电站锅炉烟风系统的电耗占厂用电的30%左右.降低烟风系统能耗,对提高锅炉运行经济性具有重要的意义.以衡水电厂号1机组300 MW电站锅炉的烟风系统为研究对象,首先通过对引风机的能耗分析,找出了风机运行效率低的原因,对引风机进行了改造;其次,对空气预热器漏风、炉底漏风等对锅炉经济性的影响予以分析,并进行了空气预热器密封系统和炉底水封改造.改造均达到了预期的目的.最后简要介绍了锅炉运行参数变化对烟气系统能耗的影响.     

浅析溴化锂制冷系统的节能

分析了影响溴化锂制冷系统能耗的诸多因素 ,提出了降低溴化锂制冷系统能耗而进行的节能改造及取得的节能效果     

夏热冬暖地区办公建筑围护结构改造节能经济性分析

对夏热冬暖地区某办公建筑进行能耗测试,利用能耗模拟软件TRNSYS对该建筑空调能耗进行模拟,分析空调冷负荷对于各围护结构的敏感性,对影响能耗显著的外墙、遮阳系数及建筑渗透率进行改造。利用NPV动态经济评价体系,在建筑运行时间内对26种改造方案进行节能经济性分析。结果表明,外墙中度强化、建筑渗透率高度强化及遮阳系数高度强化方案的经济收益值最大,改造成本回收年限较短,为经济性最优改造方案。     

Variables affecting energy efficiency and CO2 emissions in the steel industry

Specific energy consumption (SEC) is an energy efficiency indicator widely used in industry for measuring the energy efficiency of different processes. In this paper, the development of energy efficiency and CO₂ emissions of steelmaking is studied by analysing the energy data from a case mill. First, the specific energy consumption figures were calculated using different system boundaries, such as the process level, mill level and mill site level. Then, an energy efficiency index was developed to evaluate the development of the energy efficiency at the mill site. The effects of different production conditions on specific energy consumption and specific CO₂ emissions were studied by PLS analysis. As theory expects, the production rate of crude steel and the utilisation of recycled steel were shown to affect the development of energy efficiency at the mill site. This study shows that clearly defined system boundaries help to clarify the role of on-site energy conversion and make a difference between the final energy consumption and primary energy consumption of an industrial plant with its own energy production.     

杭州市能源利用效率现状与对策

以"十五"末～2005年本地区的能源与利用状况为分析基础,针对国家提出的"十一五"期间GTP能耗下降20%的目标,从能源消费现状、结构和发展趋势、工业用能、单位产品能耗、工艺、设备耗能效率和节能技术创新角度,浅析降低能源消耗和损失;提高能源利用效率.     

Energy efficiency improvement procedures and audit results of electrical,thermal and solar applications in Palestine

Energy conservation in utilities has played a vital role in improving energy efficiency in the industrial, commercial and residential sectors. The electrical energy consumption in Palestine has increased sharply in the past few years and achieved by the end of 2001 to 10% per year. It is expected that this percentage will increase to about 12% if the current political situation will end hopefully with peace. Modern energy efficient technologies are needed for the national energy policy. Such technologies are investigated in this paper. Implementing of a national 3 years project aiming at energy efficiency improvement in residential and industrial sectors as well as in public utilities, which include wide range of diversified audits and power measurements, had led to creating this paper. Measurement and audit results had shown that the total conservation potential in these sectors is around 15% of the total energy consumption. The associated costs of the investment in this field are relatively low and correspond to a pay back period varying in the range from 6 to 36 months. Consequently, the energy conservation policy will be seriously improved in the forthcoming years. It is estimated that 10% of the new energy purchasing capacity will be reduced accordingly.     

日本汽车能效判断基准和测试方法

近年来,随着世界各国对能效的重视,日本等发达国家建立了针对能效的技术法规体系。叙述了日本对汽车基准能源消耗效率的设定值、能源消耗效率的测试方法和日本测制定基准能源消耗效率政策的情况,旨在使中国生产企业了解和把握日本汽车的能效要求,为建立中国汽车能效的技术性贸易体系提供参考。     

我国居民生活用能特征研究

本文揭示了我国居民生活能源消费的主要特征:(1)居民生活能源消费量总体呈上升趋势,其在全社会能源消费总量中所占比重却持续下降。(2)城镇和农村居民生活用能特征有很大不同,城镇居民人均生活能源消费量增长极快,农村居民能源消费结构却仍以煤炭为主,引导居民部门能源消费应该对城乡居民有所侧重。(3)各区域居民生活能源利用效率存在明显差异,东部沿海地区能源利用效率最高、中部地区最低,要提高各区域生活能源利用效率,需根据各区域不同用能特征规划能源政策。     

冷库制冷装置操作管理中的节能技术

提出了提高冷库制冷装置效率的基本措施 ,对冷库企业减少能源消耗 ,降低生产成本具有重要的指导意义。     

我国电气化水平和能源效率关系分析

本文用因素分解法探讨了电气化水平的提高与我国能源效率的关系,指出要重视结构因素对我国能源效率的影响,通过提高我国发电用能比重和电能占终端用能比重,提高我国综合能源效率。     

Overview of rural building energy efficiency in China

Over the past three decades, people׳s living standard in China has been greatly improved, accompanied by the rapid increasing building energy consumption. Rural building energy consumption has become one of the most important parts of the total energy consumption in China, which deserves to be paid much attention. It is of vital importance to promote building energy efficiency for the New Socialist Countryside and energy conservation and emission reduction. This paper provides an overview of building energy consumption in the countryside, which figures out the situation and challenges in energy-saving work. The government has worked for years on rural building code system aimed at narrowing the energy gap between urban areas, but it is in the beginning phase. This paper has analyzed the only special issues about rural building energy efficiency and the mandatory standards for urban buildings, which can facilitate the development of rural building energy efficiency. Based on the above analysis, some recommendations regarding the improvement of rural building energy efficiency are given.     

我国数据中心能耗及能效水平研究

随着网络化、信息化的推进,我国数据中心迅速发展,能耗问题日益突出。为从宏观层面掌握我国数据中心整体能耗状况及能效水平,从而更好地推进数据中心节能工作,本文开展了相关研究。分析结果表明:目前我国数据中心能耗已占到全国电力消耗的1%,且未来仍将快速增长,但数据中心能效水平相对低下,具有较大的节能潜力,是未来我国节能减排的重要努力方向。     

Resource of energy efficiency in Russia: scale, costs, and benefits

This paper considers Russian economy-wide energy efficiency potential by sectors and energy carriers. The assessment shows that Russian technical energy efficiency potential exceeds 45% of 2005 primary energy consumption or 294 mtoe (excluding associated gas flaring). This is about the annual primary energy consumption in France, the UK, or Ukraine, half of that in Japan, and over 2% of the global primary energy consumption. Related CO₂ emission reduction potential is 50% of the Russian 2005 emission. Special attention is given to methodological issues in aggregating potentials identified in final energy use and to the evaluation of indirect energy efficiency gains. This study found that the energy efficiency potential doubles, if associated reduction of energy use, as well as technology progress, in energy production and transformation are accounted for. Cost curves for energy efficiency improvements were developed using the incremental cost approach to identify the cost-effective part of the potential.