基于双剪屈服准则钢筋混凝土轴对称圆球壳有矩理论的极限分析

基于双剪屈服准则,导出了钢筋混凝土轴对称圆球壳的有矩理论的屈服条件,并应用塑性理论,对钢筋混凝土圆球壳进行了极限分析,并用机动法求出壳体在竖向均布荷载下的极限载荷。计算结果与根据塑性屈服线理论计算的结果相符,可供工程技术部门参考。     

方底钢筋混凝土球扁壳基于双剪屈服准则的极限分析

利用双剪屈服准则建立了用机动法计算钢筋混凝土球扁壳的塑性屈服线理论,给出塑性屈服线求极限荷载的方法,使其更加合理。建立了矩形底的钢筋混凝土扁壳的屈服条件,并用无矩和有矩理论求解出方形底周边铰支的球扁壳的极限载荷。     

板锥网壳结构的承载能力分析

板锥网壳结构是一种受力性能合理,技术经济效益良好的新型空间结构形式。本文考虑板片和杆件协同工作时的几何非线性,采用弧长法跟踪荷载—位移全过程平衡路径,对板锥网壳结构的极限承载力性能进行全过程非线性跟踪分析,确定其稳定性能及杆件和锥体单元板件屈服顺序,对板锥网壳结构的破坏机理和极限承载力等问题进行了研究,并与普通双层网壳结构进行了比较,得出了可应用于工程实践的重要结论。     

单层筒形网壳结构的选型及其静动力性能分析

本文对两端支承，两个直线边自由的圆柱形壳面的单层筒形网壳结构进行了大量的算例，并以结构的几何尺寸比例，网格形式，构造方案作为基本结构参数对网壳型式进行了优选。对优选出来的典型网壳结构又进行了详细的静力性能分析，自振特性分析和用反应谱法计算了地震作用。最后，对这类网壳的设计提出了建议。     

强震下单层柱面网壳损伤及失效机理研究

基于结构损伤理论,对单层柱面网壳在强震下的失效机理进行研究。单层柱面网壳在强震下不仅会发生动力失稳,也可能由于过度塑性发展导致动力强度破坏的模式。对于动力强度失效的研究,应当在分析中考虑材料损伤累积以及断裂效应的影响。为在有限元分析中包含这一影响因素,编制了基于通用有限元软件ABAQUS的用户材料子程序,具有较高的计算精度和较好的收敛性。应用其对单层柱面网壳在强震下的响应进行参数研究,并与基于理想弹塑性材料时的响应对比,讨论考虑材料损伤对网壳失效特征的影响。将单层柱面网壳在强震下失效时刻的多项特征响应进行统计分析,拟合了能够表征网壳损伤程度的损伤模型,建立单层柱面网壳在强震下的失效判别准则。针对实际工程抗震设计中采用损伤累积本构模型计算的困难,提出网壳结构失效极限的简化判别方法。     

铝合金穹顶的试验研究

本通过铝合金穹顶网壳的静力试验,研究了网壳结构在荷载作用下的力学性能。并与采用杆系有限元法计算的理论结果进行了比较,得出铝合金网壳结构在进行力学分析时,其力学模型与钢网壳一样,均可以非线性空间梁单元作为计算单元。本试验的结论可为铝合金穹顶网壳在我国的推广使用提供分析和设计依据。     

圆锥形壳的弹塑性屈曲

在外部和轴向压力共同作用下,进行短、薄壁、低碳圆锥形钢壳的屈曲分析。将试验得到的等效圆柱形钢壳在轴压和表面压力下的屈曲结果与已有的圆锥钢壳在轴压和表面压力下的屈曲结果进行了对比。给出了数值和试验结果,以及试验、数值模型及承载能力的计算过程。研究结果表明,等效圆柱形钢壳的概念对于低度规圆锥并不适用。得到了关于高度规圆锥形壳和其等效圆柱形壳的稳定曲线。这些曲线不仅提供了强度包络,也得到了屈服包络和塑性区。研究优化了由Esslinger和vanIm-pe提出的设计工具,使之适用于外部压强下圆锥形壳的弹塑性屈曲分析。     

单层柱面网壳风致动力失效特征及简化分析

为简化网壳结构在风荷载下的弹塑性动力失效分析过程,提出了基于动力失效的等效静力风荷载的简化计算方法,使网壳结构的抗风设计同时满足强度和稳定性的要求.通过对单层柱面网壳结构进行风荷载下的静力、动力失效全过程分析,给出了综合Budiansky-Roth准则和Hsu S C准则的动力失效判别方法,以准确、有效地确定网壳结构的动力失效临界荷载系数.结合概念分析和定量计算,指出了风荷载下网壳结构的动力失效模式包括弹性动力失稳破坏、弹塑性动力失稳破坏和塑性动力强度破坏.对比网壳结构的静力、动力失效临界荷载系数,确定了基于动力失效的等效静力风荷载系数,可为网壳结构抗风设计提供参考.     

金寨影剧院网壳屋盖结构的分析与设计

金寨影剧院屋盖采用了椭圆抛物面网壳结构.文章对网壳结构进行了结构的动力分析,计算了结构在风荷载作用下的响应,并对网壳结构进行了考虑初始几何缺陷的屈曲分析,得到了结构的极限承载力.     

周边双层中部单层球面网壳结构的特征值屈曲分析及其极限承载力

在大跨结构中,将单双层网壳结合起来形成的一种结构形成———周边双层中部单层球面网壳结构,可充分发挥两种结构形式的优点。本文采用刚铰接模型,即单层部分采用空间梁单元、双层部分采用空间杆单元,应用BlockLanczos方法对该种网壳结构进行了特征值屈曲分析;采用柱面等弧长技术跟踪了网壳结构的平衡路径。在对网壳结构进行多参数分析的基础上,包括单双层跨度比、矢跨比、杆件规格等,总结了单双层网壳结构的失稳规律,得出了临界荷载和极限荷载的拟合计算公式,并与一实际工程的数值分析结果进行了比较。     

柱面拱支网壳静力性能分析

拱支网壳结构体系是在综合了网壳(网架)及拱结构的优点的基础上,构思出的一种新型大跨度空间杂交结构形式。通过与一般柱面单层网壳结构的对比,对不同矢跨比的单层柱面拱支网壳结构考虑不同拱肋配置下的静力性能,特别是结构极限承载能力及对初始几何缺陷的敏感性进行了分析比较。介绍了几个采用单层柱面网壳结构作为屋面结构的工程实例及其采用拱肋加强后的实际效率。理论分析结果及工程应用表明,在拱结构的帮助下,柱面单层拱支网壳结构的静力性能得到了明显的改善。     

Wind loading and its effects on single-layer reticulated cylindrical shells

In this paper, the wind load distribution as well as its effects on single-layer reticulated cylindrical shells, which are widely used in practice, is investigated. At first, wind pressure distributions on three rigid cylindrical shell models considering different shape ratios are measured simultaneously in a wind tunnel. Some special characteristics of the measured wind pressure, especially its fluctuating component, are discussed. Then, considering the special structural mechanical behaviors, the effects of wind load, especially the fluctuating component, on the limit load-carrying capacity and the stability of the shells are investigated by both equivalent static analysis and dynamic analysis. Suitable methods to get a reasonable estimation of wind load effects in estimating the equivalent static wind load distribution for such shells are investigated. Finally, with comparison analyses using different methods mentioned in this paper, the efficiency of the method in estimating the effective wind load distribution presented by the authors previously for single-layer reticulated spherical shells is demonstrated, and some advices for estimating the wind load distribution on single-layer reticulated cylindrical shells is given for wind-resistant design in practice.     

近场与远场地震动作用下单层柱面网壳结构易损性分析

与远场地震动不同,近场速度脉冲型地震动具有瞬时能量大、幅值大、脉冲周期长等特点,但目前少有学者关注其对网壳结构的影响。以三向网格型单层柱面网壳为研究对象,采用40条近场速度脉冲型地震动及40条远场地震动作为输入,对9例网壳结构进行增量动力分析,基于分析结果建立网壳结构的概率地震需求模型及抗震能力模型,获得网壳结构的易损性曲线,并对比研究两组地震动作用下网壳结构的极限状态失效概率。结果表明：与远场地震动相比,近场速度脉冲型地震动会造成单层柱面网壳结构更为严重的损伤,且损伤指数的离散性更大;近场速度脉冲型地震动作用下单层柱面网壳结构的极限状态失效概率要显著大于远场地震动作用下的极限状态失效概率。     

Research on stability of single-layer inverted catenary cylindrical reticulated shells

The structural configuration and method of analysis of the single-layer inverted catenary cylindrical reticulated shell are introduced in this paper, and the elastic as well as elastic–plastic stability of this kind of reticulated shell is then investigated. The stability of the structures with different types of grid patterns is compared, and the reasonable grid pattern is hence recommended. The structural buckling mode and ultimate load-carrying capacity are studied in detail by parametric analysis. Influence of various factors on structural ultimate load is investigated, and the fitting formula of ultimate load is thus presented. Comparison analysis between the inverted catenary and circular cylindrical reticulated shells is also carried out. The work will provide guidance in theory for practical applications of this kind of structure.     

Large displacement stability analysis of elastic–plastic unsymmetrical sandwich cylindrical shells

The paper presents stability analysis of elastic–plastic, free supported sandwich cylindrical shell with unsymmetrical faces, loaded by longitudinal forces, transversal pressure, and shear. The J₂ incremental Prandtl–Reuss plastic flow theory constitutive relations were used in the analysis and it was assumed that geometrical strain-displacement relations are nonlinear ones. It was also assumed that the shell faces have different thicknesses and these are made of different isotropic compressible materials with linear stress-hardening. Active loading processes are accepted in the analysis, the stability equations are derived using strain energy formulation. Ritz method is used to solve the equations and an iterative computational algorithm was elaborated to get numerical results.     

Schalenbeulen von Sandwichzylindern mit einem neuen Elastomer als Verbundwerkstoff

Shell buckling of cylindrical sandwich shells with a new elastomer as composite material. Alternatively to cylindrical steel shells a sandwich shell with a new elastomer as composite material is investigated with regard to the stability. The sandwich shell has an inner and an outer steel face, which are bonded adhesively to an elastomer core between them. In cooperation with Krupp Stahlbau Hannover GmbH the institute for steel construction of University of Hannover checked, if the application of this sandwich technology is possible for towers of wind energy converters. Especially the combination with high strength steel is a point of interest. In comparison with numerical buckling analyses the validity of a laminate composites shell theory is proven. Finally the stability of the sandwich construction is investigated against shell buckling due to axial compression and torsion. The results are compared to the stability of cylindrical steel shells.     

Free vibration analysis of joined conical shells: Analytical and experimental study

Natural frequencies and mode shapes of two joined isotropic conical shells are presented in this study. The joined conical shells can be considered as the general case for joined cylindrical–conical shells, joined cylinder–plates or cone–plates, conical and cylindrical shells with stepped thicknesses and also annular plates. Governing equations are obtained using thin-walled shallow shell theory of Donnell and Hamilton׳s principle. The continuity conditions at the joining section of the cones are appropriate expressions among stress resultants and deformations. The equations are solved assuming trigonometric response in circumferential and series solution in meridional directions and all combinations of boundary conditions can be assumed in this method. The results are compared and validated with the available results in other investigations and also modal testing. The effects of semi-vertex angles and meridional lengths on the natural frequency and circumferential wave number of joined shells are investigated.     

Mechanical analysis of circular liners with particular reference to composite supports. For example, liners consisting of shotcrete and steel sets

This paper describes a methodology for the mechanical analysis of composite supports, such as liners consisting of shotcrete and steel sets. The methodology presented here is based on an established technique of structural analysis commonly referred to as the ‘equivalent section’ approach. This technique consists in treating the composite section of a straight beam as a homogenized section of equivalent mechanical properties. The equations presented in this paper have been derived from application of the theory of elastic shells (or curved beams) and therefore are more appropriate for the analysis of circular tunnel liners. The proposed methodology for the design of liners is based on the construction of capacity diagrams, another established technique of structural analysis and concrete design that can be conveniently extended to the analysis of composite sections for tunnel liners. When applying the theory of elastic shells to derive the equations that conform to the proposed methodology, the problem of determining the mechanical response of semi-circular arches treated with the theory of thin and thick formulations has been re-visited. Observations of practical interest arising from the comparison of results obtained with both approaches are discussed.     

板锥网壳结构的拟三层壳分析法

板锥网壳结构是一种受力性能合理 ,技术经济效益良好的新型空间结构形式。本文对板锥网壳结构提出了一种连续化的分析方法 ,根据其受力特点按照刚度等效的原理 ,采用弹性力学的基本方法推导出板锥网壳结构的等代壳体刚度 ,将其连续化为能共同作用的特殊形式的三层薄壳 ,按薄壳理论建立其位移法和混合法的基本微分方程。通过对微分方程的求解 ,计算其整体位移及结构内力。该法具有一定的精度 ,可宏观地了解结构的力学性能 ,并可用于板锥网壳结构的初步设计。